core: hle: kernel: init_slab_setup: Move CalculateSlabHeapGapSize to global namespace.

core: hle: kernel: Allocate dummy threads on host thread storage.
- Fixes a crash where on subsequent boots, long-lived host threads would have their dummy threads freed.
2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00 · 2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00 · 2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00 · 2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00 · 2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00 · 2022-03-14 18:14:54 -07:00
373 changed files with 44455 additions and 16471 deletions
@@ -41,12 +41,11 @@ for i in package/*.exe; do
 done

 pip3 install pefile
-python3 .ci/scripts/windows/scan_dll.py package/*.exe "package/"
-python3 .ci/scripts/windows/scan_dll.py package/imageformats/*.dll "package/"
+python3 .ci/scripts/windows/scan_dll.py package/*.exe package/imageformats/*.dll "package/"

 # copy FFmpeg libraries
 EXTERNALS_PATH="$(pwd)/build/externals"
-FFMPEG_DLL_PATH="$(find ${EXTERNALS_PATH} -maxdepth 1 -type d | grep ffmpeg)/bin"
+FFMPEG_DLL_PATH="$(find "${EXTERNALS_PATH}" -maxdepth 1 -type d | grep 'ffmpeg-')/bin"
 find ${FFMPEG_DLL_PATH} -type f -regex ".*\.dll" -exec cp -v {} package/ ';'

 # copy libraries from yuzu.exe path
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@
 [submodule "opus"]
 	path = externals/opus/opus
 	url = https://github.com/xiph/opus.git
-[submodule "ffmpeg"]
-	path = externals/ffmpeg
-	url = https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
 [submodule "SDL"]
 	path = externals/SDL
 	url = https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL.git
 [submodule "externals/cpp-httplib"]
 	path = externals/cpp-httplib
 	url = https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib.git
+[submodule "externals/ffmpeg/ffmpeg"]
+	path = externals/ffmpeg/ffmpeg
+	url = https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ option(ENABLE_CUBEB "Enables the cubeb audio backend" ON)

 option(USE_DISCORD_PRESENCE "Enables Discord Rich Presence" OFF)

+option(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_OPUS "Compile bundled opus" ON)
+
+option(YUZU_TESTS "Compile tests" ON)
+
 # Default to a Release build
 get_property(IS_MULTI_CONFIG GLOBAL PROPERTY GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
 if (NOT IS_MULTI_CONFIG AND NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
@@ -166,8 +170,7 @@ macro(yuzu_find_packages)
    # Capitalization matters here. We need the naming to match the generated paths from Conan
    set(REQUIRED_LIBS
    #    Cmake Pkg Prefix  Version     Conan Pkg
-        "Catch2            2.13.7      catch2/2.13.7"
-        "fmt               8.0.1       fmt/8.0.1"
+        "fmt               8.0.1       fmt/8.1.1"
        "lz4               1.8         lz4/1.9.2"
        "nlohmann_json     3.8         nlohmann_json/3.8.0"
        "ZLIB              1.2         zlib/1.2.11"
@@ -175,6 +178,11 @@ macro(yuzu_find_packages)
    # can't use opus until AVX check is fixed: https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/pull/4068
        #"opus              1.3         opus/1.3.1"
    )
+    if (YUZU_TESTS)
+        list(APPEND REQUIRED_LIBS
+        "Catch2            2.13.7      catch2/2.13.7"
+        )
+    endif()

    foreach(PACKAGE ${REQUIRED_LIBS})
        string(REGEX REPLACE "[ \t\r\n]+" ";" PACKAGE_SPLIT ${PACKAGE})
@@ -229,7 +237,7 @@ elseif (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux" OR YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_BOOST)
    include_directories(SYSTEM "${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
 else()
    message(STATUS "Boost 1.73.0 or newer not found, falling back to Conan")
-    list(APPEND CONAN_REQUIRED_LIBS "boost/1.73.0")
+    list(APPEND CONAN_REQUIRED_LIBS "boost/1.78.0")
 endif()

 # Attempt to locate any packages that are required and report the missing ones in CONAN_REQUIRED_LIBS
@@ -249,7 +257,7 @@ if(ENABLE_QT)
    # Check for system Qt on Linux, fallback to bundled Qt
    if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
        if (NOT YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
-            find_package(Qt5 ${QT_VERSION} COMPONENTS Widgets)
+            find_package(Qt5 ${QT_VERSION} COMPONENTS Widgets DBus)
        endif()
        if (NOT Qt5_FOUND OR YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
            # Check for dependencies, then enable bundled Qt download
@@ -508,13 +516,13 @@ set(FFmpeg_COMPONENTS
    avutil
    swscale)

-if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
+if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
    Include(FindPkgConfig REQUIRED)
    pkg_check_modules(LIBVA libva)
 endif()
 if (NOT YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG)
    # Use system installed FFmpeg
-    find_package(FFmpeg QUIET COMPONENTS ${FFmpeg_COMPONENTS})
+    find_package(FFmpeg 4.3 QUIET COMPONENTS ${FFmpeg_COMPONENTS})

    if (FFmpeg_FOUND)
        # Overwrite aggregate defines from FFmpeg module to avoid over-linking libraries.
@@ -527,225 +535,11 @@ if (NOT YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG)
            set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR ${FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR} ${FFmpeg_INCLUDE_${COMPONENT}} CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg headers" FORCE)
        endforeach()
    else()
-        message(WARNING "FFmpeg not found, falling back to externals")
+        message(WARNING "FFmpeg not found or too old, falling back to externals")
        set(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG ON)
    endif()
 endif()

-if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG)
-    if (NOT WIN32)
-        # TODO(lat9nq): Move this to externals/ffmpeg/CMakeLists.txt (and move externals/ffmpeg to
-        # externals/ffmpeg/ffmpeg)
-
-        # Build FFmpeg from externals
-        message(STATUS "Using FFmpeg from externals")
-
-        # FFmpeg has source that requires one of nasm or yasm to assemble it.
-        # REQUIRED throws an error if not found here during configuration rather than during compilation.
-        find_program(ASSEMBLER NAMES nasm yasm)
-        if ("${ASSEMBLER}" STREQUAL "ASSEMBLER-NOTFOUND")
-            message(FATAL_ERROR "One of either `nasm` or `yasm` not found but is required.")
-        endif()
-
-        find_program(AUTOCONF autoconf)
-        if ("${AUTOCONF}" STREQUAL "AUTOCONF-NOTFOUND")
-            message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `autoconf` not found.")
-        endif()
-
-        set(FFmpeg_PREFIX ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg)
-        set(FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg)
-        set(FFmpeg_MAKEFILE ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}/Makefile)
-        make_directory(${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR})
-
-        # Read version string from external
-        file(READ ${FFmpeg_PREFIX}/RELEASE FFmpeg_VERSION)
-        set(FFmpeg_FOUND NO)
-        if (NOT FFmpeg_VERSION STREQUAL "")
-            set(FFmpeg_FOUND YES)
-        endif()
-
-        unset(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES CACHE)
-        foreach(COMPONENT ${FFmpeg_COMPONENTS})
-            set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_PREFIX "${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}/lib${COMPONENT}")
-            set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIB_NAME "lib${COMPONENT}.a")
-            set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIBRARY "${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_PREFIX}/${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIB_NAME}")
-
-            set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES
-                ${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES}
-                ${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIBRARY}
-                CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
-        endforeach()
-
-        Include(FindPkgConfig REQUIRED)
-        pkg_check_modules(LIBVA libva)
-        pkg_check_modules(CUDA cuda)
-        pkg_check_modules(FFNVCODEC ffnvcodec)
-        pkg_check_modules(VDPAU vdpau)
-
-        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES)
-        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
-        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS)
-        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS)
-
-        if(LIBVA_FOUND)
-            pkg_check_modules(LIBDRM libdrm REQUIRED)
-            find_package(X11 REQUIRED)
-            pkg_check_modules(LIBVA-DRM libva-drm REQUIRED)
-            pkg_check_modules(LIBVA-X11 libva-x11 REQUIRED)
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES
-                ${LIBDRM_LIBRARIES}
-                ${X11_LIBRARIES}
-                ${LIBVA-DRM_LIBRARIES}
-                ${LIBVA-X11_LIBRARIES}
-                ${LIBVA_LIBRARIES})
-            set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
-                --enable-hwaccel=h264_vaapi
-                --enable-hwaccel=vp8_vaapi
-                --enable-hwaccel=vp9_vaapi
-                --enable-libdrm)
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS
-                ${LIBDRM_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-                ${X11_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-                ${LIBVA-DRM_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-                ${LIBVA-X11_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-                ${LIBVA_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-            )
-            message(STATUS "VA-API found")
-        else()
-            set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS --disable-vaapi)
-        endif()
-
-        if (FFNVCODEC_FOUND AND CUDA_FOUND)
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
-                --enable-cuvid
-                --enable-ffnvcodec
-                --enable-nvdec
-                --enable-hwaccel=h264_nvdec
-                --enable-hwaccel=vp8_nvdec
-                --enable-hwaccel=vp9_nvdec
-                --extra-cflags=-I${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-            )
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES
-                ${FFNVCODEC_LIBRARIES}
-                ${CUDA_LIBRARIES}
-            )
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS
-                ${FFNVCODEC_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-                ${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-            )
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS
-                ${FFNVCODEC_LDFLAGS}
-                ${CUDA_LDFLAGS}
-            )
-            message(STATUS "ffnvcodec libraries version ${FFNVCODEC_VERSION} found")
-        endif()
-
-        if (VDPAU_FOUND)
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
-                --enable-vdpau
-                --enable-hwaccel=h264_vdpau
-                --enable-hwaccel=vp9_vdpau
-            )
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES ${VDPAU_LIBRARIES})
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS ${VDPAU_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS ${VDPAU_LDFLAGS})
-            message(STATUS "vdpau libraries version ${VDPAU_VERSION} found")
-        else()
-            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS --disable-vdpau)
-        endif()
-
-        # `configure` parameters builds only exactly what yuzu needs from FFmpeg
-        # `--disable-vdpau` is needed to avoid linking issues
-        add_custom_command(
-            OUTPUT
-                ${FFmpeg_MAKEFILE}
-            COMMAND
-                /bin/bash ${FFmpeg_PREFIX}/configure
-                    --disable-avdevice
-                    --disable-avfilter
-                    --disable-avformat
-                    --disable-doc
-                    --disable-everything
-                    --disable-ffmpeg
-                    --disable-ffprobe
-                    --disable-network
-                    --disable-postproc
-                    --disable-swresample
-                    --enable-decoder=h264
-                    --enable-decoder=vp8
-                    --enable-decoder=vp9
-                    --cc="${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}"
-                    --cxx="${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
-                    ${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS}
-            WORKING_DIRECTORY
-                ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}
-        )
-        unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
-
-        # Workaround for Ubuntu 18.04's older version of make not being able to call make as a child
-        # with context of the jobserver. Also helps ninja users.
-        execute_process(
-            COMMAND
-                nproc
-            OUTPUT_VARIABLE
-                SYSTEM_THREADS)
-
-        set(FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES ${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES})
-        add_custom_command(
-            OUTPUT
-                ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES}
-            COMMAND
-                make -j${SYSTEM_THREADS}
-            WORKING_DIRECTORY
-                ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}
-        )
-
-        set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR
-            "${FFmpeg_PREFIX};${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR};${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS}"
-            CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg headers" FORCE)
-
-        set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS
-            "${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS}"
-            CACHE STRING "FFmpeg linker flags" FORCE)
-
-        # ALL makes this custom target build every time
-        # but it won't actually build if the DEPENDS parameter is up to date
-        add_custom_target(ffmpeg-configure ALL DEPENDS ${FFmpeg_MAKEFILE})
-        add_custom_target(ffmpeg-build ALL DEPENDS ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES} ffmpeg-configure)
-        link_libraries(${FFmpeg_LIBVA_LIBRARIES})
-        set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES} ${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES}
-            CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
-        unset(FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES)
-        unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
-        unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS)
-        unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS)
-        unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES)
-
-        if (FFmpeg_FOUND)
-            message(STATUS "Found FFmpeg version ${FFmpeg_VERSION}")
-        else()
-            message(FATAL_ERROR "FFmpeg not found")
-        endif()
-    else() # WIN32
-        # Use yuzu FFmpeg binaries
-        set(FFmpeg_EXT_NAME "ffmpeg-4.4")
-        set(FFmpeg_PATH "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/externals/${FFmpeg_EXT_NAME}")
-        download_bundled_external("ffmpeg/" ${FFmpeg_EXT_NAME} "")
-        set(FFmpeg_FOUND YES)
-        set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/include" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg headers" FORCE)
-        set(FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/bin" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg library directory" FORCE)
-        set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS "" CACHE STRING "FFmpeg linker flags" FORCE)
-        set(FFmpeg_DLL_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/bin" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg dll's" FORCE)
-        set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES
-            ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/swscale.lib
-            ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/avcodec.lib
-            ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/avutil.lib
-            CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
-    endif()
-endif()
-
-unset(FFmpeg_COMPONENTS)
-
 # Prefer the -pthread flag on Linux.
 set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
 find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
@@ -11,9 +11,15 @@ find_package(Git QUIET PATHS "${GIT_EXECUTABLE}")

 # generate git/build information
 include(GetGitRevisionDescription)
-get_git_head_revision(GIT_REF_SPEC GIT_REV)
-git_describe(GIT_DESC --always --long --dirty)
-git_branch_name(GIT_BRANCH)
+if(NOT GIT_REF_SPEC)
+    get_git_head_revision(GIT_REF_SPEC GIT_REV)
+endif()
+if(NOT GIT_DESC)
+    git_describe(GIT_DESC --always --long --dirty)
+endif()
+if (NOT GIT_BRANCH)
+  git_branch_name(GIT_BRANCH)
+endif()
 get_timestamp(BUILD_DATE)

 # Generate cpp with Git revision from template
@@ -13,10 +13,6 @@ if (ARCHITECTURE_x86 OR ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
    target_compile_definitions(xbyak INTERFACE XBYAK_NO_OP_NAMES)
 endif()

-# Catch
-add_library(catch-single-include INTERFACE)
-target_include_directories(catch-single-include INTERFACE catch/single_include)
-
 # Dynarmic
 if (ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
    set(DYNARMIC_TESTS OFF)
@@ -52,11 +48,12 @@ endif()
 # SDL2
 if (YUZU_USE_EXTERNAL_SDL2)
    if (NOT WIN32)
-        # Yuzu itself needs: Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Timers Audio
+        # Yuzu itself needs: Atomic Audio Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Threads Timers
+        # Since 2.0.18 Atomic+Threads required for HIDAPI/libusb (see https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/5095)
        # Yuzu-cmd also needs: Video (depends on Loadso/Dlopen)
        set(SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS
-            Atomic Render Power Threads
-            File CPUinfo Filesystem Locale)
+            CPUinfo File Filesystem
+            Locale Power Render)
        foreach(_SUB ${SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS})
          string(TOUPPER ${_SUB} _OPT)
          option(SDL_${_OPT} "" OFF)
@@ -116,8 +113,17 @@ if (ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE)
 endif()

 # Opus
-find_package(opus 1.3)
-if (NOT opus_FOUND)
-    message(STATUS "opus 1.3 or newer not found, falling back to externals")
+if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_OPUS)
    add_subdirectory(opus EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
+else()
+    find_package(opus 1.3 REQUIRED)
+endif()
+
+# FFMpeg
+if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG)
+    add_subdirectory(ffmpeg)
+    set(FFmpeg_PATH "${FFmpeg_PATH}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS "${FFmpeg_LDFLAGS}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES "${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR "${FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR}" PARENT_SCOPE)
 endif()
@@ -747,12 +747,12 @@ AF1 sharpness){
  // Immediate constants for peak range.
  AF2 peakC=AF2(1.0,-1.0*4.0);
  // Limiters, these need to be high precision RCPs.
-  AF1 hitMinR=mn4R*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4R);
-  AF1 hitMinG=mn4G*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4G);
-  AF1 hitMinB=mn4B*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4B);
-  AF1 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-mx4R)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
-  AF1 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-mx4G)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
-  AF1 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-mx4B)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
+  AF1 hitMinR=min(mn4R,eR)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4R);
+  AF1 hitMinG=min(mn4G,eG)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4G);
+  AF1 hitMinB=min(mn4B,eB)*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mx4B);
+  AF1 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-max(mx4R,eR))*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
+  AF1 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-max(mx4G,eG))*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
+  AF1 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-max(mx4B,eB))*ARcpF1(AF1_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
  AF1 lobeR=max(-hitMinR,hitMaxR);
  AF1 lobeG=max(-hitMinG,hitMaxG);
  AF1 lobeB=max(-hitMinB,hitMaxB);
@@ -845,12 +845,12 @@ AF1 sharpness){
  // Immediate constants for peak range.
  AH2 peakC=AH2(1.0,-1.0*4.0);
  // Limiters, these need to be high precision RCPs.
-  AH1 hitMinR=mn4R*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4R);
-  AH1 hitMinG=mn4G*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4G);
-  AH1 hitMinB=mn4B*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4B);
-  AH1 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-mx4R)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
-  AH1 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-mx4G)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
-  AH1 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-mx4B)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
+  AH1 hitMinR=min(mn4R,eR)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4R);
+  AH1 hitMinG=min(mn4G,eG)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4G);
+  AH1 hitMinB=min(mn4B,eB)*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mx4B);
+  AH1 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-max(mx4R,eR))*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
+  AH1 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-max(mx4G,eG))*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
+  AH1 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-max(mx4B,eB))*ARcpH1(AH1_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
  AH1 lobeR=max(-hitMinR,hitMaxR);
  AH1 lobeG=max(-hitMinG,hitMaxG);
  AH1 lobeB=max(-hitMinB,hitMaxB);
@@ -963,12 +963,12 @@ AF1 sharpness){
  // Immediate constants for peak range.
  AH2 peakC=AH2(1.0,-1.0*4.0);
  // Limiters, these need to be high precision RCPs.
-  AH2 hitMinR=mn4R*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4R);
-  AH2 hitMinG=mn4G*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4G);
-  AH2 hitMinB=mn4B*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4B);
-  AH2 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-mx4R)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
-  AH2 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-mx4G)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
-  AH2 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-mx4B)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
+  AH2 hitMinR=min(mn4R,eR)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4R);
+  AH2 hitMinG=min(mn4G,eG)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4G);
+  AH2 hitMinB=min(mn4B,eB)*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mx4B);
+  AH2 hitMaxR=(peakC.x-max(mx4R,eR))*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4R+peakC.y);
+  AH2 hitMaxG=(peakC.x-max(mx4G,eG))*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4G+peakC.y);
+  AH2 hitMaxB=(peakC.x-max(mx4B,eB))*ARcpH2(AH2_(4.0)*mn4B+peakC.y);
  AH2 lobeR=max(-hitMinR,hitMaxR);
  AH2 lobeG=max(-hitMinG,hitMaxG);
  AH2 lobeB=max(-hitMinB,hitMaxB);
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+if (NOT WIN32)
+    # Build FFmpeg from externals
+    message(STATUS "Using FFmpeg from externals")
+
+    if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "(x86_64|amd64)")
+        # FFmpeg has source that requires one of nasm or yasm to assemble it.
+        # REQUIRED throws an error if not found here during configuration rather than during compilation.
+        find_program(ASSEMBLER NAMES nasm yasm)
+        if ("${ASSEMBLER}" STREQUAL "ASSEMBLER-NOTFOUND")
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "One of either `nasm` or `yasm` not found but is required.")
+        endif()
+    endif()
+
+    find_program(AUTOCONF autoconf)
+    if ("${AUTOCONF}" STREQUAL "AUTOCONF-NOTFOUND")
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Required program `autoconf` not found.")
+    endif()
+
+    set(FFmpeg_PREFIX ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg/ffmpeg)
+    set(FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/externals/ffmpeg-build)
+    set(FFmpeg_MAKEFILE ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}/Makefile)
+    make_directory(${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR})
+
+    # Read version string from external
+    file(READ ${FFmpeg_PREFIX}/RELEASE FFmpeg_VERSION)
+    set(FFmpeg_FOUND NO)
+    if (NOT FFmpeg_VERSION STREQUAL "")
+        set(FFmpeg_FOUND YES)
+    endif()
+
+    unset(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES CACHE)
+    foreach(COMPONENT ${FFmpeg_COMPONENTS})
+        set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_PREFIX "${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}/lib${COMPONENT}")
+        set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIB_NAME "lib${COMPONENT}.a")
+        set(FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIBRARY "${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_PREFIX}/${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIB_NAME}")
+
+        set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES
+            ${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES}
+            ${FFmpeg_${COMPONENT}_LIBRARY}
+            CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
+    endforeach()
+
+    Include(FindPkgConfig REQUIRED)
+    pkg_check_modules(LIBVA libva)
+    pkg_check_modules(CUDA cuda)
+    pkg_check_modules(FFNVCODEC ffnvcodec)
+    pkg_check_modules(VDPAU vdpau)
+
+    set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES)
+    set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
+    set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS)
+    set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS)
+
+    if(LIBVA_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBDRM libdrm REQUIRED)
+        find_package(X11 REQUIRED)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBVA-DRM libva-drm REQUIRED)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBVA-X11 libva-x11 REQUIRED)
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES
+            ${LIBDRM_LIBRARIES}
+            ${X11_LIBRARIES}
+            ${LIBVA-DRM_LIBRARIES}
+            ${LIBVA-X11_LIBRARIES}
+            ${LIBVA_LIBRARIES})
+        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
+            --enable-hwaccel=h264_vaapi
+            --enable-hwaccel=vp8_vaapi
+            --enable-hwaccel=vp9_vaapi
+            --enable-libdrm)
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS
+            ${LIBDRM_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+            ${X11_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+            ${LIBVA-DRM_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+            ${LIBVA-X11_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+            ${LIBVA_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+        )
+        message(STATUS "VA-API found")
+    else()
+        set(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS --disable-vaapi)
+    endif()
+
+    if (FFNVCODEC_FOUND)
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
+            --enable-cuvid
+            --enable-ffnvcodec
+            --enable-nvdec
+            --enable-hwaccel=h264_nvdec
+            --enable-hwaccel=vp8_nvdec
+            --enable-hwaccel=vp9_nvdec
+        )
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES ${FFNVCODEC_LIBRARIES})
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS ${FFNVCODEC_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS ${FFNVCODEC_LDFLAGS})
+        message(STATUS "ffnvcodec libraries version ${FFNVCODEC_VERSION} found")
+        # ffnvenc could load CUDA libraries at the runtime using dlopen/dlsym or LoadLibrary/GetProcAddress
+        # here we handle the hard-linking senario where CUDA is linked during compilation
+        if (CUDA_FOUND)
+            # This line causes build error if CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS is anything but a single non-empty value
+            #list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS --extra-cflags=-I${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES ${CUDA_LIBRARIES})
+            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS ${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+            list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS ${CUDA_LDFLAGS})
+            message(STATUS "CUDA libraries found, hard-linking will be performed")
+        endif(CUDA_FOUND)
+    endif()
+
+    if (VDPAU_FOUND)
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS
+            --enable-vdpau
+            --enable-hwaccel=h264_vdpau
+            --enable-hwaccel=vp9_vdpau
+        )
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES ${VDPAU_LIBRARIES})
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS ${VDPAU_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS ${VDPAU_LDFLAGS})
+        message(STATUS "vdpau libraries version ${VDPAU_VERSION} found")
+    else()
+        list(APPEND FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS --disable-vdpau)
+    endif()
+
+    # `configure` parameters builds only exactly what yuzu needs from FFmpeg
+    # `--disable-vdpau` is needed to avoid linking issues
+    set(FFmpeg_CC ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER}  ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER})
+    set(FFmpeg_CXX ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER}  ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER})
+    add_custom_command(
+        OUTPUT
+            ${FFmpeg_MAKEFILE}
+        COMMAND
+            /bin/bash ${FFmpeg_PREFIX}/configure
+                --disable-avdevice
+                --disable-avfilter
+                --disable-avformat
+                --disable-doc
+                --disable-everything
+                --disable-ffmpeg
+                --disable-ffprobe
+                --disable-network
+                --disable-postproc
+                --disable-swresample
+                --enable-decoder=h264
+                --enable-decoder=vp8
+                --enable-decoder=vp9
+                --cc="${FFmpeg_CC}"
+                --cxx="${FFmpeg_CXX}"
+                ${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY
+            ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}
+    )
+    unset(FFmpeg_CC)
+    unset(FFmpeg_CXX)
+    unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
+
+    # Workaround for Ubuntu 18.04's older version of make not being able to call make as a child
+    # with context of the jobserver. Also helps ninja users.
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND
+            nproc
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE
+            SYSTEM_THREADS)
+
+    set(FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES ${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES})
+    add_custom_command(
+        OUTPUT
+            ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES}
+        COMMAND
+            make -j${SYSTEM_THREADS}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY
+            ${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR}
+    )
+
+    set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR
+        "${FFmpeg_PREFIX};${FFmpeg_BUILD_DIR};${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS}"
+        CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg headers" FORCE)
+
+    set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS
+        "${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS}"
+        CACHE STRING "FFmpeg linker flags" FORCE)
+
+    # ALL makes this custom target build every time
+    # but it won't actually build if the DEPENDS parameter is up to date
+    add_custom_target(ffmpeg-configure ALL DEPENDS ${FFmpeg_MAKEFILE})
+    add_custom_target(ffmpeg-build ALL DEPENDS ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES} ffmpeg-configure)
+    link_libraries(${FFmpeg_LIBVA_LIBRARIES})
+    set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES ${FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES} ${FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES}
+        CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
+    unset(FFmpeg_BUILD_LIBRARIES)
+    unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_FLAGS)
+    unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_INCLUDE_DIRS)
+    unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LDFLAGS)
+    unset(FFmpeg_HWACCEL_LIBRARIES)
+
+    if (FFmpeg_FOUND)
+        message(STATUS "Found FFmpeg version ${FFmpeg_VERSION}")
+    else()
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "FFmpeg not found")
+    endif()
+else(WIN32)
+    # Use yuzu FFmpeg binaries
+    set(FFmpeg_EXT_NAME "ffmpeg-4.4")
+    set(FFmpeg_PATH "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/externals/${FFmpeg_EXT_NAME}")
+    download_bundled_external("ffmpeg/" ${FFmpeg_EXT_NAME} "")
+    set(FFmpeg_FOUND YES)
+    set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/include" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg headers" FORCE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/bin" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg library directory" FORCE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS "" CACHE STRING "FFmpeg linker flags" FORCE)
+    set(FFmpeg_DLL_DIR "${FFmpeg_PATH}/bin" CACHE PATH "Path to FFmpeg dll's" FORCE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES
+    ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/swscale.lib
+    ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/avcodec.lib
+    ${FFmpeg_LIBRARY_DIR}/avutil.lib
+    CACHE PATH "Paths to FFmpeg libraries" FORCE)
+    # exported variables
+    set(FFmpeg_PATH "${FFmpeg_PATH}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LDFLAGS "${FFmpeg_LDFLAGS}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_LIBRARIES "${FFmpeg_LIBRARIES}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+    set(FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR "${FFmpeg_INCLUDE_DIR}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+endif()
+
+unset(FFmpeg_COMPONENTS)
@@ -151,7 +151,10 @@ add_subdirectory(audio_core)
 add_subdirectory(video_core)
 add_subdirectory(input_common)
 add_subdirectory(shader_recompiler)
-add_subdirectory(tests)
+
+if (YUZU_TESTS)
+    add_subdirectory(tests)
+endif()

 if (ENABLE_SDL2)
    add_subdirectory(yuzu_cmd)
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ constexpr ResultCode ERR_INVALID_PARAMETERS{ErrorModule::Audio, 41};
 constexpr ResultCode ERR_SPLITTER_SORT_FAILED{ErrorModule::Audio, 43};
 } // namespace Audren

-constexpr u32_le CURRENT_PROCESS_REVISION = Common::MakeMagic('R', 'E', 'V', '9');
+constexpr u8 BASE_REVISION = '0';
+constexpr u32_le CURRENT_PROCESS_REVISION =
+    Common::MakeMagic('R', 'E', 'V', static_cast<u8>(BASE_REVISION + 0xA));
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_MIX_BUFFERS = 24;
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_BIQUAD_FILTERS = 2;
 constexpr std::size_t MAX_CHANNEL_COUNT = 6;
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ static void VolumeAdjustSamples(std::vector<s16>& samples, float game_volume) {
        return;
    }

-    // Implementation of a volume slider with a dynamic range of 60 dB
-    const float volume_scale_factor = volume == 0 ? 0 : std::exp(6.90775f * volume) * 0.001f;
+    // Perceived volume is not the same as the volume level
+    const float volume_scale_factor = (0.85f * ((volume * volume) - volume)) + volume;
    for (auto& sample : samples) {
        sample = static_cast<s16>(sample * volume_scale_factor);
    }
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@ add_custom_command(OUTPUT scm_rev.cpp
      -DTITLE_BAR_FORMAT_RUNNING=${TITLE_BAR_FORMAT_RUNNING}
      -DBUILD_TAG=${BUILD_TAG}
      -DBUILD_ID=${DISPLAY_VERSION}
+      -DGIT_REF_SPEC=${GIT_REF_SPEC}
+      -DGIT_REV=${GIT_REV}
+      -DGIT_DESC=${GIT_DESC}
+      -DGIT_BRANCH=${GIT_BRANCH}
+      -DBUILD_FULLNAME=${BUILD_FULLNAME}
      -DGIT_EXECUTABLE=${GIT_EXECUTABLE}
      -P ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/CMakeModules/GenerateSCMRev.cmake
    DEPENDS
@@ -80,6 +85,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
    logging/backend.h
    logging/filter.cpp
    logging/filter.h
+    logging/formatter.h
    logging/log.h
    logging/log_entry.h
    logging/text_formatter.cpp
@@ -45,10 +45,23 @@ template <typename T>
    return static_cast<u32>(log2_f + static_cast<u64>((value ^ (1ULL << log2_f)) != 0ULL));
 }

+template <typename T>
+requires std::is_unsigned_v<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsPow2(T value) {
+    return std::has_single_bit(value);
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 requires std::is_integral_v<T>
 [[nodiscard]] T NextPow2(T value) {
    return static_cast<T>(1ULL << ((8U * sizeof(T)) - std::countl_zero(value - 1U)));
 }

+template <size_t bit_index, typename T>
+requires std::is_integral_v<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool Bit(const T value) {
+    static_assert(bit_index < BitSize<T>(), "bit_index must be smaller than size of T");
+    return ((value >> bit_index) & T(1)) == T(1);
+}
+
 } // namespace Common
@@ -46,13 +46,3 @@ using GPUVAddr = u64; ///< Represents a pointer in the GPU virtual address space

 using u128 = std::array<std::uint64_t, 2>;
 static_assert(sizeof(u128) == 16, "u128 must be 128 bits wide");
-
-// An inheritable class to disallow the copy constructor and operator= functions
-class NonCopyable {
-protected:
-    constexpr NonCopyable() = default;
-    ~NonCopyable() = default;
-
-    NonCopyable(const NonCopyable&) = delete;
-    NonCopyable& operator=(const NonCopyable&) = delete;
-};
@@ -124,7 +124,10 @@ void Fiber::YieldTo(std::weak_ptr<Fiber> weak_from, Fiber& to) {

    // "from" might no longer be valid if the thread was killed
    if (auto from = weak_from.lock()) {
-        ASSERT(from->impl->previous_fiber != nullptr);
+        if (from->impl->previous_fiber == nullptr) {
+            ASSERT_MSG(false, "previous_fiber is nullptr!");
+            return;
+        }
        from->impl->previous_fiber->impl->context = transfer.fctx;
        from->impl->previous_fiber->impl->guard.unlock();
        from->impl->previous_fiber.reset();
@@ -188,9 +188,8 @@ public:

 #ifdef _WIN32
    template <typename Path>
-    [[nodiscard]] void Open(const Path& path, FileAccessMode mode,
-                            FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
-                            FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly) {
+    void Open(const Path& path, FileAccessMode mode, FileType type = FileType::BinaryFile,
+              FileShareFlag flag = FileShareFlag::ShareReadOnly) {
        using ValueType = typename Path::value_type;
        if constexpr (IsChar<ValueType>) {
            Open(ToU8String(path), mode, type, flag);
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ std::u8string BufferToU8String(std::span<const u8> buffer) {
    return std::u8string{buffer.begin(), std::ranges::find(buffer, u8{0})};
 }

+std::u8string_view BufferToU8StringView(std::span<const u8> buffer) {
+    return std::u8string_view{reinterpret_cast<const char8_t*>(buffer.data())};
+}
+
 std::string ToUTF8String(std::u8string_view u8_string) {
    return std::string{u8_string.begin(), u8_string.end()};
 }
@@ -24,6 +28,10 @@ std::string BufferToUTF8String(std::span<const u8> buffer) {
    return std::string{buffer.begin(), std::ranges::find(buffer, u8{0})};
 }

+std::string_view BufferToUTF8StringView(std::span<const u8> buffer) {
+    return std::string_view{reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buffer.data())};
+}
+
 std::string PathToUTF8String(const std::filesystem::path& path) {
    return ToUTF8String(path.u8string());
 }
@@ -37,6 +37,15 @@ concept IsChar = std::same_as<T, char>;
 */
 [[nodiscard]] std::u8string BufferToU8String(std::span<const u8> buffer);

+/**
+ * Same as BufferToU8String, but returns a string view of the buffer.
+ *
+ * @param buffer Buffer of bytes
+ *
+ * @returns UTF-8 encoded std::u8string_view.
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] std::u8string_view BufferToU8StringView(std::span<const u8> buffer);
+
 /**
 * Converts a std::u8string or std::u8string_view to a UTF-8 encoded std::string.
 *
@@ -57,6 +66,15 @@ concept IsChar = std::same_as<T, char>;
 */
 [[nodiscard]] std::string BufferToUTF8String(std::span<const u8> buffer);

+/**
+ * Same as BufferToUTF8String, but returns a string view of the buffer.
+ *
+ * @param buffer Buffer of bytes
+ *
+ * @returns UTF-8 encoded std::string_view.
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view BufferToUTF8StringView(std::span<const u8> buffer);
+
 /**
 * Converts a filesystem path to a UTF-8 encoded std::string.
 *
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ private:
    bool IsNiechePlaceholder(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) const {
        const auto it = placeholders.upper_bound({virtual_offset, virtual_offset + length});
        if (it != placeholders.end() && it->lower() == virtual_offset + length) {
-            const bool is_root = it == placeholders.begin() && virtual_offset == 0;
-            return is_root || std::prev(it)->upper() == virtual_offset;
+            return it == placeholders.begin() ? virtual_offset == 0
+                                              : std::prev(it)->upper() == virtual_offset;
        }
        return false;
    }
@@ -209,6 +209,15 @@ enum class ButtonNames {
    Triangle,
    Share,
    Options,
+    Home,
+    Touch,
+
+    // Mouse buttons
+    ButtonMouseWheel,
+    ButtonBackward,
+    ButtonForward,
+    ButtonTask,
+    ButtonExtra,
 };

 // Callback data consisting of an input type and the equivalent data status
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@

 #pragma once

+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/parent_of_member.h"
 #include "common/tree.h"

@@ -15,32 +17,33 @@ class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

 }

+#pragma pack(push, 4)
 struct IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode {
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode);
+
 public:
-    using EntryType = RBEntry<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode>;
-
-    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode() = default;
-
-    void SetEntry(const EntryType& new_entry) {
-        entry = new_entry;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] EntryType& GetEntry() {
-        return entry;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] const EntryType& GetEntry() const {
-        return entry;
-    }
+    using RBEntry = freebsd::RBEntry<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode>;

 private:
-    EntryType entry{};
+    RBEntry m_entry;

-    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;
+public:
+    explicit IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode() = default;

-    template <class, class, class>
-    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr RBEntry& GetRBEntry() {
+        return m_entry;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const RBEntry& GetRBEntry() const {
+        return m_entry;
+    }
+
+    constexpr void SetRBEntry(const RBEntry& entry) {
+        m_entry = entry;
+    }
 };
+static_assert(sizeof(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode) ==
+              3 * sizeof(void*) + std::max<size_t>(sizeof(freebsd::RBColor), 4));
+#pragma pack(pop)

 template <class T, class Traits, class Comparator>
 class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;
@@ -48,12 +51,17 @@ class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;
 namespace impl {

 class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl {
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl);
+
 private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class ::Common::IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

-    using RootType = RBHead<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode>;
-    RootType root;
+private:
+    using RootType = freebsd::RBHead<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode>;
+
+private:
+    RootType m_root;

 public:
    template <bool Const>
@@ -81,149 +89,150 @@ public:
                                             IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::reference>;

    private:
-        pointer node;
+        pointer m_node;

    public:
-        explicit Iterator(pointer n) : node(n) {}
+        constexpr explicit Iterator(pointer n) : m_node(n) {}

-        bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
-            return this->node == rhs.node;
+        constexpr bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
+            return m_node == rhs.m_node;
        }

-        bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
+        constexpr bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return !(*this == rhs);
        }

-        pointer operator->() const {
-            return this->node;
+        constexpr pointer operator->() const {
+            return m_node;
        }

-        reference operator*() const {
-            return *this->node;
+        constexpr reference operator*() const {
+            return *m_node;
        }

-        Iterator& operator++() {
-            this->node = GetNext(this->node);
+        constexpr Iterator& operator++() {
+            m_node = GetNext(m_node);
            return *this;
        }

-        Iterator& operator--() {
-            this->node = GetPrev(this->node);
+        constexpr Iterator& operator--() {
+            m_node = GetPrev(m_node);
            return *this;
        }

-        Iterator operator++(int) {
+        constexpr Iterator operator++(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            ++(*this);
            return it;
        }

-        Iterator operator--(int) {
+        constexpr Iterator operator--(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            --(*this);
            return it;
        }

-        operator Iterator<true>() const {
-            return Iterator<true>(this->node);
+        constexpr operator Iterator<true>() const {
+            return Iterator<true>(m_node);
        }
    };

 private:
-    // Define accessors using RB_* functions.
-    bool EmptyImpl() const {
-        return root.IsEmpty();
+    constexpr bool EmptyImpl() const {
+        return m_root.IsEmpty();
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMinImpl() const {
-        return RB_MIN(const_cast<RootType*>(&root));
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMinImpl() const {
+        return freebsd::RB_MIN(const_cast<RootType&>(m_root));
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMaxImpl() const {
-        return RB_MAX(const_cast<RootType*>(&root));
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMaxImpl() const {
+        return freebsd::RB_MAX(const_cast<RootType&>(m_root));
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* RemoveImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return RB_REMOVE(&root, node);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* RemoveImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return freebsd::RB_REMOVE(m_root, node);
    }

 public:
-    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNext(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return RB_NEXT(node);
+    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNext(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return freebsd::RB_NEXT(node);
    }

-    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetPrev(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return RB_PREV(node);
+    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetPrev(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return freebsd::RB_PREV(node);
    }

-    static const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNext(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNext(
+        IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
            GetNext(const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node)));
    }

-    static const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetPrev(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetPrev(
+        IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
            GetPrev(const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node)));
    }

 public:
-    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl() {}
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl() = default;

    // Iterator accessors.
-    iterator begin() {
+    constexpr iterator begin() {
        return iterator(this->GetMinImpl());
    }

-    const_iterator begin() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator begin() const {
        return const_iterator(this->GetMinImpl());
    }

-    iterator end() {
+    constexpr iterator end() {
        return iterator(static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(nullptr));
    }

-    const_iterator end() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator end() const {
        return const_iterator(static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(nullptr));
    }

-    const_iterator cbegin() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const {
        return this->begin();
    }

-    const_iterator cend() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator cend() const {
        return this->end();
    }

-    iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
-        return iterator(&ref);
+    constexpr iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
+        return iterator(std::addressof(ref));
    }

-    const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
-        return const_iterator(&ref);
+    constexpr const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
+        return const_iterator(std::addressof(ref));
    }

    // Content management.
-    bool empty() const {
+    constexpr bool empty() const {
        return this->EmptyImpl();
    }

-    reference back() {
+    constexpr reference back() {
        return *this->GetMaxImpl();
    }

-    const_reference back() const {
+    constexpr const_reference back() const {
        return *this->GetMaxImpl();
    }

-    reference front() {
+    constexpr reference front() {
        return *this->GetMinImpl();
    }

-    const_reference front() const {
+    constexpr const_reference front() const {
        return *this->GetMinImpl();
    }

-    iterator erase(iterator it) {
+    constexpr iterator erase(iterator it) {
        auto cur = std::addressof(*it);
        auto next = GetNext(cur);
        this->RemoveImpl(cur);
@@ -234,16 +243,16 @@ public:
 } // namespace impl

 template <typename T>
-concept HasLightCompareType = requires {
-    { std::is_same<typename T::LightCompareType, void>::value } -> std::convertible_to<bool>;
+concept HasRedBlackKeyType = requires {
+    { std::is_same<typename T::RedBlackKeyType, void>::value } -> std::convertible_to<bool>;
 };

 namespace impl {

    template <typename T, typename Default>
-    consteval auto* GetLightCompareType() {
-        if constexpr (HasLightCompareType<T>) {
-            return static_cast<typename T::LightCompareType*>(nullptr);
+    consteval auto* GetRedBlackKeyType() {
+        if constexpr (HasRedBlackKeyType<T>) {
+            return static_cast<typename T::RedBlackKeyType*>(nullptr);
        } else {
            return static_cast<Default*>(nullptr);
        }
@@ -252,16 +261,17 @@ namespace impl {
 } // namespace impl

 template <typename T, typename Default>
-using LightCompareType = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(impl::GetLightCompareType<T, Default>())>;
+using RedBlackKeyType = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(impl::GetRedBlackKeyType<T, Default>())>;

 template <class T, class Traits, class Comparator>
 class IntrusiveRedBlackTree {
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(IntrusiveRedBlackTree);

 public:
    using ImplType = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

 private:
-    ImplType impl{};
+    ImplType m_impl;

 public:
    template <bool Const>
@@ -277,9 +287,9 @@ public:
    using iterator = Iterator<false>;
    using const_iterator = Iterator<true>;

-    using light_value_type = LightCompareType<Comparator, value_type>;
-    using const_light_pointer = const light_value_type*;
-    using const_light_reference = const light_value_type&;
+    using key_type = RedBlackKeyType<Comparator, value_type>;
+    using const_key_pointer = const key_type*;
+    using const_key_reference = const key_type&;

    template <bool Const>
    class Iterator {
@@ -298,183 +308,201 @@ public:
                                             IntrusiveRedBlackTree::reference>;

    private:
-        ImplIterator iterator;
+        ImplIterator m_impl;

    private:
-        explicit Iterator(ImplIterator it) : iterator(it) {}
+        constexpr explicit Iterator(ImplIterator it) : m_impl(it) {}

-        explicit Iterator(typename std::conditional<Const, ImplType::const_iterator,
-                                                    ImplType::iterator>::type::pointer ptr)
-            : iterator(ptr) {}
+        constexpr explicit Iterator(typename ImplIterator::pointer p) : m_impl(p) {}

-        ImplIterator GetImplIterator() const {
-            return this->iterator;
+        constexpr ImplIterator GetImplIterator() const {
+            return m_impl;
        }

    public:
-        bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
-            return this->iterator == rhs.iterator;
+        constexpr bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
+            return m_impl == rhs.m_impl;
        }

-        bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
+        constexpr bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return !(*this == rhs);
        }

-        pointer operator->() const {
-            return Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*this->iterator));
+        constexpr pointer operator->() const {
+            return Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*m_impl));
        }

-        reference operator*() const {
-            return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*this->iterator));
+        constexpr reference operator*() const {
+            return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*m_impl));
        }

-        Iterator& operator++() {
-            ++this->iterator;
+        constexpr Iterator& operator++() {
+            ++m_impl;
            return *this;
        }

-        Iterator& operator--() {
-            --this->iterator;
+        constexpr Iterator& operator--() {
+            --m_impl;
            return *this;
        }

-        Iterator operator++(int) {
+        constexpr Iterator operator++(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
-            ++this->iterator;
+            ++m_impl;
            return it;
        }

-        Iterator operator--(int) {
+        constexpr Iterator operator--(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
-            --this->iterator;
+            --m_impl;
            return it;
        }

-        operator Iterator<true>() const {
-            return Iterator<true>(this->iterator);
+        constexpr operator Iterator<true>() const {
+            return Iterator<true>(m_impl);
        }
    };

 private:
-    static int CompareImpl(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* lhs,
-                           const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
+    static constexpr int CompareImpl(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* lhs,
+                                     const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
        return Comparator::Compare(*Traits::GetParent(lhs), *Traits::GetParent(rhs));
    }

-    static int LightCompareImpl(const void* elm, const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
-        return Comparator::Compare(*static_cast<const_light_pointer>(elm), *Traits::GetParent(rhs));
+    static constexpr int CompareKeyImpl(const_key_reference key,
+                                        const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
+        return Comparator::Compare(key, *Traits::GetParent(rhs));
    }

    // Define accessors using RB_* functions.
-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* InsertImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return RB_INSERT(&impl.root, node, CompareImpl);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* InsertImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return freebsd::RB_INSERT(m_impl.m_root, node, CompareImpl);
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindImpl(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) const {
-        return RB_FIND(const_cast<ImplType::RootType*>(&impl.root),
-                       const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node), CompareImpl);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_FIND(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root),
+                                const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node), CompareImpl);
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindImpl(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) const {
-        return RB_NFIND(const_cast<ImplType::RootType*>(&impl.root),
-                        const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node), CompareImpl);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_NFIND(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root),
+                                 const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node), CompareImpl);
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindLightImpl(const_light_pointer lelm) const {
-        return RB_FIND_LIGHT(const_cast<ImplType::RootType*>(&impl.root),
-                             static_cast<const void*>(lelm), LightCompareImpl);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindKeyImpl(const_key_reference key) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_FIND_KEY(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root), key,
+                                    CompareKeyImpl);
    }

-    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindLightImpl(const_light_pointer lelm) const {
-        return RB_NFIND_LIGHT(const_cast<ImplType::RootType*>(&impl.root),
-                              static_cast<const void*>(lelm), LightCompareImpl);
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindKeyImpl(const_key_reference key) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_NFIND_KEY(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root), key,
+                                     CompareKeyImpl);
+    }
+
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindExistingImpl(
+        IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_FIND_EXISTING(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root),
+                                         const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node), CompareImpl);
+    }
+
+    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindExistingKeyImpl(const_key_reference key) const {
+        return freebsd::RB_FIND_EXISTING_KEY(const_cast<ImplType::RootType&>(m_impl.m_root), key,
+                                             CompareKeyImpl);
    }

 public:
    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTree() = default;

    // Iterator accessors.
-    iterator begin() {
-        return iterator(this->impl.begin());
+    constexpr iterator begin() {
+        return iterator(m_impl.begin());
    }

-    const_iterator begin() const {
-        return const_iterator(this->impl.begin());
+    constexpr const_iterator begin() const {
+        return const_iterator(m_impl.begin());
    }

-    iterator end() {
-        return iterator(this->impl.end());
+    constexpr iterator end() {
+        return iterator(m_impl.end());
    }

-    const_iterator end() const {
-        return const_iterator(this->impl.end());
+    constexpr const_iterator end() const {
+        return const_iterator(m_impl.end());
    }

-    const_iterator cbegin() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const {
        return this->begin();
    }

-    const_iterator cend() const {
+    constexpr const_iterator cend() const {
        return this->end();
    }

-    iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
-        return iterator(this->impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
+    constexpr iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
+        return iterator(m_impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

-    const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
-        return const_iterator(this->impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
+    constexpr const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
+        return const_iterator(m_impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

    // Content management.
-    bool empty() const {
-        return this->impl.empty();
+    constexpr bool empty() const {
+        return m_impl.empty();
    }

-    reference back() {
-        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.back()));
+    constexpr reference back() {
+        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(m_impl.back()));
    }

-    const_reference back() const {
-        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.back()));
+    constexpr const_reference back() const {
+        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(m_impl.back()));
    }

-    reference front() {
-        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.front()));
+    constexpr reference front() {
+        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(m_impl.front()));
    }

-    const_reference front() const {
-        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.front()));
+    constexpr const_reference front() const {
+        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(m_impl.front()));
    }

-    iterator erase(iterator it) {
-        return iterator(this->impl.erase(it.GetImplIterator()));
+    constexpr iterator erase(iterator it) {
+        return iterator(m_impl.erase(it.GetImplIterator()));
    }

-    iterator insert(reference ref) {
+    constexpr iterator insert(reference ref) {
        ImplType::pointer node = Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref));
        this->InsertImpl(node);
        return iterator(node);
    }

-    iterator find(const_reference ref) const {
+    constexpr iterator find(const_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->FindImpl(Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

-    iterator nfind(const_reference ref) const {
+    constexpr iterator nfind(const_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->NFindImpl(Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

-    iterator find_light(const_light_reference ref) const {
-        return iterator(this->FindLightImpl(std::addressof(ref)));
+    constexpr iterator find_key(const_key_reference ref) const {
+        return iterator(this->FindKeyImpl(ref));
    }

-    iterator nfind_light(const_light_reference ref) const {
-        return iterator(this->NFindLightImpl(std::addressof(ref)));
+    constexpr iterator nfind_key(const_key_reference ref) const {
+        return iterator(this->NFindKeyImpl(ref));
+    }
+
+    constexpr iterator find_existing(const_reference ref) const {
+        return iterator(this->FindExistingImpl(Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
+    }
+
+    constexpr iterator find_existing_key(const_key_reference ref) const {
+        return iterator(this->FindExistingKeyImpl(ref));
    }
 };

-template <auto T, class Derived = impl::GetParentType<T>>
+template <auto T, class Derived = Common::impl::GetParentType<T>>
 class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraits;

 template <class Parent, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode Parent::*Member, class Derived>
@@ -498,19 +526,16 @@ private:
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

-    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
+    static Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return Common::GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }

-    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
+    static Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
+        return Common::GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }
-
-private:
-    static constexpr TypedStorage<Derived> DerivedStorage = {};
 };

-template <auto T, class Derived = impl::GetParentType<T>>
+template <auto T, class Derived = Common::impl::GetParentType<T>>
 class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraitsDeferredAssert;

 template <class Parent, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode Parent::*Member, class Derived>
@@ -521,11 +546,6 @@ public:
        IntrusiveRedBlackTree<Derived, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraitsDeferredAssert, Comparator>;
    using TreeTypeImpl = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

-    static constexpr bool IsValid() {
-        TypedStorage<Derived> DerivedStorage = {};
-        return GetParent(GetNode(GetPointer(DerivedStorage))) == GetPointer(DerivedStorage);
-    }
-
 private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;
@@ -540,30 +560,36 @@ private:
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

-    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
+    static Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
+        return Common::GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }

-    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
+    static Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
+        return Common::GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }
 };

 template <class Derived>
-class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode : public IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode {
+class alignas(void*) IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode : public IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode {
 public:
+    using IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode;
+
    constexpr Derived* GetPrev() {
-        return static_cast<Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this));
+        return static_cast<Derived*>(static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode*>(
+            impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this)));
    }
    constexpr const Derived* GetPrev() const {
-        return static_cast<const Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this));
+        return static_cast<const Derived*>(static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode*>(
+            impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this)));
    }

    constexpr Derived* GetNext() {
-        return static_cast<Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this));
+        return static_cast<Derived*>(static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode*>(
+            impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this)));
    }
    constexpr const Derived* GetNext() const {
-        return static_cast<const Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this));
+        return static_cast<const Derived*>(static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode*>(
+            impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this)));
    }
 };

@@ -581,19 +607,22 @@ private:
    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNode(Derived* parent) {
-        return static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(parent);
+        return static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
+            static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode<Derived>*>(parent));
    }

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNode(Derived const* parent) {
-        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(parent);
+        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
+            static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode<Derived>*>(parent));
    }

    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return static_cast<Derived*>(node);
+        return static_cast<Derived*>(static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode<Derived>*>(node));
    }

-    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
-        return static_cast<const Derived*>(node);
+    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
+        return static_cast<const Derived*>(
+            static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode<Derived>*>(node));
    }
 };

@@ -218,19 +218,17 @@ private:
    Impl(const std::filesystem::path& file_backend_filename, const Filter& filter_)
        : filter{filter_}, file_backend{file_backend_filename} {}

-    ~Impl() {
-        StopBackendThread();
-    }
+    ~Impl() = default;

    void StartBackendThread() {
-        backend_thread = std::thread([this] {
+        backend_thread = std::jthread([this](std::stop_token stop_token) {
            Common::SetCurrentThreadName("yuzu:Log");
            Entry entry;
            const auto write_logs = [this, &entry]() {
                ForEachBackend([&entry](Backend& backend) { backend.Write(entry); });
            };
-            while (!stop.stop_requested()) {
-                entry = message_queue.PopWait(stop.get_token());
+            while (!stop_token.stop_requested()) {
+                entry = message_queue.PopWait(stop_token);
                if (entry.filename != nullptr) {
                    write_logs();
                }
@@ -244,11 +242,6 @@ private:
        });
    }

-    void StopBackendThread() {
-        stop.request_stop();
-        backend_thread.join();
-    }
-
    Entry CreateEntry(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename, unsigned int line_nr,
                      const char* function, std::string&& message) const {
        using std::chrono::duration_cast;
@@ -283,10 +276,9 @@ private:
    ColorConsoleBackend color_console_backend{};
    FileBackend file_backend;

-    std::stop_source stop;
-    std::thread backend_thread;
    MPSCQueue<Entry, true> message_queue{};
    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point time_origin{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()};
+    std::jthread backend_thread;
 };
 } // namespace

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ bool ParseFilterRule(Filter& instance, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
    SUB(Service, Migration)                                                                        \
    SUB(Service, Mii)                                                                              \
    SUB(Service, MM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, MNPP)                                                                             \
    SUB(Service, NCM)                                                                              \
    SUB(Service, NFC)                                                                              \
    SUB(Service, NFP)                                                                              \
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include <fmt/format.h>
+
+// adapted from https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/2704
+// a generic formatter for enum classes
+#if FMT_VERSION >= 80100
+template <typename T>
+struct fmt::formatter<T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T>, char>>
+    : formatter<std::underlying_type_t<T>> {
+    template <typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const T& value, FormatContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+        return fmt::formatter<std::underlying_type_t<T>>::format(
+            static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<T>>(value), ctx);
+    }
+};
+#endif
@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <string_view>

-#include <fmt/core.h>
+#include <fmt/format.h>

+#include "common/logging/formatter.h"
 #include "common/logging/types.h"

 namespace Common::Log {
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ enum class Class : u8 {
    Service_Migration, ///< The migration service
    Service_Mii,       ///< The Mii service
    Service_MM,        ///< The MM (Multimedia) service
+    Service_MNPP,      ///< The MNPP service
    Service_NCM,       ///< The NCM service
    Service_NFC,       ///< The NFC (Near-field communication) service
    Service_NFP,       ///< The NFP service
@@ -10,11 +10,65 @@ PageTable::PageTable() = default;

 PageTable::~PageTable() noexcept = default;

-void PageTable::Resize(size_t address_space_width_in_bits, size_t page_size_in_bits) {
-    const size_t num_page_table_entries{1ULL << (address_space_width_in_bits - page_size_in_bits)};
+bool PageTable::BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& out_context,
+                               u64 address) const {
+    // Setup invalid defaults.
+    out_entry.phys_addr = 0;
+    out_entry.block_size = page_size;
+    out_context.next_page = 0;
+
+    // Validate that we can read the actual entry.
+    const auto page = address / page_size;
+    if (page >= backing_addr.size()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Validate that the entry is mapped.
+    const auto phys_addr = backing_addr[page];
+    if (phys_addr == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Populate the results.
+    out_entry.phys_addr = phys_addr + address;
+    out_context.next_page = page + 1;
+    out_context.next_offset = address + page_size;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool PageTable::ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& context) const {
+    // Setup invalid defaults.
+    out_entry.phys_addr = 0;
+    out_entry.block_size = page_size;
+
+    // Validate that we can read the actual entry.
+    const auto page = context.next_page;
+    if (page >= backing_addr.size()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Validate that the entry is mapped.
+    const auto phys_addr = backing_addr[page];
+    if (phys_addr == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Populate the results.
+    out_entry.phys_addr = phys_addr + context.next_offset;
+    context.next_page = page + 1;
+    context.next_offset += page_size;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void PageTable::Resize(std::size_t address_space_width_in_bits, std::size_t page_size_in_bits) {
+    const std::size_t num_page_table_entries{1ULL
+                                             << (address_space_width_in_bits - page_size_in_bits)};
    pointers.resize(num_page_table_entries);
    backing_addr.resize(num_page_table_entries);
    current_address_space_width_in_bits = address_space_width_in_bits;
+    page_size = 1ULL << page_size_in_bits;
 }

 } // namespace Common
@@ -27,6 +27,16 @@ enum class PageType : u8 {
 * mimics the way a real CPU page table works.
 */
 struct PageTable {
+    struct TraversalEntry {
+        u64 phys_addr{};
+        std::size_t block_size{};
+    };
+
+    struct TraversalContext {
+        u64 next_page{};
+        u64 next_offset{};
+    };
+
    /// Number of bits reserved for attribute tagging.
    /// This can be at most the guaranteed alignment of the pointers in the page table.
    static constexpr int ATTRIBUTE_BITS = 2;
@@ -89,6 +99,10 @@ struct PageTable {
    PageTable(PageTable&&) noexcept = default;
    PageTable& operator=(PageTable&&) noexcept = default;

+    bool BeginTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& out_context,
+                        u64 address) const;
+    bool ContinueTraversal(TraversalEntry& out_entry, TraversalContext& context) const;
+
    /**
     * Resizes the page table to be able to accommodate enough pages within
     * a given address space.
@@ -96,9 +110,9 @@ struct PageTable {
     * @param address_space_width_in_bits The address size width in bits.
     * @param page_size_in_bits           The page size in bits.
     */
-    void Resize(size_t address_space_width_in_bits, size_t page_size_in_bits);
+    void Resize(std::size_t address_space_width_in_bits, std::size_t page_size_in_bits);

-    size_t GetAddressSpaceBits() const {
+    std::size_t GetAddressSpaceBits() const {
        return current_address_space_width_in_bits;
    }

@@ -110,9 +124,11 @@ struct PageTable {

    VirtualBuffer<u64> backing_addr;

-    size_t current_address_space_width_in_bits;
+    std::size_t current_address_space_width_in_bits{};

-    u8* fastmem_arena;
+    u8* fastmem_arena{};
+
+    std::size_t page_size{};
 };

 } // namespace Common
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {

    // Core
    values.use_multi_core.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.use_extended_memory_layout.SetGlobal(true);

    // CPU
    values.cpu_accuracy.SetGlobal(true);
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.SetGlobal(true);
    values.cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor.SetGlobal(true);

    // Renderer
    values.renderer_backend.SetGlobal(true);
@@ -466,6 +466,7 @@ struct Values {

    // Core
    Setting<bool> use_multi_core{true, "use_multi_core"};
+    Setting<bool> use_extended_memory_layout{false, "use_extended_memory_layout"};

    // Cpu
    RangedSetting<CPUAccuracy> cpu_accuracy{CPUAccuracy::Auto, CPUAccuracy::Auto,
@@ -483,12 +484,15 @@ struct Values {
    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_misc_ir{true, "cpuopt_misc_ir"};
    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks{true, "cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks"};
    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_fastmem{true, "cpuopt_fastmem"};
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_fastmem_exclusives{true, "cpuopt_fastmem_exclusives"};
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_recompile_exclusives{true, "cpuopt_recompile_exclusives"};

    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma"};
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error"};
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr"};
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan"};
    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check"};
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor"};

    // Renderer
    RangedSetting<RendererBackend> renderer_backend{
@@ -554,6 +558,7 @@ struct Values {
    Setting<bool> use_docked_mode{true, "use_docked_mode"};

    BasicSetting<bool> enable_raw_input{false, "enable_raw_input"};
+    BasicSetting<bool> controller_navigation{true, "controller_navigation"};

    Setting<bool> vibration_enabled{true, "vibration_enabled"};
    Setting<bool> enable_accurate_vibrations{false, "enable_accurate_vibrations"};
@@ -597,6 +602,7 @@ struct Values {
    BasicSetting<std::string> program_args{std::string(), "program_args"};
    BasicSetting<bool> dump_exefs{false, "dump_exefs"};
    BasicSetting<bool> dump_nso{false, "dump_nso"};
+    BasicSetting<bool> dump_shaders{false, "dump_shaders"};
    BasicSetting<bool> enable_fs_access_log{false, "enable_fs_access_log"};
    BasicSetting<bool> reporting_services{false, "reporting_services"};
    BasicSetting<bool> quest_flag{false, "quest_flag"};
@@ -55,22 +55,50 @@ void AppendBuildInfo(FieldCollection& fc) {

 void AppendCPUInfo(FieldCollection& fc) {
 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_x86_64
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Model", Common::GetCPUCaps().cpu_string);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_BrandString", Common::GetCPUCaps().brand_string);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_AES", Common::GetCPUCaps().aes);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_AVX", Common::GetCPUCaps().avx);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_AVX2", Common::GetCPUCaps().avx2);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512", Common::GetCPUCaps().avx512);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_BMI1", Common::GetCPUCaps().bmi1);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_BMI2", Common::GetCPUCaps().bmi2);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_FMA", Common::GetCPUCaps().fma);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_FMA4", Common::GetCPUCaps().fma4);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSE", Common::GetCPUCaps().sse);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSE2", Common::GetCPUCaps().sse2);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSE3", Common::GetCPUCaps().sse3);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSSE3", Common::GetCPUCaps().ssse3);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSE41", Common::GetCPUCaps().sse4_1);
-    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Extension_x64_SSE42", Common::GetCPUCaps().sse4_2);
+
+    const auto& caps = Common::GetCPUCaps();
+    const auto add_field = [&fc](std::string_view field_name, const auto& field_value) {
+        fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, field_name, field_value);
+    };
+    add_field("CPU_Model", caps.cpu_string);
+    add_field("CPU_BrandString", caps.brand_string);
+
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSE", caps.sse);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSE2", caps.sse2);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSE3", caps.sse3);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSSE3", caps.ssse3);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSE41", caps.sse4_1);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SSE42", caps.sse4_2);
+
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX", caps.avx);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX_VNNI", caps.avx_vnni);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX2", caps.avx2);
+
+    // Skylake-X/SP level AVX512, for compatibility with the previous telemetry field
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512",
+              caps.avx512f && caps.avx512cd && caps.avx512vl && caps.avx512dq && caps.avx512bw);
+
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512F", caps.avx512f);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512CD", caps.avx512cd);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512VL", caps.avx512vl);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512DQ", caps.avx512dq);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512BW", caps.avx512bw);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512BITALG", caps.avx512bitalg);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AVX512VBMI", caps.avx512vbmi);
+
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_AES", caps.aes);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_BMI1", caps.bmi1);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_BMI2", caps.bmi2);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_F16C", caps.f16c);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_FMA", caps.fma);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_FMA4", caps.fma4);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_GFNI", caps.gfni);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_INVARIANT_TSC", caps.invariant_tsc);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_LZCNT", caps.lzcnt);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_MOVBE", caps.movbe);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_PCLMULQDQ", caps.pclmulqdq);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_POPCNT", caps.popcnt);
+    add_field("CPU_Extension_x64_SHA", caps.sha);
 #else
    fc.AddField(FieldType::UserSystem, "CPU_Model", "Other");
 #endif
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"

 namespace Common::Telemetry {
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ struct VisitorInterface;
 /**
 * Interface class for telemetry data fields.
 */
-class FieldInterface : NonCopyable {
+class FieldInterface {
 public:
    virtual ~FieldInterface() = default;

@@ -52,14 +54,15 @@ public:
 template <typename T>
 class Field : public FieldInterface {
 public:
-    Field(FieldType type_, std::string name_, T value_)
-        : name(std::move(name_)), type(type_), value(std::move(value_)) {}
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(Field);

-    Field(const Field&) = default;
-    Field& operator=(const Field&) = default;
+    Field(FieldType type_, std::string_view name_, T value_)
+        : name(name_), type(type_), value(std::move(value_)) {}

-    Field(Field&&) = default;
-    Field& operator=(Field&& other) = default;
+    ~Field() override = default;
+
+    Field(Field&&) noexcept = default;
+    Field& operator=(Field&& other) noexcept = default;

    void Accept(VisitorInterface& visitor) const override;

@@ -98,9 +101,15 @@ private:
 /**
 * Collection of data fields that have been logged.
 */
-class FieldCollection final : NonCopyable {
+class FieldCollection final {
 public:
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(FieldCollection);
+
    FieldCollection() = default;
+    ~FieldCollection() = default;
+
+    FieldCollection(FieldCollection&&) noexcept = default;
+    FieldCollection& operator=(FieldCollection&&) noexcept = default;

    /**
     * Accept method for the visitor pattern, visits each field in the collection.
@@ -115,7 +124,7 @@ public:
     * @param value Value for the field to add.
     */
    template <typename T>
-    void AddField(FieldType type, const char* name, T value) {
+    void AddField(FieldType type, std::string_view name, T value) {
        return AddField(std::make_unique<Field<T>>(type, name, std::move(value)));
    }

@@ -133,7 +142,7 @@ private:
 * Telemetry fields visitor interface class. A backend to log to a web service should implement
 * this interface.
 */
-struct VisitorInterface : NonCopyable {
+struct VisitorInterface {
    virtual ~VisitorInterface() = default;

    virtual void Visit(const Field<bool>& field) = 0;
@@ -160,8 +169,11 @@ struct VisitorInterface : NonCopyable {
 * Empty implementation of VisitorInterface that drops all fields. Used when a functional
 * backend implementation is not available.
 */
-struct NullVisitor : public VisitorInterface {
-    ~NullVisitor() = default;
+struct NullVisitor final : public VisitorInterface {
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(NullVisitor);
+
+    NullVisitor() = default;
+    ~NullVisitor() override = default;

    void Visit(const Field<bool>& /*field*/) override {}
    void Visit(const Field<double>& /*field*/) override {}
@@ -43,246 +43,445 @@
 * The maximum height of a red-black tree is 2lg (n+1).
 */

-#include "common/assert.h"
+namespace Common::freebsd {

-namespace Common {
-template <typename T>
-class RBHead {
-public:
-    [[nodiscard]] T* Root() {
-        return rbh_root;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] const T* Root() const {
-        return rbh_root;
-    }
-
-    void SetRoot(T* root) {
-        rbh_root = root;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool IsEmpty() const {
-        return Root() == nullptr;
-    }
-
-private:
-    T* rbh_root = nullptr;
-};
-
-enum class EntryColor {
-    Black,
-    Red,
+enum class RBColor {
+    RB_BLACK = 0,
+    RB_RED = 1,
 };

+#pragma pack(push, 4)
 template <typename T>
 class RBEntry {
 public:
-    [[nodiscard]] T* Left() {
-        return rbe_left;
+    constexpr RBEntry() = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* Left() {
+        return m_rbe_left;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* Left() const {
+        return m_rbe_left;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] const T* Left() const {
-        return rbe_left;
+    constexpr void SetLeft(T* e) {
+        m_rbe_left = e;
    }

-    void SetLeft(T* left) {
-        rbe_left = left;
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* Right() {
+        return m_rbe_right;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* Right() const {
+        return m_rbe_right;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] T* Right() {
-        return rbe_right;
+    constexpr void SetRight(T* e) {
+        m_rbe_right = e;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] const T* Right() const {
-        return rbe_right;
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* Parent() {
+        return m_rbe_parent;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* Parent() const {
+        return m_rbe_parent;
    }

-    void SetRight(T* right) {
-        rbe_right = right;
+    constexpr void SetParent(T* e) {
+        m_rbe_parent = e;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] T* Parent() {
-        return rbe_parent;
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsBlack() const {
+        return m_rbe_color == RBColor::RB_BLACK;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsRed() const {
+        return m_rbe_color == RBColor::RB_RED;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr RBColor Color() const {
+        return m_rbe_color;
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] const T* Parent() const {
-        return rbe_parent;
-    }
-
-    void SetParent(T* parent) {
-        rbe_parent = parent;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool IsBlack() const {
-        return rbe_color == EntryColor::Black;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool IsRed() const {
-        return rbe_color == EntryColor::Red;
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] EntryColor Color() const {
-        return rbe_color;
-    }
-
-    void SetColor(EntryColor color) {
-        rbe_color = color;
+    constexpr void SetColor(RBColor c) {
+        m_rbe_color = c;
    }

 private:
-    T* rbe_left = nullptr;
-    T* rbe_right = nullptr;
-    T* rbe_parent = nullptr;
-    EntryColor rbe_color{};
+    T* m_rbe_left{};
+    T* m_rbe_right{};
+    T* m_rbe_parent{};
+    RBColor m_rbe_color{RBColor::RB_BLACK};
+};
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
+template <typename T>
+struct CheckRBEntry {
+    static constexpr bool value = false;
+};
+template <typename T>
+struct CheckRBEntry<RBEntry<T>> {
+    static constexpr bool value = true;
 };

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] RBEntry<Node>& RB_ENTRY(Node* node) {
-    return node->GetEntry();
+template <typename T>
+concept IsRBEntry = CheckRBEntry<T>::value;
+
+template <typename T>
+concept HasRBEntry = requires(T& t, const T& ct) {
+    { t.GetRBEntry() } -> std::same_as<RBEntry<T>&>;
+    { ct.GetRBEntry() } -> std::same_as<const RBEntry<T>&>;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+class RBHead {
+private:
+    T* m_rbh_root = nullptr;
+
+public:
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* Root() {
+        return m_rbh_root;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* Root() const {
+        return m_rbh_root;
+    }
+    constexpr void SetRoot(T* root) {
+        m_rbh_root = root;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsEmpty() const {
+        return this->Root() == nullptr;
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr RBEntry<T>& RB_ENTRY(T* t) {
+    return t->GetRBEntry();
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr const RBEntry<T>& RB_ENTRY(const T* t) {
+    return t->GetRBEntry();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] const RBEntry<Node>& RB_ENTRY(const Node* node) {
-    return node->GetEntry();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T* RB_LEFT(T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Left();
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* RB_LEFT(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Left();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] Node* RB_PARENT(Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Parent();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T* RB_RIGHT(T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Right();
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* RB_RIGHT(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Right();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] const Node* RB_PARENT(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Parent();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T* RB_PARENT(T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Parent();
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* RB_PARENT(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Parent();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET_PARENT(Node* node, Node* parent) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).SetParent(parent);
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET_LEFT(T* t, T* e) {
+    RB_ENTRY(t).SetLeft(e);
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET_RIGHT(T* t, T* e) {
+    RB_ENTRY(t).SetRight(e);
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET_PARENT(T* t, T* e) {
+    RB_ENTRY(t).SetParent(e);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] Node* RB_LEFT(Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Left();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool RB_IS_BLACK(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).IsBlack();
+}
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool RB_IS_RED(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).IsRed();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] const Node* RB_LEFT(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Left();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr RBColor RB_COLOR(const T* t) {
+    return RB_ENTRY(t).Color();
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET_LEFT(Node* node, Node* left) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).SetLeft(left);
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET_COLOR(T* t, RBColor c) {
+    RB_ENTRY(t).SetColor(c);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] Node* RB_RIGHT(Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Right();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET(T* elm, T* parent) {
+    auto& rb_entry = RB_ENTRY(elm);
+    rb_entry.SetParent(parent);
+    rb_entry.SetLeft(nullptr);
+    rb_entry.SetRight(nullptr);
+    rb_entry.SetColor(RBColor::RB_RED);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] const Node* RB_RIGHT(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Right();
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_SET_BLACKRED(T* black, T* red) {
+    RB_SET_COLOR(black, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+    RB_SET_COLOR(red, RBColor::RB_RED);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET_RIGHT(Node* node, Node* right) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).SetRight(right);
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RB_IS_BLACK(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).IsBlack();
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RB_IS_RED(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).IsRed();
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-[[nodiscard]] EntryColor RB_COLOR(const Node* node) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).Color();
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET_COLOR(Node* node, EntryColor color) {
-    return RB_ENTRY(node).SetColor(color);
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET(Node* node, Node* parent) {
-    auto& entry = RB_ENTRY(node);
-    entry.SetParent(parent);
-    entry.SetLeft(nullptr);
-    entry.SetRight(nullptr);
-    entry.SetColor(EntryColor::Red);
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-void RB_SET_BLACKRED(Node* black, Node* red) {
-    RB_SET_COLOR(black, EntryColor::Black);
-    RB_SET_COLOR(red, EntryColor::Red);
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-void RB_ROTATE_LEFT(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, Node*& tmp) {
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_ROTATE_LEFT(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, T*& tmp) {
    tmp = RB_RIGHT(elm);
-    RB_SET_RIGHT(elm, RB_LEFT(tmp));
-    if (RB_RIGHT(elm) != nullptr) {
+    if (RB_SET_RIGHT(elm, RB_LEFT(tmp)); RB_RIGHT(elm) != nullptr) {
        RB_SET_PARENT(RB_LEFT(tmp), elm);
    }

-    RB_SET_PARENT(tmp, RB_PARENT(elm));
-    if (RB_PARENT(tmp) != nullptr) {
+    if (RB_SET_PARENT(tmp, RB_PARENT(elm)); RB_PARENT(tmp) != nullptr) {
        if (elm == RB_LEFT(RB_PARENT(elm))) {
            RB_SET_LEFT(RB_PARENT(elm), tmp);
        } else {
            RB_SET_RIGHT(RB_PARENT(elm), tmp);
        }
    } else {
-        head->SetRoot(tmp);
+        head.SetRoot(tmp);
    }

    RB_SET_LEFT(tmp, elm);
    RB_SET_PARENT(elm, tmp);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, Node*& tmp) {
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, T*& tmp) {
    tmp = RB_LEFT(elm);
-    RB_SET_LEFT(elm, RB_RIGHT(tmp));
-    if (RB_LEFT(elm) != nullptr) {
+    if (RB_SET_LEFT(elm, RB_RIGHT(tmp)); RB_LEFT(elm) != nullptr) {
        RB_SET_PARENT(RB_RIGHT(tmp), elm);
    }

-    RB_SET_PARENT(tmp, RB_PARENT(elm));
-    if (RB_PARENT(tmp) != nullptr) {
+    if (RB_SET_PARENT(tmp, RB_PARENT(elm)); RB_PARENT(tmp) != nullptr) {
        if (elm == RB_LEFT(RB_PARENT(elm))) {
            RB_SET_LEFT(RB_PARENT(elm), tmp);
        } else {
            RB_SET_RIGHT(RB_PARENT(elm), tmp);
        }
    } else {
-        head->SetRoot(tmp);
+        head.SetRoot(tmp);
    }

    RB_SET_RIGHT(tmp, elm);
    RB_SET_PARENT(elm, tmp);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_INSERT_COLOR(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm) {
-    Node* parent = nullptr;
-    Node* tmp = nullptr;
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_REMOVE_COLOR(RBHead<T>& head, T* parent, T* elm) {
+    T* tmp;
+    while ((elm == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(elm)) && elm != head.Root()) {
+        if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
+            tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
+            if (RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
+                RB_SET_BLACKRED(tmp, parent);
+                RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, parent, tmp);
+                tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
+            }

+            if ((RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) &&
+                (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp)))) {
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_RED);
+                elm = parent;
+                parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
+            } else {
+                if (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp))) {
+                    T* oleft;
+                    if ((oleft = RB_LEFT(tmp)) != nullptr) {
+                        RB_SET_COLOR(oleft, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+                    }
+
+                    RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_RED);
+                    RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, tmp, oleft);
+                    tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
+                }
+
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RB_COLOR(parent));
+                RB_SET_COLOR(parent, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+                if (RB_RIGHT(tmp)) {
+                    RB_SET_COLOR(RB_RIGHT(tmp), RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+                }
+
+                RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, parent, tmp);
+                elm = head.Root();
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
+            if (RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
+                RB_SET_BLACKRED(tmp, parent);
+                RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, parent, tmp);
+                tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
+            }
+
+            if ((RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) &&
+                (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp)))) {
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_RED);
+                elm = parent;
+                parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
+            } else {
+                if (RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) {
+                    T* oright;
+                    if ((oright = RB_RIGHT(tmp)) != nullptr) {
+                        RB_SET_COLOR(oright, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+                    }
+
+                    RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_RED);
+                    RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, tmp, oright);
+                    tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
+                }
+
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RB_COLOR(parent));
+                RB_SET_COLOR(parent, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+
+                if (RB_LEFT(tmp)) {
+                    RB_SET_COLOR(RB_LEFT(tmp), RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+                }
+
+                RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, parent, tmp);
+                elm = head.Root();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (elm) {
+        RB_SET_COLOR(elm, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_REMOVE(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm) {
+    T* child = nullptr;
+    T* parent = nullptr;
+    T* old = elm;
+    RBColor color = RBColor::RB_BLACK;
+
+    if (RB_LEFT(elm) == nullptr) {
+        child = RB_RIGHT(elm);
+    } else if (RB_RIGHT(elm) == nullptr) {
+        child = RB_LEFT(elm);
+    } else {
+        T* left;
+        elm = RB_RIGHT(elm);
+        while ((left = RB_LEFT(elm)) != nullptr) {
+            elm = left;
+        }
+
+        child = RB_RIGHT(elm);
+        parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
+        color = RB_COLOR(elm);
+
+        if (child) {
+            RB_SET_PARENT(child, parent);
+        }
+
+        if (parent) {
+            if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
+                RB_SET_LEFT(parent, child);
+            } else {
+                RB_SET_RIGHT(parent, child);
+            }
+        } else {
+            head.SetRoot(child);
+        }
+
+        if (RB_PARENT(elm) == old) {
+            parent = elm;
+        }
+
+        elm->SetRBEntry(old->GetRBEntry());
+
+        if (RB_PARENT(old)) {
+            if (RB_LEFT(RB_PARENT(old)) == old) {
+                RB_SET_LEFT(RB_PARENT(old), elm);
+            } else {
+                RB_SET_RIGHT(RB_PARENT(old), elm);
+            }
+        } else {
+            head.SetRoot(elm);
+        }
+
+        RB_SET_PARENT(RB_LEFT(old), elm);
+
+        if (RB_RIGHT(old)) {
+            RB_SET_PARENT(RB_RIGHT(old), elm);
+        }
+
+        if (parent) {
+            left = parent;
+        }
+
+        if (color == RBColor::RB_BLACK) {
+            RB_REMOVE_COLOR(head, parent, child);
+        }
+
+        return old;
+    }
+
+    parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
+    color = RB_COLOR(elm);
+
+    if (child) {
+        RB_SET_PARENT(child, parent);
+    }
+    if (parent) {
+        if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
+            RB_SET_LEFT(parent, child);
+        } else {
+            RB_SET_RIGHT(parent, child);
+        }
+    } else {
+        head.SetRoot(child);
+    }
+
+    if (color == RBColor::RB_BLACK) {
+        RB_REMOVE_COLOR(head, parent, child);
+    }
+
+    return old;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr void RB_INSERT_COLOR(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm) {
+    T *parent = nullptr, *tmp = nullptr;
    while ((parent = RB_PARENT(elm)) != nullptr && RB_IS_RED(parent)) {
-        Node* gparent = RB_PARENT(parent);
+        T* gparent = RB_PARENT(parent);
        if (parent == RB_LEFT(gparent)) {
            tmp = RB_RIGHT(gparent);
            if (tmp && RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Black);
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
                RB_SET_BLACKRED(parent, gparent);
                elm = gparent;
                continue;
@@ -300,7 +499,7 @@ void RB_INSERT_COLOR(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm) {
        } else {
            tmp = RB_LEFT(gparent);
            if (tmp && RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Black);
+                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RBColor::RB_BLACK);
                RB_SET_BLACKRED(parent, gparent);
                elm = gparent;
                continue;
@@ -318,194 +517,14 @@ void RB_INSERT_COLOR(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm) {
        }
    }

-    RB_SET_COLOR(head->Root(), EntryColor::Black);
+    RB_SET_COLOR(head.Root(), RBColor::RB_BLACK);
 }

-template <typename Node>
-void RB_REMOVE_COLOR(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* parent, Node* elm) {
-    Node* tmp;
-    while ((elm == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(elm)) && elm != head->Root() && parent != nullptr) {
-        if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
-            tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
-            if (!tmp) {
-                ASSERT_MSG(false, "tmp is invalid!");
-                break;
-            }
-            if (RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
-                RB_SET_BLACKRED(tmp, parent);
-                RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, parent, tmp);
-                tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
-            }
-
-            if ((RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) &&
-                (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp)))) {
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Red);
-                elm = parent;
-                parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
-            } else {
-                if (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp))) {
-                    Node* oleft;
-                    if ((oleft = RB_LEFT(tmp)) != nullptr) {
-                        RB_SET_COLOR(oleft, EntryColor::Black);
-                    }
-
-                    RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Red);
-                    RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, tmp, oleft);
-                    tmp = RB_RIGHT(parent);
-                }
-
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RB_COLOR(parent));
-                RB_SET_COLOR(parent, EntryColor::Black);
-                if (RB_RIGHT(tmp)) {
-                    RB_SET_COLOR(RB_RIGHT(tmp), EntryColor::Black);
-                }
-
-                RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, parent, tmp);
-                elm = head->Root();
-                break;
-            }
-        } else {
-            tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
-            if (RB_IS_RED(tmp)) {
-                RB_SET_BLACKRED(tmp, parent);
-                RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, parent, tmp);
-                tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
-            }
-
-            if (!tmp) {
-                ASSERT_MSG(false, "tmp is invalid!");
-                break;
-            }
-
-            if ((RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) &&
-                (RB_RIGHT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_RIGHT(tmp)))) {
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Red);
-                elm = parent;
-                parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
-            } else {
-                if (RB_LEFT(tmp) == nullptr || RB_IS_BLACK(RB_LEFT(tmp))) {
-                    Node* oright;
-                    if ((oright = RB_RIGHT(tmp)) != nullptr) {
-                        RB_SET_COLOR(oright, EntryColor::Black);
-                    }
-
-                    RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, EntryColor::Red);
-                    RB_ROTATE_LEFT(head, tmp, oright);
-                    tmp = RB_LEFT(parent);
-                }
-
-                RB_SET_COLOR(tmp, RB_COLOR(parent));
-                RB_SET_COLOR(parent, EntryColor::Black);
-
-                if (RB_LEFT(tmp)) {
-                    RB_SET_COLOR(RB_LEFT(tmp), EntryColor::Black);
-                }
-
-                RB_ROTATE_RIGHT(head, parent, tmp);
-                elm = head->Root();
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (elm) {
-        RB_SET_COLOR(elm, EntryColor::Black);
-    }
-}
-
-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_REMOVE(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm) {
-    Node* child = nullptr;
-    Node* parent = nullptr;
-    Node* old = elm;
-    EntryColor color{};
-
-    const auto finalize = [&] {
-        if (color == EntryColor::Black) {
-            RB_REMOVE_COLOR(head, parent, child);
-        }
-
-        return old;
-    };
-
-    if (RB_LEFT(elm) == nullptr) {
-        child = RB_RIGHT(elm);
-    } else if (RB_RIGHT(elm) == nullptr) {
-        child = RB_LEFT(elm);
-    } else {
-        Node* left;
-        elm = RB_RIGHT(elm);
-        while ((left = RB_LEFT(elm)) != nullptr) {
-            elm = left;
-        }
-
-        child = RB_RIGHT(elm);
-        parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
-        color = RB_COLOR(elm);
-
-        if (child) {
-            RB_SET_PARENT(child, parent);
-        }
-        if (parent) {
-            if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
-                RB_SET_LEFT(parent, child);
-            } else {
-                RB_SET_RIGHT(parent, child);
-            }
-        } else {
-            head->SetRoot(child);
-        }
-
-        if (RB_PARENT(elm) == old) {
-            parent = elm;
-        }
-
-        elm->SetEntry(old->GetEntry());
-
-        if (RB_PARENT(old)) {
-            if (RB_LEFT(RB_PARENT(old)) == old) {
-                RB_SET_LEFT(RB_PARENT(old), elm);
-            } else {
-                RB_SET_RIGHT(RB_PARENT(old), elm);
-            }
-        } else {
-            head->SetRoot(elm);
-        }
-        RB_SET_PARENT(RB_LEFT(old), elm);
-        if (RB_RIGHT(old)) {
-            RB_SET_PARENT(RB_RIGHT(old), elm);
-        }
-        if (parent) {
-            left = parent;
-        }
-
-        return finalize();
-    }
-
-    parent = RB_PARENT(elm);
-    color = RB_COLOR(elm);
-
-    if (child) {
-        RB_SET_PARENT(child, parent);
-    }
-    if (parent) {
-        if (RB_LEFT(parent) == elm) {
-            RB_SET_LEFT(parent, child);
-        } else {
-            RB_SET_RIGHT(parent, child);
-        }
-    } else {
-        head->SetRoot(child);
-    }
-
-    return finalize();
-}
-
-// Inserts a node into the RB tree
-template <typename Node, typename CompareFunction>
-Node* RB_INSERT(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
-    Node* parent = nullptr;
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
+template <typename T, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_INSERT(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, Compare cmp) {
+    T* parent = nullptr;
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
    int comp = 0;

    while (tmp) {
@@ -529,17 +548,17 @@ Node* RB_INSERT(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
            RB_SET_RIGHT(parent, elm);
        }
    } else {
-        head->SetRoot(elm);
+        head.SetRoot(elm);
    }

    RB_INSERT_COLOR(head, elm);
    return nullptr;
 }

-// Finds the node with the same key as elm
-template <typename Node, typename CompareFunction>
-Node* RB_FIND(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
+template <typename T, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_FIND(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();

    while (tmp) {
        const int comp = cmp(elm, tmp);
@@ -555,11 +574,11 @@ Node* RB_FIND(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
    return nullptr;
 }

-// Finds the first node greater than or equal to the search key
-template <typename Node, typename CompareFunction>
-Node* RB_NFIND(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
-    Node* res = nullptr;
+template <typename T, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_NFIND(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+    T* res = nullptr;

    while (tmp) {
        const int comp = cmp(elm, tmp);
@@ -576,13 +595,13 @@ Node* RB_NFIND(RBHead<Node>* head, Node* elm, CompareFunction cmp) {
    return res;
 }

-// Finds the node with the same key as lelm
-template <typename Node, typename CompareFunction>
-Node* RB_FIND_LIGHT(RBHead<Node>* head, const void* lelm, CompareFunction lcmp) {
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
+template <typename T, typename U, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_FIND_KEY(RBHead<T>& head, const U& key, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();

    while (tmp) {
-        const int comp = lcmp(lelm, tmp);
+        const int comp = cmp(key, tmp);
        if (comp < 0) {
            tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
        } else if (comp > 0) {
@@ -595,14 +614,14 @@ Node* RB_FIND_LIGHT(RBHead<Node>* head, const void* lelm, CompareFunction lcmp)
    return nullptr;
 }

-// Finds the first node greater than or equal to the search key
-template <typename Node, typename CompareFunction>
-Node* RB_NFIND_LIGHT(RBHead<Node>* head, const void* lelm, CompareFunction lcmp) {
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
-    Node* res = nullptr;
+template <typename T, typename U, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_NFIND_KEY(RBHead<T>& head, const U& key, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+    T* res = nullptr;

    while (tmp) {
-        const int comp = lcmp(lelm, tmp);
+        const int comp = cmp(key, tmp);
        if (comp < 0) {
            res = tmp;
            tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
@@ -616,8 +635,43 @@ Node* RB_NFIND_LIGHT(RBHead<Node>* head, const void* lelm, CompareFunction lcmp)
    return res;
 }

-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_NEXT(Node* elm) {
+template <typename T, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_FIND_EXISTING(RBHead<T>& head, T* elm, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+
+    while (true) {
+        const int comp = cmp(elm, tmp);
+        if (comp < 0) {
+            tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
+        } else if (comp > 0) {
+            tmp = RB_RIGHT(tmp);
+        } else {
+            return tmp;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename U, typename Compare>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_FIND_EXISTING_KEY(RBHead<T>& head, const U& key, Compare cmp) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+
+    while (true) {
+        const int comp = cmp(key, tmp);
+        if (comp < 0) {
+            tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
+        } else if (comp > 0) {
+            tmp = RB_RIGHT(tmp);
+        } else {
+            return tmp;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_NEXT(T* elm) {
    if (RB_RIGHT(elm)) {
        elm = RB_RIGHT(elm);
        while (RB_LEFT(elm)) {
@@ -636,8 +690,9 @@ Node* RB_NEXT(Node* elm) {
    return elm;
 }

-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_PREV(Node* elm) {
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_PREV(T* elm) {
    if (RB_LEFT(elm)) {
        elm = RB_LEFT(elm);
        while (RB_RIGHT(elm)) {
@@ -656,30 +711,32 @@ Node* RB_PREV(Node* elm) {
    return elm;
 }

-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_MINMAX(RBHead<Node>* head, bool is_min) {
-    Node* tmp = head->Root();
-    Node* parent = nullptr;
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_MIN(RBHead<T>& head) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+    T* parent = nullptr;

    while (tmp) {
        parent = tmp;
-        if (is_min) {
-            tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
-        } else {
-            tmp = RB_RIGHT(tmp);
-        }
+        tmp = RB_LEFT(tmp);
    }

    return parent;
 }

-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_MIN(RBHead<Node>* head) {
-    return RB_MINMAX(head, true);
+template <typename T>
+requires HasRBEntry<T>
+constexpr T* RB_MAX(RBHead<T>& head) {
+    T* tmp = head.Root();
+    T* parent = nullptr;
+
+    while (tmp) {
+        parent = tmp;
+        tmp = RB_RIGHT(tmp);
+    }
+
+    return parent;
 }

-template <typename Node>
-Node* RB_MAX(RBHead<Node>* head) {
-    return RB_MINMAX(head, false);
-}
-} // namespace Common
+} // namespace Common::freebsd
@@ -1,23 +1,25 @@
-// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

+#include <bit>
+#include <optional>
 #include <random>

 #include <fmt/format.h>

 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/tiny_mt.h"
 #include "common/uuid.h"

 namespace Common {

 namespace {

-bool IsHexDigit(char c) {
-    return (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F');
-}
+constexpr size_t RawStringSize = sizeof(UUID) * 2;
+constexpr size_t FormattedStringSize = RawStringSize + 4;

-u8 HexCharToByte(char c) {
+std::optional<u8> HexCharToByte(char c) {
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
        return static_cast<u8>(c - '0');
    }
@@ -28,60 +30,184 @@ u8 HexCharToByte(char c) {
        return static_cast<u8>(c - 'A' + 10);
    }
    ASSERT_MSG(false, "{} is not a hexadecimal digit!", c);
-    return u8{0};
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
+std::array<u8, 0x10> ConstructFromRawString(std::string_view raw_string) {
+    std::array<u8, 0x10> uuid;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < RawStringSize; i += 2) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(raw_string[i]);
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(raw_string[i + 1]);
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i / 2] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    return uuid;
+}
+
+std::array<u8, 0x10> ConstructFromFormattedString(std::string_view formatted_string) {
+    std::array<u8, 0x10> uuid;
+
+    size_t i = 0;
+
+    // Process the first 8 characters.
+    const auto* str = formatted_string.data();
+
+    for (; i < 4; ++i) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    // Process the next 4 characters.
+    ++str;
+
+    for (; i < 6; ++i) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    // Process the next 4 characters.
+    ++str;
+
+    for (; i < 8; ++i) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    // Process the next 4 characters.
+    ++str;
+
+    for (; i < 10; ++i) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    // Process the last 12 characters.
+    ++str;
+
+    for (; i < 16; ++i) {
+        const auto upper = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        const auto lower = HexCharToByte(*(str++));
+        if (!upper || !lower) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        uuid[i] = static_cast<u8>((*upper << 4) | *lower);
+    }
+
+    return uuid;
+}
+
+std::array<u8, 0x10> ConstructUUID(std::string_view uuid_string) {
+    const auto length = uuid_string.length();
+
+    if (length == 0) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Check if the input string contains 32 hexadecimal characters.
+    if (length == RawStringSize) {
+        return ConstructFromRawString(uuid_string);
+    }
+
+    // Check if the input string has the length of a RFC 4122 formatted UUID string.
+    if (length == FormattedStringSize) {
+        return ConstructFromFormattedString(uuid_string);
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_MSG(false, "UUID string has an invalid length of {} characters!", length);
+
+    return {};
 }

 } // Anonymous namespace

-u128 HexStringToU128(std::string_view hex_string) {
-    const size_t length = hex_string.length();
+UUID::UUID(std::string_view uuid_string) : uuid{ConstructUUID(uuid_string)} {}

-    // Detect "0x" prefix.
-    const bool has_0x_prefix = length > 2 && hex_string[0] == '0' && hex_string[1] == 'x';
-    const size_t offset = has_0x_prefix ? 2 : 0;
-
-    // Check length.
-    if (length > 32 + offset) {
-        ASSERT_MSG(false, "hex_string has more than 32 hexadecimal characters!");
-        return INVALID_UUID;
-    }
-
-    u64 lo = 0;
-    u64 hi = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < length - offset; ++i) {
-        const char c = hex_string[length - 1 - i];
-        if (!IsHexDigit(c)) {
-            ASSERT_MSG(false, "{} is not a hexadecimal digit!", c);
-            return INVALID_UUID;
-        }
-        if (i < 16) {
-            lo |= u64{HexCharToByte(c)} << (i * 4);
-        }
-        if (i >= 16) {
-            hi |= u64{HexCharToByte(c)} << ((i - 16) * 4);
-        }
-    }
-    return u128{lo, hi};
+std::string UUID::RawString() const {
+    return fmt::format("{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}"
+                       "{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}",
+                       uuid[0], uuid[1], uuid[2], uuid[3], uuid[4], uuid[5], uuid[6], uuid[7],
+                       uuid[8], uuid[9], uuid[10], uuid[11], uuid[12], uuid[13], uuid[14],
+                       uuid[15]);
 }

-UUID UUID::Generate() {
+std::string UUID::FormattedString() const {
+    return fmt::format("{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}"
+                       "-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}-"
+                       "{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}",
+                       uuid[0], uuid[1], uuid[2], uuid[3], uuid[4], uuid[5], uuid[6], uuid[7],
+                       uuid[8], uuid[9], uuid[10], uuid[11], uuid[12], uuid[13], uuid[14],
+                       uuid[15]);
+}
+
+size_t UUID::Hash() const noexcept {
+    u64 upper_hash;
+    u64 lower_hash;
+
+    std::memcpy(&upper_hash, uuid.data(), sizeof(u64));
+    std::memcpy(&lower_hash, uuid.data() + sizeof(u64), sizeof(u64));
+
+    return upper_hash ^ std::rotl(lower_hash, 1);
+}
+
+u128 UUID::AsU128() const {
+    u128 uuid_old;
+    std::memcpy(&uuid_old, uuid.data(), sizeof(UUID));
+    return uuid_old;
+}
+
+UUID UUID::MakeRandom() {
    std::random_device device;
-    std::mt19937 gen(device());
-    std::uniform_int_distribution<u64> distribution(1, std::numeric_limits<u64>::max());
-    return UUID{distribution(gen), distribution(gen)};
+
+    return MakeRandomWithSeed(device());
 }

-std::string UUID::Format() const {
-    return fmt::format("{:016x}{:016x}", uuid[1], uuid[0]);
+UUID UUID::MakeRandomWithSeed(u32 seed) {
+    // Create and initialize our RNG.
+    TinyMT rng;
+    rng.Initialize(seed);
+
+    UUID uuid;
+
+    // Populate the UUID with random bytes.
+    rng.GenerateRandomBytes(uuid.uuid.data(), sizeof(UUID));
+
+    return uuid;
 }

-std::string UUID::FormatSwitch() const {
-    std::array<u8, 16> s{};
-    std::memcpy(s.data(), uuid.data(), sizeof(u128));
-    return fmt::format("{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{"
-                       ":02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}",
-                       s[0], s[1], s[2], s[3], s[4], s[5], s[6], s[7], s[8], s[9], s[10], s[11],
-                       s[12], s[13], s[14], s[15]);
+UUID UUID::MakeRandomRFC4122V4() {
+    auto uuid = MakeRandom();
+
+    // According to Proposed Standard RFC 4122 Section 4.4, we must:
+
+    // 1. Set the two most significant bits (bits 6 and 7) of the
+    //    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to zero and one, respectively.
+    uuid.uuid[8] = 0x80 | (uuid.uuid[8] & 0x3F);
+
+    // 2. Set the four most significant bits (bits 12 through 15) of the
+    //    time_hi_and_version field to the 4-bit version number from Section 4.1.3.
+    uuid.uuid[6] = 0x40 | (uuid.uuid[6] & 0xF);
+
+    return uuid;
 }

 } // namespace Common
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #pragma once

+#include <array>
+#include <functional>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>

@@ -11,69 +13,119 @@

 namespace Common {

-constexpr u128 INVALID_UUID{{0, 0}};
-
-/**
- * Converts a hex string to a 128-bit unsigned integer.
- *
- * The hex string can be formatted in lowercase or uppercase, with or without the "0x" prefix.
- *
- * This function will assert and return INVALID_UUID under the following conditions:
- * - If the hex string is more than 32 characters long
- * - If the hex string contains non-hexadecimal characters
- *
- * @param hex_string Hexadecimal string
- *
- * @returns A 128-bit unsigned integer if successfully converted, INVALID_UUID otherwise.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] u128 HexStringToU128(std::string_view hex_string);
-
 struct UUID {
-    // UUIDs which are 0 are considered invalid!
-    u128 uuid;
-    UUID() = default;
-    constexpr explicit UUID(const u128& id) : uuid{id} {}
-    constexpr explicit UUID(const u64 lo, const u64 hi) : uuid{{lo, hi}} {}
-    explicit UUID(std::string_view hex_string) {
-        uuid = HexStringToU128(hex_string);
+    std::array<u8, 0x10> uuid{};
+
+    /// Constructs an invalid UUID.
+    constexpr UUID() = default;
+
+    /// Constructs a UUID from a reference to a 128 bit array.
+    constexpr explicit UUID(const std::array<u8, 16>& uuid_) : uuid{uuid_} {}
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a UUID from either:
+     * 1. A 32 hexadecimal character string representing the bytes of the UUID
+     * 2. A RFC 4122 formatted UUID string, in the format xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
+     *
+     * The input string may contain uppercase or lowercase characters, but they must:
+     * 1. Contain valid hexadecimal characters (0-9, a-f, A-F)
+     * 2. Not contain the "0x" hexadecimal prefix
+     *
+     * Should the input string not meet the above requirements,
+     * an assert will be triggered and an invalid UUID is set instead.
+     */
+    explicit UUID(std::string_view uuid_string);
+
+    ~UUID() = default;
+
+    constexpr UUID(const UUID&) noexcept = default;
+    constexpr UUID(UUID&&) noexcept = default;
+
+    constexpr UUID& operator=(const UUID&) noexcept = default;
+    constexpr UUID& operator=(UUID&&) noexcept = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether the stored UUID is valid or not.
+     *
+     * @returns True if the stored UUID is valid, false otherwise.
+     */
+    constexpr bool IsValid() const {
+        return uuid != std::array<u8, 0x10>{};
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr explicit operator bool() const {
-        return uuid != INVALID_UUID;
+    /**
+     * Returns whether the stored UUID is invalid or not.
+     *
+     * @returns True if the stored UUID is invalid, false otherwise.
+     */
+    constexpr bool IsInvalid() const {
+        return !IsValid();
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator==(const UUID& rhs) const {
-        return uuid == rhs.uuid;
+    /**
+     * Returns a 32 hexadecimal character string representing the bytes of the UUID.
+     *
+     * @returns A 32 hexadecimal character string of the UUID.
+     */
+    std::string RawString() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a RFC 4122 formatted UUID string in the format xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx.
+     *
+     * @returns A RFC 4122 formatted UUID string.
+     */
+    std::string FormattedString() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a 64-bit hash of the UUID for use in hash table data structures.
+     *
+     * @returns A 64-bit hash of the UUID.
+     */
+    size_t Hash() const noexcept;
+
+    /// DO NOT USE. Copies the contents of the UUID into a u128.
+    u128 AsU128() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a default UUID "yuzu Default UID".
+     *
+     * @returns A UUID with its bytes set to the ASCII values of "yuzu Default UID".
+     */
+    static constexpr UUID MakeDefault() {
+        return UUID{
+            {'y', 'u', 'z', 'u', ' ', 'D', 'e', 'f', 'a', 'u', 'l', 't', ' ', 'U', 'I', 'D'},
+        };
    }

-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator!=(const UUID& rhs) const {
-        return !operator==(rhs);
-    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a random UUID.
+     *
+     * @returns A random UUID.
+     */
+    static UUID MakeRandom();

-    // TODO(ogniK): Properly generate uuids based on RFC-4122
-    [[nodiscard]] static UUID Generate();
+    /**
+     * Creates a random UUID with a seed.
+     *
+     * @param seed A seed to initialize the Mersenne-Twister RNG
+     *
+     * @returns A random UUID.
+     */
+    static UUID MakeRandomWithSeed(u32 seed);

-    // Set the UUID to {0,0} to be considered an invalid user
-    constexpr void Invalidate() {
-        uuid = INVALID_UUID;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a random UUID. The generated UUID is RFC 4122 Version 4 compliant.
+     *
+     * @returns A random UUID that is RFC 4122 Version 4 compliant.
+     */
+    static UUID MakeRandomRFC4122V4();

-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsInvalid() const {
-        return uuid == INVALID_UUID;
-    }
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsValid() const {
-        return !IsInvalid();
-    }
-
-    // TODO(ogniK): Properly generate a Nintendo ID
-    [[nodiscard]] constexpr u64 GetNintendoID() const {
-        return uuid[0];
-    }
-
-    [[nodiscard]] std::string Format() const;
-    [[nodiscard]] std::string FormatSwitch() const;
+    friend constexpr bool operator==(const UUID& lhs, const UUID& rhs) = default;
 };
-static_assert(sizeof(UUID) == 16, "UUID is an invalid size!");
+static_assert(sizeof(UUID) == 0x10, "UUID has incorrect size.");
+
+/// An invalid UUID. This UUID has all its bytes set to 0.
+constexpr UUID InvalidUUID = {};

 } // namespace Common

@@ -82,7 +134,7 @@ namespace std {
 template <>
 struct hash<Common::UUID> {
    size_t operator()(const Common::UUID& uuid) const noexcept {
-        return uuid.uuid[1] ^ uuid.uuid[0];
+        return uuid.Hash();
    }
 };

@@ -65,14 +65,20 @@ private:

 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_x86_64

-std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,
-                                                   u32 emulated_clock_frequency) {
+std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u64 emulated_cpu_frequency,
+                                                   u64 emulated_clock_frequency) {
    const auto& caps = GetCPUCaps();
    u64 rtsc_frequency = 0;
    if (caps.invariant_tsc) {
        rtsc_frequency = EstimateRDTSCFrequency();
    }
-    if (rtsc_frequency == 0) {
+
+    // Fallback to StandardWallClock if the hardware TSC does not have the precision greater than:
+    // - A nanosecond
+    // - The emulated CPU frequency
+    // - The emulated clock counter frequency (CNTFRQ)
+    if (rtsc_frequency <= WallClock::NS_RATIO || rtsc_frequency <= emulated_cpu_frequency ||
+        rtsc_frequency <= emulated_clock_frequency) {
        return std::make_unique<StandardWallClock>(emulated_cpu_frequency,
                                                   emulated_clock_frequency);
    } else {
@@ -83,8 +89,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,

 #else

-std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,
-                                                   u32 emulated_clock_frequency) {
+std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u64 emulated_cpu_frequency,
+                                                   u64 emulated_clock_frequency) {
    return std::make_unique<StandardWallClock>(emulated_cpu_frequency, emulated_clock_frequency);
 }

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ namespace Common {

 class WallClock {
 public:
+    static constexpr u64 NS_RATIO = 1'000'000'000;
+    static constexpr u64 US_RATIO = 1'000'000;
+    static constexpr u64 MS_RATIO = 1'000;
+
    virtual ~WallClock() = default;

    /// Returns current wall time in nanoseconds
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ private:
    bool is_native;
 };

-[[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,
-                                                                 u32 emulated_clock_frequency);
+[[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u64 emulated_cpu_frequency,
+                                                                 u64 emulated_clock_frequency);

 } // namespace Common
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-// Copyright 2013 Dolphin Emulator Project / 2015 Citra Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+// Copyright 2013 Dolphin Emulator Project / 2015 Citra Emulator Project / 2022 Yuzu Emulator
+// Project Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version Refer to the license.txt file included.

+#include <array>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <span>
+#include <string_view>
+#include "common/bit_util.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/x64/cpu_detect.h"

@@ -17,7 +21,7 @@
 // clang-format on
 #endif

-static inline void __cpuidex(int info[4], int function_id, int subfunction_id) {
+static inline void __cpuidex(int info[4], u32 function_id, u32 subfunction_id) {
 #if defined(__DragonFly__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
    // Despite the name, this is just do_cpuid() with ECX as second input.
    cpuid_count((u_int)function_id, (u_int)subfunction_id, (u_int*)info);
@@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ static inline void __cpuidex(int info[4], int function_id, int subfunction_id) {
 #endif
 }

-static inline void __cpuid(int info[4], int function_id) {
+static inline void __cpuid(int info[4], u32 function_id) {
    return __cpuidex(info, function_id, 0);
 }

@@ -45,6 +49,17 @@ static inline u64 _xgetbv(u32 index) {

 namespace Common {

+CPUCaps::Manufacturer CPUCaps::ParseManufacturer(std::string_view brand_string) {
+    if (brand_string == "GenuineIntel") {
+        return Manufacturer::Intel;
+    } else if (brand_string == "AuthenticAMD") {
+        return Manufacturer::AMD;
+    } else if (brand_string == "HygonGenuine") {
+        return Manufacturer::Hygon;
+    }
+    return Manufacturer::Unknown;
+}
+
 // Detects the various CPU features
 static CPUCaps Detect() {
    CPUCaps caps = {};
@@ -53,75 +68,74 @@ static CPUCaps Detect() {
    // yuzu at all anyway

    int cpu_id[4];
-    memset(caps.brand_string, 0, sizeof(caps.brand_string));

-    // Detect CPU's CPUID capabilities and grab CPU string
+    // Detect CPU's CPUID capabilities and grab manufacturer string
    __cpuid(cpu_id, 0x00000000);
-    u32 max_std_fn = cpu_id[0]; // EAX
+    const u32 max_std_fn = cpu_id[0]; // EAX

-    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[0], &cpu_id[1], sizeof(int));
-    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[4], &cpu_id[3], sizeof(int));
-    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[8], &cpu_id[2], sizeof(int));
-    if (cpu_id[1] == 0x756e6547 && cpu_id[2] == 0x6c65746e && cpu_id[3] == 0x49656e69)
-        caps.manufacturer = Manufacturer::Intel;
-    else if (cpu_id[1] == 0x68747541 && cpu_id[2] == 0x444d4163 && cpu_id[3] == 0x69746e65)
-        caps.manufacturer = Manufacturer::AMD;
-    else if (cpu_id[1] == 0x6f677948 && cpu_id[2] == 0x656e6975 && cpu_id[3] == 0x6e65476e)
-        caps.manufacturer = Manufacturer::Hygon;
-    else
-        caps.manufacturer = Manufacturer::Unknown;
+    std::memset(caps.brand_string, 0, std::size(caps.brand_string));
+    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[0], &cpu_id[1], sizeof(u32));
+    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[4], &cpu_id[3], sizeof(u32));
+    std::memcpy(&caps.brand_string[8], &cpu_id[2], sizeof(u32));
+
+    caps.manufacturer = CPUCaps::ParseManufacturer(caps.brand_string);
+
+    // Set reasonable default cpu string even if brand string not available
+    std::strncpy(caps.cpu_string, caps.brand_string, std::size(caps.brand_string));

    __cpuid(cpu_id, 0x80000000);

-    u32 max_ex_fn = cpu_id[0];
-
-    // Set reasonable default brand string even if brand string not available
-    strcpy(caps.cpu_string, caps.brand_string);
+    const u32 max_ex_fn = cpu_id[0];

    // Detect family and other miscellaneous features
    if (max_std_fn >= 1) {
        __cpuid(cpu_id, 0x00000001);
-        if ((cpu_id[3] >> 25) & 1)
-            caps.sse = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[3] >> 26) & 1)
-            caps.sse2 = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[2]) & 1)
-            caps.sse3 = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[2] >> 9) & 1)
-            caps.ssse3 = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[2] >> 19) & 1)
-            caps.sse4_1 = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[2] >> 20) & 1)
-            caps.sse4_2 = true;
-        if ((cpu_id[2] >> 25) & 1)
-            caps.aes = true;
+        caps.sse = Common::Bit<25>(cpu_id[3]);
+        caps.sse2 = Common::Bit<26>(cpu_id[3]);
+        caps.sse3 = Common::Bit<0>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.pclmulqdq = Common::Bit<1>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.ssse3 = Common::Bit<9>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.sse4_1 = Common::Bit<19>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.sse4_2 = Common::Bit<20>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.movbe = Common::Bit<22>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.popcnt = Common::Bit<23>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.aes = Common::Bit<25>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.f16c = Common::Bit<29>(cpu_id[2]);

        // AVX support requires 3 separate checks:
        //  - Is the AVX bit set in CPUID?
        //  - Is the XSAVE bit set in CPUID?
        //  - XGETBV result has the XCR bit set.
-        if (((cpu_id[2] >> 28) & 1) && ((cpu_id[2] >> 27) & 1)) {
+        if (Common::Bit<28>(cpu_id[2]) && Common::Bit<27>(cpu_id[2])) {
            if ((_xgetbv(_XCR_XFEATURE_ENABLED_MASK) & 0x6) == 0x6) {
                caps.avx = true;
-                if ((cpu_id[2] >> 12) & 1)
+                if (Common::Bit<12>(cpu_id[2]))
                    caps.fma = true;
            }
        }

        if (max_std_fn >= 7) {
            __cpuidex(cpu_id, 0x00000007, 0x00000000);
-            // Can't enable AVX2 unless the XSAVE/XGETBV checks above passed
-            if ((cpu_id[1] >> 5) & 1)
-                caps.avx2 = caps.avx;
-            if ((cpu_id[1] >> 3) & 1)
-                caps.bmi1 = true;
-            if ((cpu_id[1] >> 8) & 1)
-                caps.bmi2 = true;
-            // Checks for AVX512F, AVX512CD, AVX512VL, AVX512DQ, AVX512BW (Intel Skylake-X/SP)
-            if ((cpu_id[1] >> 16) & 1 && (cpu_id[1] >> 28) & 1 && (cpu_id[1] >> 31) & 1 &&
-                (cpu_id[1] >> 17) & 1 && (cpu_id[1] >> 30) & 1) {
-                caps.avx512 = caps.avx2;
+            // Can't enable AVX{2,512} unless the XSAVE/XGETBV checks above passed
+            if (caps.avx) {
+                caps.avx2 = Common::Bit<5>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512f = Common::Bit<16>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512dq = Common::Bit<17>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512cd = Common::Bit<28>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512bw = Common::Bit<30>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512vl = Common::Bit<31>(cpu_id[1]);
+                caps.avx512vbmi = Common::Bit<1>(cpu_id[2]);
+                caps.avx512bitalg = Common::Bit<12>(cpu_id[2]);
            }
+
+            caps.bmi1 = Common::Bit<3>(cpu_id[1]);
+            caps.bmi2 = Common::Bit<8>(cpu_id[1]);
+            caps.sha = Common::Bit<29>(cpu_id[1]);
+
+            caps.gfni = Common::Bit<8>(cpu_id[2]);
+
+            __cpuidex(cpu_id, 0x00000007, 0x00000001);
+            caps.avx_vnni = caps.avx && Common::Bit<4>(cpu_id[0]);
        }
    }

@@ -138,15 +152,13 @@ static CPUCaps Detect() {
    if (max_ex_fn >= 0x80000001) {
        // Check for more features
        __cpuid(cpu_id, 0x80000001);
-        if ((cpu_id[2] >> 16) & 1)
-            caps.fma4 = true;
+        caps.lzcnt = Common::Bit<5>(cpu_id[2]);
+        caps.fma4 = Common::Bit<16>(cpu_id[2]);
    }

    if (max_ex_fn >= 0x80000007) {
        __cpuid(cpu_id, 0x80000007);
-        if (cpu_id[3] & (1 << 8)) {
-            caps.invariant_tsc = true;
-        }
+        caps.invariant_tsc = Common::Bit<8>(cpu_id[3]);
    }

    if (max_std_fn >= 0x16) {
@@ -1,42 +1,65 @@
-// Copyright 2013 Dolphin Emulator Project / 2015 Citra Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+// Copyright 2013 Dolphin Emulator Project / 2015 Citra Emulator Project / 2022 Yuzu Emulator
+// Project Project Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #pragma once

-namespace Common {
+#include <string_view>
+#include "common/common_types.h"

-enum class Manufacturer : u32 {
-    Intel = 0,
-    AMD = 1,
-    Hygon = 2,
-    Unknown = 3,
-};
+namespace Common {

 /// x86/x64 CPU capabilities that may be detected by this module
 struct CPUCaps {
+
+    enum class Manufacturer : u8 {
+        Unknown = 0,
+        Intel = 1,
+        AMD = 2,
+        Hygon = 3,
+    };
+
+    static Manufacturer ParseManufacturer(std::string_view brand_string);
+
    Manufacturer manufacturer;
-    char cpu_string[0x21];
-    char brand_string[0x41];
-    bool sse;
-    bool sse2;
-    bool sse3;
-    bool ssse3;
-    bool sse4_1;
-    bool sse4_2;
-    bool lzcnt;
-    bool avx;
-    bool avx2;
-    bool avx512;
-    bool bmi1;
-    bool bmi2;
-    bool fma;
-    bool fma4;
-    bool aes;
-    bool invariant_tsc;
+    char brand_string[13];
+
+    char cpu_string[48];
+
    u32 base_frequency;
    u32 max_frequency;
    u32 bus_frequency;
+
+    bool sse : 1;
+    bool sse2 : 1;
+    bool sse3 : 1;
+    bool ssse3 : 1;
+    bool sse4_1 : 1;
+    bool sse4_2 : 1;
+
+    bool avx : 1;
+    bool avx_vnni : 1;
+    bool avx2 : 1;
+    bool avx512f : 1;
+    bool avx512dq : 1;
+    bool avx512cd : 1;
+    bool avx512bw : 1;
+    bool avx512vl : 1;
+    bool avx512vbmi : 1;
+    bool avx512bitalg : 1;
+
+    bool aes : 1;
+    bool bmi1 : 1;
+    bool bmi2 : 1;
+    bool f16c : 1;
+    bool fma : 1;
+    bool fma4 : 1;
+    bool gfni : 1;
+    bool invariant_tsc : 1;
+    bool lzcnt : 1;
+    bool movbe : 1;
+    bool pclmulqdq : 1;
+    bool popcnt : 1;
+    bool sha : 1;
 };

 /**
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ NativeClock::NativeClock(u64 emulated_cpu_frequency_, u64 emulated_clock_frequen
    _mm_mfence();
    time_point.inner.last_measure = __rdtsc();
    time_point.inner.accumulated_ticks = 0U;
-    ns_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(1000000000, rtsc_frequency);
-    us_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(1000000, rtsc_frequency);
-    ms_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(1000, rtsc_frequency);
+    ns_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(NS_RATIO, rtsc_frequency);
+    us_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(US_RATIO, rtsc_frequency);
+    ms_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(MS_RATIO, rtsc_frequency);
    clock_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(emulated_clock_frequency, rtsc_frequency);
    cpu_rtsc_factor = GetFixedPoint64Factor(emulated_cpu_frequency, rtsc_frequency);
 }
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ constexpr Xbyak::Reg IndexToReg(size_t reg_index) {
    }
 }

-inline std::bitset<32> BuildRegSet(std::initializer_list<Xbyak::Reg> regs) {
-    std::bitset<32> bits;
+constexpr std::bitset<32> BuildRegSet(std::initializer_list<Xbyak::Reg> regs) {
+    size_t bits = 0;
    for (const Xbyak::Reg& reg : regs) {
-        bits[RegToIndex(reg)] = true;
+        bits |= size_t{1} << RegToIndex(reg);
    }
-    return bits;
+    return {bits};
 }

 constexpr inline std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_GPRS(0x0000FFFF);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM2 = Xbyak::util::rdx;
 constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM3 = Xbyak::util::r8;
 constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM4 = Xbyak::util::r9;

-const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
+constexpr inline std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    // GPRs
    Xbyak::util::rcx,
    Xbyak::util::rdx,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    Xbyak::util::xmm5,
 });

-const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLEE_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
+constexpr inline std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLEE_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    // GPRs
    Xbyak::util::rbx,
    Xbyak::util::rsi,
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM2 = Xbyak::util::rsi;
 constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM3 = Xbyak::util::rdx;
 constexpr inline Xbyak::Reg ABI_PARAM4 = Xbyak::util::rcx;

-const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
+constexpr inline std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    // GPRs
    Xbyak::util::rcx,
    Xbyak::util::rdx,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLER_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    Xbyak::util::xmm15,
 });

-const std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLEE_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
+constexpr inline std::bitset<32> ABI_ALL_CALLEE_SAVED = BuildRegSet({
    // GPRs
    Xbyak::util::rbx,
    Xbyak::util::rbp,
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/api_version.h
    hle/ipc.h
    hle/ipc_helpers.h
+    hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_memory_layout.h
    hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.cpp
    hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h
    hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/secure_monitor.h
@@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/kernel/hle_ipc.h
    hle/kernel/init/init_slab_setup.cpp
    hle/kernel/init/init_slab_setup.h
+    hle/kernel/initial_process.h
    hle/kernel/k_address_arbiter.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_address_arbiter.h
    hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.cpp
@@ -187,6 +189,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/kernel/k_event.h
    hle/kernel/k_handle_table.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_handle_table.h
+    hle/kernel/k_interrupt_manager.cpp
+    hle/kernel/k_interrupt_manager.h
    hle/kernel/k_light_condition_variable.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_light_condition_variable.h
    hle/kernel/k_light_lock.cpp
@@ -203,6 +207,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/kernel/k_memory_region.h
    hle/kernel/k_memory_region_type.h
    hle/kernel/k_page_bitmap.h
+    hle/kernel/k_page_buffer.h
    hle/kernel/k_page_heap.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_page_heap.h
    hle/kernel/k_page_linked_list.h
@@ -240,11 +245,16 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/kernel/k_system_control.h
    hle/kernel/k_thread.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_thread.h
+    hle/kernel/k_thread_local_page.cpp
+    hle/kernel/k_thread_local_page.h
    hle/kernel/k_thread_queue.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_thread_queue.h
    hle/kernel/k_trace.h
    hle/kernel/k_transfer_memory.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_transfer_memory.h
+    hle/kernel/k_worker_task.h
+    hle/kernel/k_worker_task_manager.cpp
+    hle/kernel/k_worker_task_manager.h
    hle/kernel/k_writable_event.cpp
    hle/kernel/k_writable_event.h
    hle/kernel/kernel.cpp
@@ -265,8 +275,6 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/kernel/svc_wrap.h
    hle/kernel/time_manager.cpp
    hle/kernel/time_manager.h
-    hle/lock.cpp
-    hle/lock.h
    hle/result.h
    hle/service/acc/acc.cpp
    hle/service/acc/acc.h
@@ -464,6 +472,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
    hle/service/mii/types.h
    hle/service/mm/mm_u.cpp
    hle/service/mm/mm_u.h
+    hle/service/mnpp/mnpp_app.cpp
+    hle/service/mnpp/mnpp_app.h
    hle/service/ncm/ncm.cpp
    hle/service/ncm/ncm.h
    hle/service/nfc/nfc.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #include <array>
 #include <vector>
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hardware_properties.h"

@@ -24,8 +25,11 @@ class CPUInterruptHandler;
 using CPUInterrupts = std::array<CPUInterruptHandler, Core::Hardware::NUM_CPU_CORES>;

 /// Generic ARMv8 CPU interface
-class ARM_Interface : NonCopyable {
+class ARM_Interface {
 public:
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(ARM_Interface);
+    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(ARM_Interface);
+
    explicit ARM_Interface(System& system_, CPUInterrupts& interrupt_handlers_,
                           bool uses_wall_clock_)
        : system{system_}, interrupt_handlers{interrupt_handlers_}, uses_wall_clock{
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
    config.page_table_pointer_mask_bits = Common::PageTable::ATTRIBUTE_BITS;
    config.detect_misaligned_access_via_page_table = 16 | 32 | 64 | 128;
    config.only_detect_misalignment_via_page_table_on_page_boundary = true;
+    config.fastmem_exclusive_access = true;
+    config.recompile_on_exclusive_fastmem_failure = true;

    // Multi-process state
    config.processor_id = core_index;
@@ -146,8 +148,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
    config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;

    // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
-    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;
+    config.code_cache_size = 128_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 100_MiB;

    // Safe optimizations
    if (Settings::values.cpu_debug_mode) {
@@ -178,6 +180,12 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem) {
            config.fastmem_pointer = nullptr;
        }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem_exclusives) {
+            config.fastmem_exclusive_access = false;
+        }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_recompile_exclusives) {
+            config.recompile_on_exclusive_fastmem_failure = false;
+        }
    }

    // Unsafe optimizations
@@ -195,6 +203,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan) {
            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
        }
+        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor) {
+            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
+        }
    }

    // Curated optimizations
@@ -203,6 +214,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_UnfuseFMA;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreStandardFPCRValue;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
+        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
    }

    return std::make_unique<Dynarmic::A32::Jit>(config);
@@ -185,6 +185,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        config.fastmem_pointer = page_table->fastmem_arena;
        config.fastmem_address_space_bits = address_space_bits;
        config.silently_mirror_fastmem = false;
+
+        config.fastmem_exclusive_access = true;
+        config.recompile_on_exclusive_fastmem_failure = true;
    }

    // Multi-process state
@@ -205,8 +208,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
    config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;

    // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
-    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;
+    config.code_cache_size = 128_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 100_MiB;

    // Safe optimizations
    if (Settings::values.cpu_debug_mode) {
@@ -237,6 +240,12 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem) {
            config.fastmem_pointer = nullptr;
        }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem_exclusives) {
+            config.fastmem_exclusive_access = false;
+        }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_recompile_exclusives) {
+            config.recompile_on_exclusive_fastmem_failure = false;
+        }
    }

    // Unsafe optimizations
@@ -254,6 +263,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check) {
            config.fastmem_address_space_bits = 64;
        }
+        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor) {
+            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
+        }
    }

    // Curated optimizations
@@ -262,6 +274,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_UnfuseFMA;
        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
        config.fastmem_address_space_bits = 64;
+        config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreGlobalMonitor;
    }

    return std::make_shared<Dynarmic::A64::Jit>(config);
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ u128 DynarmicExclusiveMonitor::ExclusiveRead128(std::size_t core_index, VAddr ad
    });
 }

-void DynarmicExclusiveMonitor::ClearExclusive() {
-    monitor.Clear();
+void DynarmicExclusiveMonitor::ClearExclusive(std::size_t core_index) {
+    monitor.ClearProcessor(core_index);
 }

 bool DynarmicExclusiveMonitor::ExclusiveWrite8(std::size_t core_index, VAddr vaddr, u8 value) {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public:
    u32 ExclusiveRead32(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) override;
    u64 ExclusiveRead64(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) override;
    u128 ExclusiveRead128(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) override;
-    void ClearExclusive() override;
+    void ClearExclusive(std::size_t core_index) override;

    bool ExclusiveWrite8(std::size_t core_index, VAddr vaddr, u8 value) override;
    bool ExclusiveWrite16(std::size_t core_index, VAddr vaddr, u16 value) override;
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public:
    virtual u32 ExclusiveRead32(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) = 0;
    virtual u64 ExclusiveRead64(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) = 0;
    virtual u128 ExclusiveRead128(std::size_t core_index, VAddr addr) = 0;
-    virtual void ClearExclusive() = 0;
+    virtual void ClearExclusive(std::size_t core_index) = 0;

    virtual bool ExclusiveWrite8(std::size_t core_index, VAddr vaddr, u8 value) = 0;
    virtual bool ExclusiveWrite16(std::size_t core_index, VAddr vaddr, u16 value) = 0;
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_real.h"
 #include "core/hardware_interrupt_manager.h"
 #include "core/hid/hid_core.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_process.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_resource_limit.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_scheduler.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/physical_core.h"
@@ -252,9 +254,16 @@ struct System::Impl {
        }

        telemetry_session->AddInitialInfo(*app_loader, fs_controller, *content_provider);
+
+        // Create a resource limit for the process.
+        const auto physical_memory_size =
+            kernel.MemoryManager().GetSize(Kernel::KMemoryManager::Pool::Application);
+        auto* resource_limit = Kernel::CreateResourceLimitForProcess(system, physical_memory_size);
+
+        // Create the process.
        auto main_process = Kernel::KProcess::Create(system.Kernel());
        ASSERT(Kernel::KProcess::Initialize(main_process, system, "main",
-                                            Kernel::KProcess::ProcessType::Userland)
+                                            Kernel::KProcess::ProcessType::Userland, resource_limit)
                   .IsSuccess());
        const auto [load_result, load_parameters] = app_loader->Load(*main_process, system);
        if (load_result != Loader::ResultStatus::Success) {
@@ -317,6 +326,10 @@ struct System::Impl {
        is_powered_on = false;
        exit_lock = false;

+        if (gpu_core != nullptr) {
+            gpu_core->NotifyShutdown();
+        }
+
        services.reset();
        service_manager.reset();
        cheat_engine.reset();
@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.

 #include "core/device_memory.h"
+#include "hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h"

 namespace Core {

-DeviceMemory::DeviceMemory() : buffer{DramMemoryMap::Size, 1ULL << 39} {}
+DeviceMemory::DeviceMemory()
+    : buffer{Kernel::Board::Nintendo::Nx::KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize(),
+             1ULL << 39} {}
 DeviceMemory::~DeviceMemory() = default;

 } // namespace Core
@@ -12,12 +12,8 @@ namespace Core {
 namespace DramMemoryMap {
 enum : u64 {
    Base = 0x80000000ULL,
-    Size = 0x100000000ULL,
-    End = Base + Size,
    KernelReserveBase = Base + 0x60000,
    SlabHeapBase = KernelReserveBase + 0x85000,
-    SlapHeapSize = 0xa21000,
-    SlabHeapEnd = SlabHeapBase + SlapHeapSize,
 };
 }; // namespace DramMemoryMap

@@ -128,15 +128,6 @@ VirtualDir PatchManager::PatchExeFS(VirtualDir exefs) const {
    if (exefs == nullptr)
        return exefs;

-    if (Settings::values.dump_exefs) {
-        LOG_INFO(Loader, "Dumping ExeFS for title_id={:016X}", title_id);
-        const auto dump_dir = fs_controller.GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
-        if (dump_dir != nullptr) {
-            const auto exefs_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dump_dir, "/exefs");
-            VfsRawCopyD(exefs, exefs_dir);
-        }
-    }
-
    const auto& disabled = Settings::values.disabled_addons[title_id];
    const auto update_disabled =
        std::find(disabled.cbegin(), disabled.cend(), "Update") != disabled.cend();
@@ -179,6 +170,15 @@ VirtualDir PatchManager::PatchExeFS(VirtualDir exefs) const {
        }
    }

+    if (Settings::values.dump_exefs) {
+        LOG_INFO(Loader, "Dumping ExeFS for title_id={:016X}", title_id);
+        const auto dump_dir = fs_controller.GetModificationDumpRoot(title_id);
+        if (dump_dir != nullptr) {
+            const auto exefs_dir = GetOrCreateDirectoryRelative(dump_dir, "/exefs");
+            VfsRawCopyD(exefs, exefs_dir);
+        }
+    }
+
    return exefs;
 }

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <vector>

+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_types.h"

@@ -29,8 +30,11 @@ enum class VfsEntryType {
 // A class representing an abstract filesystem. A default implementation given the root VirtualDir
 // is provided for convenience, but if the Vfs implementation has any additional state or
 // functionality, they will need to override.
-class VfsFilesystem : NonCopyable {
+class VfsFilesystem {
 public:
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(VfsFilesystem);
+    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(VfsFilesystem);
+
    explicit VfsFilesystem(VirtualDir root);
    virtual ~VfsFilesystem();

@@ -77,8 +81,12 @@ protected:
 };

 // A class representing a file in an abstract filesystem.
-class VfsFile : NonCopyable {
+class VfsFile {
 public:
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(VfsFile);
+    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(VfsFile);
+
+    VfsFile() = default;
    virtual ~VfsFile();

    // Retrieves the file name.
@@ -176,8 +184,12 @@ public:
 };

 // A class representing a directory in an abstract filesystem.
-class VfsDirectory : NonCopyable {
+class VfsDirectory {
 public:
+    YUZU_NON_COPYABLE(VfsDirectory);
+    YUZU_NON_MOVEABLE(VfsDirectory);
+
+    VfsDirectory() = default;
    virtual ~VfsDirectory();

    // Retrives the file located at path as if the current directory was root. Returns nullptr if
@@ -45,26 +45,26 @@ void DefaultControllerApplet::ReconfigureControllers(std::function<void()> callb
        // Pro Controller -> Dual Joycons -> Left Joycon/Right Joycon -> Handheld
        if (parameters.allow_pro_controller) {
            controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::ProController);
-            controller->Connect();
+            controller->Connect(true);
        } else if (parameters.allow_dual_joycons) {
            controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconDual);
-            controller->Connect();
+            controller->Connect(true);
        } else if (parameters.allow_left_joycon && parameters.allow_right_joycon) {
            // Assign left joycons to even player indices and right joycons to odd player indices.
            // We do this since Captain Toad Treasure Tracker expects a left joycon for Player 1 and
            // a right Joycon for Player 2 in 2 Player Assist mode.
            if (index % 2 == 0) {
                controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconLeft);
-                controller->Connect();
+                controller->Connect(true);
            } else {
                controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::JoyconRight);
-                controller->Connect();
+                controller->Connect(true);
            }
        } else if (index == 0 && parameters.enable_single_mode && parameters.allow_handheld &&
                   !Settings::values.use_docked_mode.GetValue()) {
            // We should *never* reach here under any normal circumstances.
            controller->SetNpadStyleIndex(Core::HID::NpadStyleIndex::Handheld);
-            controller->Connect();
+            controller->Connect(true);
        } else {
            UNREACHABLE_MSG("Unable to add a new controller based on the given parameters!");
        }
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ ProfileSelectApplet::~ProfileSelectApplet() = default;
 void DefaultProfileSelectApplet::SelectProfile(
    std::function<void(std::optional<Common::UUID>)> callback) const {
    Service::Account::ProfileManager manager;
-    callback(manager.GetUser(Settings::values.current_user.GetValue())
-                 .value_or(Common::UUID{Common::INVALID_UUID}));
+    callback(manager.GetUser(Settings::values.current_user.GetValue()).value_or(Common::UUID{}));
    LOG_INFO(Service_ACC, "called, selecting current user instead of prompting...");
 }

@@ -42,11 +42,20 @@ public:
            context.MakeCurrent();
        }
        ~Scoped() {
-            context.DoneCurrent();
+            if (active) {
+                context.DoneCurrent();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// In the event that context was destroyed before the Scoped is destroyed, this provides a
+        /// mechanism to prevent calling a destroyed object's method during the deconstructor
+        void Cancel() {
+            active = false;
        }

    private:
        GraphicsContext& context;
+        bool active{true};
    };

    /// Calls MakeCurrent on the context and calls DoneCurrent when the scope for the returned value
@@ -158,10 +158,13 @@ void EmulatedConsole::SetMotion(const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback) {
    auto& motion = console.motion_state;
    motion.accel = emulated.GetAcceleration();
    motion.gyro = emulated.GetGyroscope();
-    motion.rotation = emulated.GetGyroscope();
+    motion.rotation = emulated.GetRotations();
    motion.orientation = emulated.GetOrientation();
    motion.quaternion = emulated.GetQuaternion();
+    motion.gyro_bias = emulated.GetGyroBias();
    motion.is_at_rest = !emulated.IsMoving(motion_sensitivity);
+    // Find what is this value
+    motion.verticalization_error = 0.0f;

    TriggerOnChange(ConsoleTriggerType::Motion);
 }
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <unordered_map>

+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/input.h"
 #include "common/param_package.h"
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@ struct ConsoleMotion {
    Common::Vec3f rotation{};
    std::array<Common::Vec3f, 3> orientation{};
    Common::Quaternion<f32> quaternion{};
+    Common::Vec3f gyro_bias{};
+    f32 verticalization_error{};
    bool is_at_rest{};
 };

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void EmulatedController::LoadDevices() {
                   motion_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
    std::transform(trigger_params.begin(), trigger_params.end(), trigger_devices.begin(),
                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(battery_params.begin(), battery_params.begin(), battery_devices.end(),
+    std::transform(battery_params.begin(), battery_params.end(), battery_devices.begin(),
                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
    std::transform(output_params.begin(), output_params.end(), output_devices.begin(),
                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::OutputDevice>);
@@ -269,7 +269,8 @@ void EmulatedController::ReloadInput() {
    }

    // Use a common UUID for TAS
-    const auto tas_uuid = Common::UUID{0x0, 0x7A5};
+    static constexpr Common::UUID TAS_UUID = Common::UUID{
+        {0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x7, 0xA5, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}};

    // Register TAS devices. No need to force update
    for (std::size_t index = 0; index < tas_button_devices.size(); ++index) {
@@ -278,8 +279,8 @@ void EmulatedController::ReloadInput() {
        }
        tas_button_devices[index]->SetCallback({
            .on_change =
-                [this, index, tas_uuid](const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback) {
-                    SetButton(callback, index, tas_uuid);
+                [this, index](const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback) {
+                    SetButton(callback, index, TAS_UUID);
                },
        });
    }
@@ -290,8 +291,8 @@ void EmulatedController::ReloadInput() {
        }
        tas_stick_devices[index]->SetCallback({
            .on_change =
-                [this, index, tas_uuid](const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback) {
-                    SetStick(callback, index, tas_uuid);
+                [this, index](const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback) {
+                    SetStick(callback, index, TAS_UUID);
                },
        });
    }
@@ -351,6 +352,19 @@ void EmulatedController::DisableConfiguration() {
    }
 }

+void EmulatedController::EnableSystemButtons() {
+    system_buttons_enabled = true;
+}
+
+void EmulatedController::DisableSystemButtons() {
+    system_buttons_enabled = false;
+}
+
+void EmulatedController::ResetSystemButtons() {
+    controller.home_button_state.home.Assign(false);
+    controller.capture_button_state.capture.Assign(false);
+}
+
 bool EmulatedController::IsConfiguring() const {
    return is_configuring;
 }
@@ -389,7 +403,8 @@ std::vector<Common::ParamPackage> EmulatedController::GetMappedDevices(
            devices.begin(), devices.end(), [param](const Common::ParamPackage param_) {
                return param.Get("engine", "") == param_.Get("engine", "") &&
                       param.Get("guid", "") == param_.Get("guid", "") &&
-                       param.Get("port", 0) == param_.Get("port", 0);
+                       param.Get("port", 0) == param_.Get("port", 0) &&
+                       param.Get("pad", 0) == param_.Get("pad", 0);
            });
        if (devices_it != devices.end()) {
            continue;
@@ -398,6 +413,7 @@ std::vector<Common::ParamPackage> EmulatedController::GetMappedDevices(
        device.Set("engine", param.Get("engine", ""));
        device.Set("guid", param.Get("guid", ""));
        device.Set("port", param.Get("port", 0));
+        device.Set("pad", param.Get("pad", 0));
        devices.push_back(device);
    }

@@ -412,7 +428,8 @@ std::vector<Common::ParamPackage> EmulatedController::GetMappedDevices(
            devices.begin(), devices.end(), [param](const Common::ParamPackage param_) {
                return param.Get("engine", "") == param_.Get("engine", "") &&
                       param.Get("guid", "") == param_.Get("guid", "") &&
-                       param.Get("port", 0) == param_.Get("port", 0);
+                       param.Get("port", 0) == param_.Get("port", 0) &&
+                       param.Get("pad", 0) == param_.Get("pad", 0);
            });
        if (devices_it != devices.end()) {
            continue;
@@ -421,6 +438,7 @@ std::vector<Common::ParamPackage> EmulatedController::GetMappedDevices(
        device.Set("engine", param.Get("engine", ""));
        device.Set("guid", param.Get("guid", ""));
        device.Set("port", param.Get("port", 0));
+        device.Set("pad", param.Get("pad", 0));
        devices.push_back(device);
    }
    return devices;
@@ -596,7 +614,16 @@ void EmulatedController::SetButton(const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback
            controller.npad_button_state.right_sr.Assign(current_status.value);
            break;
        case Settings::NativeButton::Home:
+            if (!system_buttons_enabled) {
+                break;
+            }
+            controller.home_button_state.home.Assign(current_status.value);
+            break;
        case Settings::NativeButton::Screenshot:
+            if (!system_buttons_enabled) {
+                break;
+            }
+            controller.capture_button_state.capture.Assign(current_status.value);
            break;
        }
    }
@@ -723,6 +750,7 @@ void EmulatedController::SetMotion(const Common::Input::CallbackStatus& callback
        raw_status.gyro.y.value,
        raw_status.gyro.z.value,
    });
+    emulated.SetGyroThreshold(raw_status.gyro.x.properties.threshold);
    emulated.UpdateRotation(raw_status.delta_timestamp);
    emulated.UpdateOrientation(raw_status.delta_timestamp);
    force_update_motion = raw_status.force_update;
@@ -843,23 +871,24 @@ bool EmulatedController::SetVibration(std::size_t device_index, VibrationValue v
 }

 bool EmulatedController::TestVibration(std::size_t device_index) {
-    if (device_index >= output_devices.size()) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (!output_devices[device_index]) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // Send a slight vibration to test for rumble support
-    constexpr Common::Input::VibrationStatus status = {
+    static constexpr VibrationValue test_vibration = {
        .low_amplitude = 0.001f,
        .low_frequency = 160.0f,
        .high_amplitude = 0.001f,
        .high_frequency = 320.0f,
-        .type = Common::Input::VibrationAmplificationType::Linear,
    };
-    return output_devices[device_index]->SetVibration(status) ==
-           Common::Input::VibrationError::None;
+
+    // Send a slight vibration to test for rumble support
+    SetVibration(device_index, test_vibration);
+
+    // Stop any vibration and return the result
+    return SetVibration(device_index, DEFAULT_VIBRATION_VALUE);
+}
+
+bool EmulatedController::SetPollingMode(Common::Input::PollingMode polling_mode) {
+    LOG_INFO(Service_HID, "Set polling mode {}", polling_mode);
+    auto& output_device = output_devices[static_cast<std::size_t>(DeviceIndex::Right)];
+    return output_device->SetPollingMode(polling_mode) == Common::Input::PollingError::None;
 }

 void EmulatedController::SetLedPattern() {
@@ -884,15 +913,42 @@ void EmulatedController::SetSupportedNpadStyleTag(NpadStyleTag supported_styles)
    if (!is_connected) {
        return;
    }
-    if (!IsControllerSupported()) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Controller type {} is not supported. Disconnecting controller",
-                  npad_type);
-        Disconnect();
+    if (IsControllerSupported()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    Disconnect();
+
+    // Fallback fullkey controllers to Pro controllers
+    if (IsControllerFullkey() && supported_style_tag.fullkey) {
+        LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "Reconnecting controller type {} as Pro controller", npad_type);
+        SetNpadStyleIndex(NpadStyleIndex::ProController);
+        Connect();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Controller type {} is not supported. Disconnecting controller",
+              npad_type);
+}
+
+bool EmulatedController::IsControllerFullkey(bool use_temporary_value) const {
+    const auto type = is_configuring && use_temporary_value ? tmp_npad_type : npad_type;
+    switch (type) {
+    case NpadStyleIndex::ProController:
+    case NpadStyleIndex::GameCube:
+    case NpadStyleIndex::NES:
+    case NpadStyleIndex::SNES:
+    case NpadStyleIndex::N64:
+    case NpadStyleIndex::SegaGenesis:
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
    }
 }

-bool EmulatedController::IsControllerSupported() const {
-    switch (npad_type) {
+bool EmulatedController::IsControllerSupported(bool use_temporary_value) const {
+    const auto type = is_configuring && use_temporary_value ? tmp_npad_type : npad_type;
+    switch (type) {
    case NpadStyleIndex::ProController:
        return supported_style_tag.fullkey;
    case NpadStyleIndex::Handheld:
@@ -920,9 +976,10 @@ bool EmulatedController::IsControllerSupported() const {
    }
 }

-void EmulatedController::Connect() {
-    if (!IsControllerSupported()) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Controller type {} is not supported", npad_type);
+void EmulatedController::Connect(bool use_temporary_value) {
+    if (!IsControllerSupported(use_temporary_value)) {
+        const auto type = is_configuring && use_temporary_value ? tmp_npad_type : npad_type;
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Controller type {} is not supported", type);
        return;
    }
    {
@@ -1054,6 +1111,20 @@ BatteryValues EmulatedController::GetBatteryValues() const {
    return controller.battery_values;
 }

+HomeButtonState EmulatedController::GetHomeButtons() const {
+    if (is_configuring) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return controller.home_button_state;
+}
+
+CaptureButtonState EmulatedController::GetCaptureButtons() const {
+    if (is_configuring) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return controller.capture_button_state;
+}
+
 NpadButtonState EmulatedController::GetNpadButtons() const {
    if (is_configuring) {
        return {};
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/input.h"
 #include "common/param_package.h"
-#include "common/point.h"
-#include "common/quaternion.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/vector_math.h"
 #include "core/hid/hid_types.h"
@@ -101,6 +99,8 @@ struct ControllerStatus {
    VibrationValues vibration_values{};

    // Data for HID serices
+    HomeButtonState home_button_state{};
+    CaptureButtonState capture_button_state{};
    NpadButtonState npad_button_state{};
    DebugPadButton debug_pad_button_state{};
    AnalogSticks analog_stick_state{};
@@ -167,8 +167,11 @@ public:
     */
    void SetSupportedNpadStyleTag(NpadStyleTag supported_styles);

-    /// Sets the connected status to true
-    void Connect();
+    /**
+     * Sets the connected status to true
+     * @param use_temporary_value If true tmp_npad_type will be used
+     */
+    void Connect(bool use_temporary_value = false);

    /// Sets the connected status to false
    void Disconnect();
@@ -195,6 +198,15 @@ public:
    /// Returns the emulated controller into normal mode, allowing the modification of the HID state
    void DisableConfiguration();

+    /// Enables Home and Screenshot buttons
+    void EnableSystemButtons();
+
+    /// Disables Home and Screenshot buttons
+    void DisableSystemButtons();
+
+    /// Sets Home and Screenshot buttons to false
+    void ResetSystemButtons();
+
    /// Returns true if the emulated controller is in configuring mode
    bool IsConfiguring() const;

@@ -258,7 +270,13 @@ public:
    /// Returns the latest battery status from the controller with parameters
    BatteryValues GetBatteryValues() const;

-    /// Returns the latest status of button input for the npad service
+    /// Returns the latest status of button input for the hid::HomeButton service
+    HomeButtonState GetHomeButtons() const;
+
+    /// Returns the latest status of button input for the hid::CaptureButton service
+    CaptureButtonState GetCaptureButtons() const;
+
+    /// Returns the latest status of button input for the hid::Npad service
    NpadButtonState GetNpadButtons() const;

    /// Returns the latest status of button input for the debug pad service
@@ -281,16 +299,23 @@ public:

    /**
     * Sends a specific vibration to the output device
-     * @return returns true if vibration had no errors
+     * @return true if vibration had no errors
     */
    bool SetVibration(std::size_t device_index, VibrationValue vibration);

    /**
     * Sends a small vibration to the output device
-     * @return returns true if SetVibration was successfull
+     * @return true if SetVibration was successfull
     */
    bool TestVibration(std::size_t device_index);

+    /**
+     * Sets the desired data to be polled from a controller
+     * @param polling_mode type of input desired buttons, gyro, nfc, ir, etc.
+     * @return true if SetPollingMode was successfull
+     */
+    bool SetPollingMode(Common::Input::PollingMode polling_mode);
+
    /// Returns the led pattern corresponding to this emulated controller
    LedPattern GetLedPattern() const;

@@ -317,11 +342,18 @@ private:
    /// Set the params for TAS devices
    void LoadTASParams();

+    /**
+     * @param use_temporary_value If true tmp_npad_type will be used
+     * @return true if the controller style is fullkey
+     */
+    bool IsControllerFullkey(bool use_temporary_value = false) const;
+
    /**
     * Checks the current controller type against the supported_style_tag
+     * @param use_temporary_value If true tmp_npad_type will be used
     * @return true if the controller is supported
     */
-    bool IsControllerSupported() const;
+    bool IsControllerSupported(bool use_temporary_value = false) const;

    /**
     * Updates the button status of the controller
@@ -373,6 +405,7 @@ private:
    NpadStyleTag supported_style_tag{NpadStyleSet::All};
    bool is_connected{false};
    bool is_configuring{false};
+    bool system_buttons_enabled{true};
    f32 motion_sensitivity{0.01f};
    bool force_update_motion{false};

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

 #include <memory>

+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "core/hid/hid_types.h"

 namespace Core::HID {
@@ -378,6 +378,26 @@ struct LedPattern {
    };
 };

+struct HomeButtonState {
+    union {
+        u64 raw{};
+
+        // Buttons
+        BitField<0, 1, u64> home;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(HomeButtonState) == 0x8, "HomeButtonState has incorrect size.");
+
+struct CaptureButtonState {
+    union {
+        u64 raw{};
+
+        // Buttons
+        BitField<0, 1, u64> capture;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(CaptureButtonState) == 0x8, "CaptureButtonState has incorrect size.");
+
 struct NpadButtonState {
    union {
        NpadButton raw{};
@@ -496,6 +516,13 @@ struct VibrationValue {
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(VibrationValue) == 0x10, "VibrationValue has incorrect size.");

+constexpr VibrationValue DEFAULT_VIBRATION_VALUE{
+    .low_amplitude = 0.0f,
+    .low_frequency = 160.0f,
+    .high_amplitude = 0.0f,
+    .high_frequency = 320.0f,
+};
+
 // This is nn::hid::VibrationDeviceInfo
 struct VibrationDeviceInfo {
    VibrationDeviceType type{};
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Common::Input::BatteryStatus TransformToBattery(const Common::Input::CallbackSta
        if (value > 0.8f) {
            battery = Common::Input::BatteryLevel::Full;
        }
-        if (value >= 1.0f) {
+        if (value >= 0.95f) {
            battery = Common::Input::BatteryLevel::Charging;
        }
        break;
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Common::Input::MotionStatus TransformToMotion(const Common::Input::CallbackStatu
        if (TransformToButton(callback).value) {
            std::random_device device;
            std::mt19937 gen(device());
-            std::uniform_int_distribution<s16> distribution(-1000, 1000);
+            std::uniform_int_distribution<s16> distribution(-5000, 5000);
            status.accel.x.raw_value = static_cast<f32>(distribution(gen)) * 0.001f;
            status.accel.y.raw_value = static_cast<f32>(distribution(gen)) * 0.001f;
            status.accel.z.raw_value = static_cast<f32>(distribution(gen)) * 0.001f;
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ namespace Core::HID {
 MotionInput::MotionInput() {
    // Initialize PID constants with default values
    SetPID(0.3f, 0.005f, 0.0f);
+    SetGyroThreshold(0.007f);
 }

 void MotionInput::SetPID(f32 new_kp, f32 new_ki, f32 new_kd) {
@@ -23,14 +24,14 @@ void MotionInput::SetAcceleration(const Common::Vec3f& acceleration) {
 }

 void MotionInput::SetGyroscope(const Common::Vec3f& gyroscope) {
-    gyro = gyroscope - gyro_drift;
+    gyro = gyroscope - gyro_bias;

    // Auto adjust drift to minimize drift
    if (!IsMoving(0.1f)) {
-        gyro_drift = (gyro_drift * 0.9999f) + (gyroscope * 0.0001f);
+        gyro_bias = (gyro_bias * 0.9999f) + (gyroscope * 0.0001f);
    }

-    if (gyro.Length2() < gyro_threshold) {
+    if (gyro.Length() < gyro_threshold) {
        gyro = {};
    } else {
        only_accelerometer = false;
@@ -41,8 +42,8 @@ void MotionInput::SetQuaternion(const Common::Quaternion<f32>& quaternion) {
    quat = quaternion;
 }

-void MotionInput::SetGyroDrift(const Common::Vec3f& drift) {
-    gyro_drift = drift;
+void MotionInput::SetGyroBias(const Common::Vec3f& bias) {
+    gyro_bias = bias;
 }

 void MotionInput::SetGyroThreshold(f32 threshold) {
@@ -192,6 +193,10 @@ Common::Vec3f MotionInput::GetGyroscope() const {
    return gyro;
 }

+Common::Vec3f MotionInput::GetGyroBias() const {
+    return gyro_bias;
+}
+
 Common::Quaternion<f32> MotionInput::GetQuaternion() const {
    return quat;
 }
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public:
    void SetAcceleration(const Common::Vec3f& acceleration);
    void SetGyroscope(const Common::Vec3f& gyroscope);
    void SetQuaternion(const Common::Quaternion<f32>& quaternion);
-    void SetGyroDrift(const Common::Vec3f& drift);
+    void SetGyroBias(const Common::Vec3f& bias);
    void SetGyroThreshold(f32 threshold);

    void EnableReset(bool reset);
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ public:
    [[nodiscard]] std::array<Common::Vec3f, 3> GetOrientation() const;
    [[nodiscard]] Common::Vec3f GetAcceleration() const;
    [[nodiscard]] Common::Vec3f GetGyroscope() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] Common::Vec3f GetGyroBias() const;
    [[nodiscard]] Common::Vec3f GetRotations() const;
    [[nodiscard]] Common::Quaternion<f32> GetQuaternion() const;

@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ private:
    Common::Vec3f gyro;

    // Vector to be substracted from gyro measurements
-    Common::Vec3f gyro_drift;
+    Common::Vec3f gyro_bias;

    // Minimum gyro amplitude to detect if the device is moving
    f32 gyro_threshold = 0.0f;
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ public:
    T PopRaw();

    template <class T>
-    std::shared_ptr<T> PopIpcInterface() {
+    std::weak_ptr<T> PopIpcInterface() {
        ASSERT(context->Session()->IsDomain());
        ASSERT(context->GetDomainMessageHeader().input_object_count > 0);
        return context->GetDomainHandler<T>(Pop<u32>() - 1);
@@ -404,6 +404,11 @@ inline s32 RequestParser::Pop() {
    return static_cast<s32>(Pop<u32>());
 }

+// Ignore the -Wclass-memaccess warning on memcpy for non-trivially default constructible objects.
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wclass-memaccess"
+#endif
 template <typename T>
 void RequestParser::PopRaw(T& value) {
    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>,
@@ -411,6 +416,9 @@ void RequestParser::PopRaw(T& value) {
    std::memcpy(&value, cmdbuf + index, sizeof(T));
    index += (sizeof(T) + 3) / 4; // round up to word length
 }
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif

 template <typename T>
 T RequestParser::PopRaw() {
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Kernel {
+
+constexpr inline PAddr MainMemoryAddress = 0x80000000;
+
+} // namespace Kernel
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <random>

 #include "common/literals.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"

 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/secure_monitor.h"
@@ -28,33 +29,20 @@ namespace {

 using namespace Common::Literals;

-u32 GetMemoryModeForInit() {
-    return 0x01;
-}
-
 u32 GetMemorySizeForInit() {
-    return 0;
+    return Settings::values.use_extended_memory_layout ? Smc::MemorySize_6GB : Smc::MemorySize_4GB;
 }

 Smc::MemoryArrangement GetMemoryArrangeForInit() {
-    switch (GetMemoryModeForInit() & 0x3F) {
-    case 0x01:
-    default:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB;
-    case 0x02:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForAppletDev;
-    case 0x03:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForSystemDev;
-    case 0x11:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB;
-    case 0x12:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GBForAppletDev;
-    case 0x21:
-        return Smc::MemoryArrangement_8GB;
-    }
+    return Settings::values.use_extended_memory_layout ? Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB
+                                                       : Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB;
 }
 } // namespace

+size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetRealMemorySize() {
+    return GetIntendedMemorySize();
+}
+
 // Initialization.
 size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize() {
    switch (GetMemorySizeForInit()) {
@@ -69,7 +57,13 @@ size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize() {
 }

 PAddr KSystemControl::Init::GetKernelPhysicalBaseAddress(u64 base_address) {
-    return base_address;
+    const size_t real_dram_size = KSystemControl::Init::GetRealMemorySize();
+    const size_t intended_dram_size = KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize();
+    if (intended_dram_size * 2 < real_dram_size) {
+        return base_address;
+    } else {
+        return base_address + ((real_dram_size - intended_dram_size) / 2);
+    }
 }

 bool KSystemControl::Init::ShouldIncreaseThreadResourceLimit() {
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ public:
    class Init {
    public:
        // Initialization.
+        static std::size_t GetRealMemorySize();
        static std::size_t GetIntendedMemorySize();
        static PAddr GetKernelPhysicalBaseAddress(u64 base_address);
        static bool ShouldIncreaseThreadResourceLimit();
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/global_scheduler_context.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_scheduler.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/physical_core.h"

 namespace Kernel {

@@ -42,6 +43,11 @@ void GlobalSchedulerContext::PreemptThreads() {
    for (u32 core_id = 0; core_id < Core::Hardware::NUM_CPU_CORES; core_id++) {
        const u32 priority = preemption_priorities[core_id];
        kernel.Scheduler(core_id).RotateScheduledQueue(core_id, priority);
+
+        // Signal an interrupt occurred. For core 3, this is a certainty, as preemption will result
+        // in the rotator thread being scheduled. For cores 0-2, this is to simulate or system
+        // interrupts that may have occurred.
+        kernel.PhysicalCore(core_id).Interrupt();
    }
 }

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ bool SessionRequestManager::HasSessionRequestHandler(const HLERequestContext& co
            LOG_CRITICAL(IPC, "object_id {} is too big!", object_id);
            return false;
        }
-        return DomainHandler(object_id - 1) != nullptr;
+        return DomainHandler(object_id - 1).lock() != nullptr;
    } else {
        return session_handler != nullptr;
    }
@@ -53,9 +53,6 @@ bool SessionRequestManager::HasSessionRequestHandler(const HLERequestContext& co

 void SessionRequestHandler::ClientConnected(KServerSession* session) {
    session->ClientConnected(shared_from_this());
-
-    // Ensure our server session is tracked globally.
-    kernel.RegisterServerSession(session);
 }

 void SessionRequestHandler::ClientDisconnected(KServerSession* session) {
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ protected:
    std::weak_ptr<ServiceThread> service_thread;
 };

+using SessionRequestHandlerWeakPtr = std::weak_ptr<SessionRequestHandler>;
 using SessionRequestHandlerPtr = std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestHandler>;

 /**
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ public:
        }
    }

-    SessionRequestHandlerPtr DomainHandler(std::size_t index) const {
+    SessionRequestHandlerWeakPtr DomainHandler(std::size_t index) const {
        ASSERT_MSG(index < DomainHandlerCount(), "Unexpected handler index {}", index);
        return domain_handlers.at(index);
    }
@@ -328,10 +329,10 @@ public:

    template <typename T>
    std::shared_ptr<T> GetDomainHandler(std::size_t index) const {
-        return std::static_pointer_cast<T>(manager->DomainHandler(index));
+        return std::static_pointer_cast<T>(manager.lock()->DomainHandler(index).lock());
    }

-    void SetSessionRequestManager(std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestManager> manager_) {
+    void SetSessionRequestManager(std::weak_ptr<SessionRequestManager> manager_) {
        manager = std::move(manager_);
    }

@@ -341,10 +342,6 @@ public:
        return *thread;
    }

-    bool IsThreadWaiting() const {
-        return is_thread_waiting;
-    }
-
 private:
    friend class IPC::ResponseBuilder;

@@ -378,8 +375,7 @@ private:
    u32 handles_offset{};
    u32 domain_offset{};

-    std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestManager> manager;
-    bool is_thread_waiting{};
+    std::weak_ptr<SessionRequestManager> manager;

    KernelCore& kernel;
    Core::Memory::Memory& memory;
@@ -7,19 +7,23 @@
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/device_memory.h"
 #include "core/hardware_properties.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/init/init_slab_setup.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_code_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_buffer.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_port.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_process.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_resource_limit.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_session.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_shared_memory.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_shared_memory_info.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_system_control.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_thread.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_thread_local_page.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_transfer_memory.h"

 namespace Kernel::Init {
@@ -32,9 +36,13 @@ namespace Kernel::Init {
    HANDLER(KEvent, (SLAB_COUNT(KEvent)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                                           \
    HANDLER(KPort, (SLAB_COUNT(KPort)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                                             \
    HANDLER(KSharedMemory, (SLAB_COUNT(KSharedMemory)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                             \
+    HANDLER(KSharedMemoryInfo, (SLAB_COUNT(KSharedMemory) * 8), ##__VA_ARGS__)                     \
    HANDLER(KTransferMemory, (SLAB_COUNT(KTransferMemory)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                         \
    HANDLER(KCodeMemory, (SLAB_COUNT(KCodeMemory)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                                 \
    HANDLER(KSession, (SLAB_COUNT(KSession)), ##__VA_ARGS__)                                       \
+    HANDLER(KThreadLocalPage,                                                                      \
+            (SLAB_COUNT(KProcess) + (SLAB_COUNT(KProcess) + SLAB_COUNT(KThread)) / 8),             \
+            ##__VA_ARGS__)                                                                         \
    HANDLER(KResourceLimit, (SLAB_COUNT(KResourceLimit)), ##__VA_ARGS__)

 namespace {
@@ -50,38 +58,46 @@ enum KSlabType : u32 {
 // Constexpr counts.
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKProcess = 80;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKThread = 800;
-constexpr size_t SlabCountKEvent = 700;
+constexpr size_t SlabCountKEvent = 900;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKInterruptEvent = 100;
-constexpr size_t SlabCountKPort = 256 + 0x20; // Extra 0x20 ports over Nintendo for homebrew.
+constexpr size_t SlabCountKPort = 384;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKSharedMemory = 80;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKTransferMemory = 200;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKCodeMemory = 10;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKDeviceAddressSpace = 300;
-constexpr size_t SlabCountKSession = 933;
+constexpr size_t SlabCountKSession = 1133;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKLightSession = 100;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKObjectName = 7;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKResourceLimit = 5;
 constexpr size_t SlabCountKDebug = Core::Hardware::NUM_CPU_CORES;
-constexpr size_t SlabCountKAlpha = 1;
-constexpr size_t SlabCountKBeta = 6;
+constexpr size_t SlabCountKIoPool = 1;
+constexpr size_t SlabCountKIoRegion = 6;

 constexpr size_t SlabCountExtraKThread = 160;

+/// Helper function to translate from the slab virtual address to the reserved location in physical
+/// memory.
+static PAddr TranslateSlabAddrToPhysical(KMemoryLayout& memory_layout, VAddr slab_addr) {
+    slab_addr -= memory_layout.GetSlabRegionAddress();
+    return slab_addr + Core::DramMemoryMap::SlabHeapBase;
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 VAddr InitializeSlabHeap(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout, VAddr address,
                         size_t num_objects) {
-    // TODO(bunnei): This is just a place holder. We should initialize the appropriate KSlabHeap for
-    // kernel object type T with the backing kernel memory pointer once we emulate kernel memory.

    const size_t size = Common::AlignUp(sizeof(T) * num_objects, alignof(void*));
    VAddr start = Common::AlignUp(address, alignof(T));

-    // This is intentionally empty. Once KSlabHeap is fully implemented, we can replace this with
-    // the pointer to emulated memory to pass along. Until then, KSlabHeap will just allocate/free
-    // host memory.
-    void* backing_kernel_memory{};
+    // This should use the virtual memory address passed in, but currently, we do not setup the
+    // kernel virtual memory layout. Instead, we simply map these at a region of physical memory
+    // that we reserve for the slab heaps.
+    // TODO(bunnei): Fix this once we support the kernel virtual memory layout.

    if (size > 0) {
+        void* backing_kernel_memory{
+            system.DeviceMemory().GetPointer(TranslateSlabAddrToPhysical(memory_layout, start))};
+
        const KMemoryRegion* region = memory_layout.FindVirtual(start + size - 1);
        ASSERT(region != nullptr);
        ASSERT(region->IsDerivedFrom(KMemoryRegionType_KernelSlab));
@@ -91,6 +107,12 @@ VAddr InitializeSlabHeap(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout, VAd
    return start + size;
 }

+size_t CalculateSlabHeapGapSize() {
+    constexpr size_t KernelSlabHeapGapSize = 2_MiB - 296_KiB;
+    static_assert(KernelSlabHeapGapSize <= KernelSlabHeapGapsSizeMax);
+    return KernelSlabHeapGapSize;
+}
+
 } // namespace

 KSlabResourceCounts KSlabResourceCounts::CreateDefault() {
@@ -109,8 +131,8 @@ KSlabResourceCounts KSlabResourceCounts::CreateDefault() {
        .num_KObjectName = SlabCountKObjectName,
        .num_KResourceLimit = SlabCountKResourceLimit,
        .num_KDebug = SlabCountKDebug,
-        .num_KAlpha = SlabCountKAlpha,
-        .num_KBeta = SlabCountKBeta,
+        .num_KIoPool = SlabCountKIoPool,
+        .num_KIoRegion = SlabCountKIoRegion,
    };
 }

@@ -136,11 +158,34 @@ size_t CalculateTotalSlabHeapSize(const KernelCore& kernel) {
 #undef ADD_SLAB_SIZE

    // Add the reserved size.
-    size += KernelSlabHeapGapsSize;
+    size += CalculateSlabHeapGapSize();

    return size;
 }

+void InitializeKPageBufferSlabHeap(Core::System& system) {
+    auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
+
+    const auto& counts = kernel.SlabResourceCounts();
+    const size_t num_pages =
+        counts.num_KProcess + counts.num_KThread + (counts.num_KProcess + counts.num_KThread) / 8;
+    const size_t slab_size = num_pages * PageSize;
+
+    // Reserve memory from the system resource limit.
+    ASSERT(kernel.GetSystemResourceLimit()->Reserve(LimitableResource::PhysicalMemory, slab_size));
+
+    // Allocate memory for the slab.
+    constexpr auto AllocateOption = KMemoryManager::EncodeOption(
+        KMemoryManager::Pool::System, KMemoryManager::Direction::FromFront);
+    const PAddr slab_address =
+        kernel.MemoryManager().AllocateAndOpenContinuous(num_pages, 1, AllocateOption);
+    ASSERT(slab_address != 0);
+
+    // Initialize the slabheap.
+    KPageBuffer::InitializeSlabHeap(kernel, system.DeviceMemory().GetPointer(slab_address),
+                                    slab_size);
+}
+
 void InitializeSlabHeaps(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
    auto& kernel = system.Kernel();

@@ -160,13 +205,13 @@ void InitializeSlabHeaps(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
    }

    // Create an array to represent the gaps between the slabs.
-    const size_t total_gap_size = KernelSlabHeapGapsSize;
+    const size_t total_gap_size = CalculateSlabHeapGapSize();
    std::array<size_t, slab_types.size()> slab_gaps;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < slab_gaps.size(); i++) {
+    for (auto& slab_gap : slab_gaps) {
        // Note: This is an off-by-one error from Nintendo's intention, because GenerateRandomRange
        // is inclusive. However, Nintendo also has the off-by-one error, and it's "harmless", so we
        // will include it ourselves.
-        slab_gaps[i] = KSystemControl::GenerateRandomRange(0, total_gap_size);
+        slab_gap = KSystemControl::GenerateRandomRange(0, total_gap_size);
    }

    // Sort the array, so that we can treat differences between values as offsets to the starts of
@@ -177,13 +222,21 @@ void InitializeSlabHeaps(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
        }
    }

-    for (size_t i = 0; i < slab_types.size(); i++) {
+    // Track the gaps, so that we can free them to the unused slab tree.
+    VAddr gap_start = address;
+    size_t gap_size = 0;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < slab_gaps.size(); i++) {
        // Add the random gap to the address.
-        address += (i == 0) ? slab_gaps[0] : slab_gaps[i] - slab_gaps[i - 1];
+        const auto cur_gap = (i == 0) ? slab_gaps[0] : slab_gaps[i] - slab_gaps[i - 1];
+        address += cur_gap;
+        gap_size += cur_gap;

 #define INITIALIZE_SLAB_HEAP(NAME, COUNT, ...)                                                     \
    case KSlabType_##NAME:                                                                         \
-        address = InitializeSlabHeap<NAME>(system, memory_layout, address, COUNT);                 \
+        if (COUNT > 0) {                                                                           \
+            address = InitializeSlabHeap<NAME>(system, memory_layout, address, COUNT);             \
+        }                                                                                          \
        break;

        // Initialize the slabheap.
@@ -192,7 +245,13 @@ void InitializeSlabHeaps(Core::System& system, KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
            FOREACH_SLAB_TYPE(INITIALIZE_SLAB_HEAP)
            // If we somehow get an invalid type, abort.
        default:
-            UNREACHABLE();
+            UNREACHABLE_MSG("Unknown slab type: {}", slab_types[i]);
+        }
+
+        // If we've hit the end of a gap, free it.
+        if (gap_start + gap_size != address) {
+            gap_start = address;
+            gap_size = 0;
        }
    }
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More