libusb: Apple is a POSIX system

vulkan_device: Make device memory match the rest of the file

.ci/scripts/windows/docker.sh

@@ -18,19 +18,20 @@ cd ..
 mkdir package
 
 if [ -d "/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins/platforms/" ]; then
-  QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins/platforms/'
+  QT_PLUGINS_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt5/plugins'
 else
   #fallback to qt
-  QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt/plugins/platforms/'
+  QT_PLUGINS_PATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/qt/plugins'
 fi
 
 find build/ -name "yuzu*.exe" -exec cp {} 'package' \;
 
 # copy Qt plugins
 mkdir package/platforms
-cp "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/qwindows.dll" package/platforms/
-cp -rv "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/../mediaservice/" package/
-cp -rv "${QT_PLATFORM_DLL_PATH}/../imageformats/" package/
+cp -v "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/platforms/qwindows.dll" package/platforms/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/mediaservice/" package/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/imageformats/" package/
+cp -rv "${QT_PLUGINS_PATH}/styles/" package/
 rm -f package/mediaservice/*d.dll
 
 for i in package/*.exe; do

.gitmodules

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 	url = https://github.com/libusb/libusb.git
 [submodule "discord-rpc"]
     path = externals/discord-rpc
-    url = https://github.com/discordapp/discord-rpc.git
+    url = https://github.com/discord/discord-rpc.git
 [submodule "Vulkan-Headers"]
     path = externals/Vulkan-Headers
     url = https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Headers.git
@@ -43,3 +43,6 @@
 [submodule "SDL"]
 	path = externals/SDL
 	url = https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL.git
+[submodule "externals/cpp-httplib"]
+	path = externals/cpp-httplib
+	url = https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib.git

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ option(ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE "Enable web services (telemetry, etc.)" ON)
 
 option(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_BOOST "Download bundled Boost" OFF)
 
+option(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_LIBUSB "Compile bundled libusb" OFF)
+
 CMAKE_DEPENDENT_OPTION(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG "Download/Build bundled FFmpeg" ON "WIN32" OFF)
 
 option(YUZU_USE_QT_WEB_ENGINE "Use QtWebEngine for web applet implementation" OFF)
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ macro(yuzu_find_packages)
     set(REQUIRED_LIBS
     #    Cmake Pkg Prefix  Version     Conan Pkg
         "Catch2            2.13        catch2/2.13.0"
-        "fmt               7.1         fmt/7.1.2"
+        "fmt               8.0         fmt/8.0.0"
         "lz4               1.8         lz4/1.9.2"
         "nlohmann_json     3.8         nlohmann_json/3.8.0"
         "ZLIB              1.2         zlib/1.2.11"
@@ -420,14 +422,22 @@ elseif (TARGET Boost::boost)
 endif()
 
 # Ensure libusb is properly configured (based on dolphin libusb include)
-if(NOT APPLE)
+if(NOT APPLE AND NOT YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_LIBUSB)
     include(FindPkgConfig)
-    find_package(LibUSB)
-endif()
-if (NOT LIBUSB_FOUND)
-    add_subdirectory(externals/libusb)
-    set(LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/externals/libusb/libusb/libusb")
-    set(LIBUSB_LIBRARIES usb)
+    if (PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBUSB QUIET libusb-1.0>=1.0.24)
+    else()
+        find_package(LibUSB)
+    endif()
+
+    if (LIBUSB_FOUND)
+        add_library(usb INTERFACE)
+        target_include_directories(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+        target_link_libraries(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUSB_LIBRARIES}")
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "libusb not found, falling back to externals")
+        set(YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_LIBUSB ON)
+    endif()
 endif()
 
 # List of all FFmpeg components required

README.md

@@ -1,43 +1,80 @@
-yuzu emulator
-=============
-[![Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu)
-[![Azure Mainline CI Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/_apis/build/status/yuzu%20mainline?branchName=master)](https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/)
-[![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/398318088170242053?color=%237289DA&label=yuzu&logo=discord&logoColor=white)](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY)
+<h1 align="center">
+  <br>
+  <a href="https://yuzu-emu.org/"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu-assets/master/icons/icon.png" alt="yuzu" width="200"></a>
+  <br>
+  <b>yuzu</b>
+  <br>
+</h1>
 
-yuzu is an experimental open-source emulator for the Nintendo Switch from the creators of [Citra](https://citra-emu.org/).
+<h4 align="center"><b>yuzu</b> is the world's most popular, open-source, Nintendo Switch emulator — started by the creators of <a href="https://citra-emu.org" target="_blank">Citra</a>.
+<br>
+It is written in C++ with portability in mind, and we actively maintain builds for Windows and Linux.
+</h4>
 
-It is written in C++ with portability in mind, with builds actively maintained for Windows and Linux. The emulator is capable of running several commercial games.
+<p align="center">
+    <a href="https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/">
+        <img src="https://dev.azure.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/_apis/build/status/yuzu%20mainline?branchName=master"
+            alt="Azure Mainline CI Build Status">
+    </a>
+    <a href="https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/discord/398318088170242053?color=%237289DA&label=yuzu&logo=discord&logoColor=white"
+            alt="Discord">
+    </a>
+</p>
 
-yuzu only emulates a subset of Switch hardware and therefore most commercial games **do not** run at full speed or are not fully functional.
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="#compatibility">Compatibility</a> |
+  <a href="#development">Development</a> |
+  <a href="#building">Building</a> |
+  <a href="#download">Download</a> |
+  <a href="#support">Support</a> |
+  <a href="#license">License</a>
+</p>
 
-Do you want to check which games are compatible and which ones are not? Please visit our [Compatibility page](https://yuzu-emu.org/game/)!
+## Compatibility
 
-yuzu is licensed under the GPLv2 (or any later version). Refer to the license.txt file included.
+The emulator is capable of running most commercial games at full speed, provided you meet the [necessary hardware requirements](https://yuzu-emu.org/help/quickstart/#hardware-requirements).
 
-Check out our [website](https://yuzu-emu.org/)!
+For a full list of games yuzu support, please visit our [Compatibility page](https://yuzu-emu.org/game/) 
 
-For development discussion, please join us on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY).
+Check out our [website](https://yuzu-emu.org/) for the latest news on exciting features, monthly progress reports, and more!
 
-### Development
+## Development
 
-Most of the development happens on GitHub. It's also where [our central repository](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu) is hosted.
+Most of the development happens on GitHub. It's also where [our central repository](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu) is hosted. For development discussion, please join us on [Discord](https://discord.com/invite/u77vRWY).
 
-If you want to contribute please take a look at the [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Contributing) and [Developer Information](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Developer-Information). You should also contact any of the developers on Discord in order to know about the current state of the emulator.
+If you want to contribute, please take a look at the [Contributor's Guide](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Contributing) and [Developer Information](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Developer-Information). 
+You can also contact any of the developers on Discord in order to know about the current state of the emulator.
 
-If you want to contribute to the user interface translation, please check out the [yuzu project on transifex](https://www.transifex.com/yuzu-emulator/yuzu). We centralize translation work there, and periodically upstream translations.
+If you want to contribute to the user interface translation project, please check out the [yuzu project on transifex](https://www.transifex.com/yuzu-emulator/yuzu). We centralize translation work there, and periodically upstream translations.
 
-### Building
+## Building
 
 * __Windows__: [Windows Build](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Building-For-Windows)
 * __Linux__: [Linux Build](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/wiki/Building-For-Linux)
 
+## Download
 
-### Support
-We happily accept monetary donations, or donated games and hardware. Please see our [donations page](https://yuzu-emu.org/donate/) for more information on how you can contribute to yuzu. Any donations received will go towards things like:
+You can download the latest releases automatically via the installer on our [downloads](https://yuzu-emu.org/downloads/) page.
+
+
+## Support
+
+If you enjoy the project and want to support us financially, check out our Patreon!
+
+<a href="https://www.patreon.com/yuzuteam">
+    <img src="https://c5.patreon.com/external/logo/become_a_patron_button@2x.png" width="160">
+</a>
+
+Any donations received will go towards things like:
 * Switch consoles to explore and reverse-engineer the hardware
 * Switch games for testing, reverse-engineering, and implementing new features
 * Web hosting and infrastructure setup
 * Software licenses (e.g. Visual Studio, IDA Pro, etc.)
 * Additional hardware (e.g. GPUs as-needed to improve rendering support, other peripherals to add support for, etc.)
 
-We also more than gladly accept used Switch consoles, preferably ones with firmware 3.0.0 or lower! If you would like to give yours away, don't hesitate to join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/VXqngT3) and talk to bunnei. You may also contact: donations@yuzu-emu.org.
+If you wish to support us a different way, please join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/u77vRWY) and talk to bunnei. You may also contact: donations@yuzu-emu.org.
+
+## License
+
+yuzu is licensed under the GPLv2 (or any later version). Refer to the [license.txt](https://github.com/yuzu-emu/yuzu/blob/master/license.txt) file.

externals/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -45,13 +45,18 @@ target_include_directories(microprofile INTERFACE ./microprofile)
 add_library(unicorn-headers INTERFACE)
 target_include_directories(unicorn-headers INTERFACE ./unicorn/include)
 
+# libusb
+if (NOT LIBUSB_FOUND OR YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_LIBUSB)
+    add_subdirectory(libusb)
+endif()
+
 # SDL2
 if (NOT SDL2_FOUND AND ENABLE_SDL2)
     if (NOT WIN32)
-        # Yuzu itself needs: Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Timers
+        # Yuzu itself needs: Events Joystick Haptic Sensor Timers Audio
         # Yuzu-cmd also needs: Video (depends on Loadso/Dlopen)
         set(SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS
-            Atomic Audio Render Power Threads
+            Atomic Render Power Threads
             File CPUinfo Filesystem Locale)
         foreach(_SUB ${SDL_UNUSED_SUBSYSTEMS})
           string(TOUPPER ${_SUB} _OPT)
@@ -110,7 +115,7 @@ if (ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE)
 
     # httplib
     add_library(httplib INTERFACE)
-    target_include_directories(httplib INTERFACE ./httplib)
+    target_include_directories(httplib INTERFACE ./cpp-httplib)
     target_compile_definitions(httplib INTERFACE -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT)
     target_link_libraries(httplib INTERFACE ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES})
     if (WIN32)

externals/httplib/README.md

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-From https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/tree/ff5677ad197947177c158fe857caff4f0e242045 with https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/pull/701
-
-MIT License
-
-===
-
-cpp-httplib
-
-A C++11 header-only HTTP library.
-
-It's extremely easy to setup. Just include httplib.h file in your code!
-
-Inspired by Sinatra and express.
-
-© 2017 Yuji Hirose

externals/libusb/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-if (MINGW)
-    # The MinGW toolchain for some reason doesn't work with this CMakeLists file after updating to
-    # 1.0.24, so we do it the old-fashioned way for now. We may want to move native Linux toolchains
-    # to here, too (TODO lat9nq?).
+if (MINGW OR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux") OR APPLE)
+    set(LIBUSB_FOUND ON CACHE BOOL "libusb is present" FORCE)
+    set(LIBUSB_VERSION "1.0.24" CACHE STRING "libusb version string" FORCE)
+
+    # GNU toolchains for some reason doesn't work with the later half of this CMakeLists after
+    # updating to 1.0.24, so we do it the old-fashioned way for now.
 
     set(LIBUSB_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libusb")
     set(LIBUSB_SRC_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libusb")
+
     # Workarounds for MSYS/MinGW
     if (MSYS)
         # CMake on Windows passes `C:/`, but we need `/C/` or `/c/` to use `configure`
@@ -19,36 +22,42 @@ if (MINGW)
 
     set(LIBUSB_CONFIGURE "${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}/configure")
     set(LIBUSB_MAKEFILE "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/Makefile")
-    set(LIBUSB_LIBRARY "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/libusb/.libs/libusb-1.0.dll.a")
-    set(LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/libusb/.libs/libusb-1.0.dll")
-    set(LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/libusb-1.0.dll")
 
-    # Causes "externals/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/windows_winusb.c:1427:2: error: conversion to non-scalar type requested", so cannot statically link it for now.
-    # set(LIBUSB_CFLAGS "-DGUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE=\\(GUID\\){0xA5DCBF10,0x6530,0x11D2,{0x90,0x1F,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x51,0xED}}")
+    if (MINGW)
+        set(LIBUSB_LIBRARIES "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/libusb/.libs/libusb-1.0.dll.a" CACHE PATH "libusb library path" FORCE)
+        set(LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/libusb/.libs/libusb-1.0.dll")
+        set(LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/libusb-1.0.dll")
+
+        set(LIBUSB_CONFIGURE_ARGS --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --build=x86_64-windows)
+    else()
+        set(LIBUSB_LIBRARIES "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}/libusb/.libs/libusb-1.0.a" CACHE PATH "libusb library path" FORCE)
+    endif()
+
+    set(LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIRS "${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}/libusb" CACHE PATH "libusb headers path" FORCE)
+
+    # MINGW: causes "externals/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/windows_winusb.c:1427:2: error: conversion to non-scalar type requested", so cannot statically link it for now.
+    if (NOT MINGW)
+        set(LIBUSB_CFLAGS "-DGUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE=\\(GUID\\){0xA5DCBF10,0x6530,0x11D2,{0x90,0x1F,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x51,0xED}}")
+    endif()
 
     make_directory("${LIBUSB_PREFIX}")
 
     add_custom_command(
         OUTPUT
-            "${LIBUSB_LIBRARY}"
+            "${LIBUSB_LIBRARIES}"
         COMMAND
             make
         WORKING_DIRECTORY
             "${LIBUSB_PREFIX}"
     )
 
-    # We may use this path for other GNU toolchains, so put all of the MinGW-specific stuff here
-    if (MINGW)
-        set(LIBUSB_CONFIGURE_ARGS --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --build=x86_64-windows)
-    endif()
-
     add_custom_command(
         OUTPUT
             "${LIBUSB_MAKEFILE}"
         COMMAND
-            # /bin/env
-            #     CFLAGS="${LIBUSB_CFLAGS}"
-            /bin/sh "${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE}"
+            env
+                CFLAGS="${LIBUSB_CFLAGS}"
+            sh "${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE}"
                 ${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                 --srcdir="${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}"
         WORKING_DIRECTORY
@@ -59,7 +68,7 @@ if (MINGW)
         OUTPUT
             "${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE}"
         COMMAND
-            /bin/sh "${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}/bootstrap.sh"
+            sh "${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}/bootstrap.sh"
         WORKING_DIRECTORY
             "${LIBUSB_SRC_DIR}"
     )
@@ -68,19 +77,30 @@ if (MINGW)
         OUTPUT
             "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST}"
         COMMAND
-            /bin/cp "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY}" "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST}"
+            cp "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY}" "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST}"
     )
 
-    add_custom_target(usb-bootstrap ALL DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE}")
-    add_custom_target(usb-configure ALL DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_MAKEFILE}" usb-bootstrap)
-    add_custom_target(usb-build ALL DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_LIBRARY}" usb-configure)
+    add_custom_target(usb-bootstrap DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_CONFIGURE}")
+    add_custom_target(usb-configure DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_MAKEFILE}" usb-bootstrap)
+    add_custom_target(usb-build ALL DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_LIBRARIES}" usb-configure)
     # Workaround since static linking didn't work out -- We need to copy the DLL to the bin directory
     add_custom_target(usb-copy ALL DEPENDS "${LIBUSB_SHARED_LIBRARY_DEST}" usb-build)
 
-    # Make `usb` alias to LIBUSB_LIBRARY
     add_library(usb INTERFACE)
-    target_link_libraries(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUSB_LIBRARY}")
-else() # MINGW
+    add_dependencies(usb usb-copy)
+    target_link_libraries(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUSB_LIBRARIES}")
+    target_include_directories(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+
+    if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux")
+        Include(FindPkgConfig)
+        pkg_check_modules(LIBUDEV REQUIRED libudev)
+
+        if (LIBUDEV_FOUND)
+            target_include_directories(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUDEV_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+            target_link_libraries(usb INTERFACE "${LIBUDEV_STATIC_LIBRARIES}")
+        endif()
+    endif()
+else() # MINGW OR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux")
     # Ensure libusb compiles with UTF-8 encoding on MSVC
     if(MSVC)
         add_compile_options(/utf-8)
@@ -236,4 +256,4 @@ else() # MINGW
 
 
     configure_file(config.h.in config.h)
-endif() # MINGW
+endif() # MINGW OR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Linux")

src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ add_library(audio_core STATIC
     voice_context.h
 
     $<$<BOOL:${ENABLE_CUBEB}>:cubeb_sink.cpp cubeb_sink.h>
+    $<$<BOOL:${ENABLE_SDL2}>:sdl2_sink.cpp sdl2_sink.h>
 )
 
 create_target_directory_groups(audio_core)
@@ -71,3 +72,7 @@ if(ENABLE_CUBEB)
     target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE cubeb)
     target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE -DHAVE_CUBEB=1)
 endif()
+if(ENABLE_SDL2)
+    target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE SDL2)
+    target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
+endif()

src/audio_core/sdl2_sink.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstring>
+#include "audio_core/sdl2_sink.h"
+#include "audio_core/stream.h"
+#include "audio_core/time_stretch.h"
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+//#include "common/settings.h"
+
+// Ignore -Wimplicit-fallthrough due to https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/4307
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wimplicit-fallthrough"
+#endif
+#include <SDL.h>
+#ifdef __clang__
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+class SDLSinkStream final : public SinkStream {
+public:
+    SDLSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels_, const std::string& output_device)
+        : num_channels{std::min(num_channels_, 6u)}, time_stretch{sample_rate, num_channels} {
+
+        SDL_AudioSpec spec;
+        spec.freq = sample_rate;
+        spec.channels = static_cast<u8>(num_channels);
+        spec.format = AUDIO_S16SYS;
+        spec.samples = 4096;
+        spec.callback = nullptr;
+
+        SDL_AudioSpec obtained;
+        if (output_device.empty()) {
+            dev = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(nullptr, 0, &spec, &obtained, 0);
+        } else {
+            dev = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(output_device.c_str(), 0, &spec, &obtained, 0);
+        }
+
+        if (dev == 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "Error opening sdl audio device: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SDL_PauseAudioDevice(dev, 0);
+    }
+
+    ~SDLSinkStream() override {
+        if (dev == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SDL_CloseAudioDevice(dev);
+    }
+
+    void EnqueueSamples(u32 source_num_channels, const std::vector<s16>& samples) override {
+        if (source_num_channels > num_channels) {
+            // Downsample 6 channels to 2
+            ASSERT_MSG(source_num_channels == 6, "Channel count must be 6");
+
+            std::vector<s16> buf;
+            buf.reserve(samples.size() * num_channels / source_num_channels);
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < samples.size(); i += source_num_channels) {
+                // Downmixing implementation taken from the ATSC standard
+                const s16 left{samples[i + 0]};
+                const s16 right{samples[i + 1]};
+                const s16 center{samples[i + 2]};
+                const s16 surround_left{samples[i + 4]};
+                const s16 surround_right{samples[i + 5]};
+                // Not used in the ATSC reference implementation
+                [[maybe_unused]] const s16 low_frequency_effects{samples[i + 3]};
+
+                constexpr s32 clev{707}; // center mixing level coefficient
+                constexpr s32 slev{707}; // surround mixing level coefficient
+
+                buf.push_back(static_cast<s16>(left + (clev * center / 1000) +
+                                               (slev * surround_left / 1000)));
+                buf.push_back(static_cast<s16>(right + (clev * center / 1000) +
+                                               (slev * surround_right / 1000)));
+            }
+            int ret = SDL_QueueAudio(dev, static_cast<const void*>(buf.data()),
+                                     static_cast<u32>(buf.size() * sizeof(s16)));
+            if (ret < 0)
+                LOG_WARNING(Audio_Sink, "Could not queue audio buffer: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int ret = SDL_QueueAudio(dev, static_cast<const void*>(samples.data()),
+                                 static_cast<u32>(samples.size() * sizeof(s16)));
+        if (ret < 0)
+            LOG_WARNING(Audio_Sink, "Could not queue audio buffer: {}", SDL_GetError());
+    }
+
+    std::size_t SamplesInQueue(u32 channel_count) const override {
+        if (dev == 0)
+            return 0;
+
+        return SDL_GetQueuedAudioSize(dev) / (channel_count * sizeof(s16));
+    }
+
+    void Flush() override {
+        should_flush = true;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetNumChannels() const {
+        return num_channels;
+    }
+
+private:
+    SDL_AudioDeviceID dev = 0;
+    u32 num_channels{};
+    std::atomic<bool> should_flush{};
+    TimeStretcher time_stretch;
+};
+
+SDLSink::SDLSink(std::string_view target_device_name) {
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (target_device_name != auto_device_name && !target_device_name.empty()) {
+        output_device = target_device_name;
+    } else {
+        output_device.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+SDLSink::~SDLSink() = default;
+
+SinkStream& SDLSink::AcquireSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels, const std::string&) {
+    sink_streams.push_back(
+        std::make_unique<SDLSinkStream>(sample_rate, num_channels, output_device));
+    return *sink_streams.back();
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> ListSDLSinkDevices() {
+    std::vector<std::string> device_list;
+
+    if (!SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        if (SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Audio_Sink, "SDL_InitSubSystem audio failed: {}", SDL_GetError());
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    const int device_count = SDL_GetNumAudioDevices(0);
+    for (int i = 0; i < device_count; ++i) {
+        device_list.emplace_back(SDL_GetAudioDeviceName(i, 0));
+    }
+
+    return device_list;
+}
+
+} // namespace AudioCore

src/audio_core/sdl2_sink.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "audio_core/sink.h"
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+class SDLSink final : public Sink {
+public:
+    explicit SDLSink(std::string_view device_id);
+    ~SDLSink() override;
+
+    SinkStream& AcquireSinkStream(u32 sample_rate, u32 num_channels,
+                                  const std::string& name) override;
+
+private:
+    std::string output_device;
+    std::vector<SinkStreamPtr> sink_streams;
+};
+
+std::vector<std::string> ListSDLSinkDevices();
+
+} // namespace AudioCore

src/audio_core/sink_context.h

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
 #include "audio_core/common.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"

src/audio_core/sink_details.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #ifdef HAVE_CUBEB
 #include "audio_core/cubeb_sink.h"
 #endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SDL2
+#include "audio_core/sdl2_sink.h"
+#endif
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 
 namespace AudioCore {
@@ -35,6 +38,13 @@ constexpr SinkDetails sink_details[] = {
                     return std::make_unique<CubebSink>(device_id);
                 },
                 &ListCubebSinkDevices},
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SDL2
+    SinkDetails{"sdl2",
+                [](std::string_view device_id) -> std::unique_ptr<Sink> {
+                    return std::make_unique<SDLSink>(device_id);
+                },
+                &ListSDLSinkDevices},
 #endif
     SinkDetails{"null",
                 [](std::string_view device_id) -> std::unique_ptr<Sink> {

src/audio_core/stream.cpp

@@ -107,9 +107,12 @@ void Stream::PlayNextBuffer(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
     active_buffer = queued_buffers.front();
     queued_buffers.pop();
 
-    VolumeAdjustSamples(active_buffer->GetSamples(), game_volume);
+    auto& samples = active_buffer->GetSamples();
 
-    sink_stream.EnqueueSamples(GetNumChannels(), active_buffer->GetSamples());
+    VolumeAdjustSamples(samples, game_volume);
+
+    sink_stream.EnqueueSamples(GetNumChannels(), samples);
+    played_samples += samples.size();
 
     const auto buffer_release_ns = GetBufferReleaseNS(*active_buffer);
 

src/audio_core/stream.h

@@ -89,6 +89,11 @@ public:
         return sample_rate;
     }
 
+    /// Gets the number of samples played so far
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 GetPlayedSampleCount() const {
+        return played_samples;
+    }
+
     /// Gets the number of channels
     [[nodiscard]] u32 GetNumChannels() const;
 
@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@ private:
     [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::nanoseconds GetBufferReleaseNS(const Buffer& buffer) const;
 
     u32 sample_rate;                  ///< Sample rate of the stream
+    u64 played_samples{};             ///< The current played sample count
     Format format;                    ///< Format of the stream
     float game_volume = 1.0f;         ///< The volume the game currently has set
     ReleaseCallback release_callback; ///< Buffer release callback for the stream

src/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     cityhash.cpp
     cityhash.h
     common_funcs.h
-    common_sizes.h
     common_types.h
     concepts.h
     div_ceil.h
@@ -131,7 +130,10 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     hash.h
     hex_util.cpp
     hex_util.h
+    host_memory.cpp
+    host_memory.h
     intrusive_red_black_tree.h
+    literals.h
     logging/backend.cpp
     logging/backend.h
     logging/filter.cpp
@@ -139,6 +141,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     logging/log.h
     logging/text_formatter.cpp
     logging/text_formatter.h
+    logging/types.h
     lz4_compression.cpp
     lz4_compression.h
     math_util.h

src/common/common_sizes.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <limits>
-
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-
-namespace Common {
-
-enum : u64 {
-    Size_1_KB = 0x400ULL,
-    Size_64_KB = 64ULL * Size_1_KB,
-    Size_128_KB = 128ULL * Size_1_KB,
-    Size_1_MB = 0x100000ULL,
-    Size_2_MB = 2ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_4_MB = 4ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_5_MB = 5ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_14_MB = 14ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_32_MB = 32ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_33_MB = 33ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_128_MB = 128ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_448_MB = 448ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_507_MB = 507ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_562_MB = 562ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_1554_MB = 1554ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_2048_MB = 2048ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_2193_MB = 2193ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_3285_MB = 3285ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_4916_MB = 4916ULL * Size_1_MB,
-    Size_1_GB = 0x40000000ULL,
-    Size_2_GB = 2ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_4_GB = 4ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_6_GB = 6ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_8_GB = 8ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_64_GB = 64ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_512_GB = 512ULL * Size_1_GB,
-    Size_Invalid = std::numeric_limits<u64>::max(),
-};
-
-} // namespace Common

src/common/detached_tasks.cpp

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ void DetachedTasks::WaitForAllTasks() {
 }
 
 DetachedTasks::~DetachedTasks() {
+    WaitForAllTasks();
+
     std::unique_lock lock{mutex};
     ASSERT(count == 0);
     instance = nullptr;

src/common/fs/file.cpp

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ std::string ReadStringFromFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type)
 
 size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
                          std::string_view string) {
-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
         return 0;
     }
 
@@ -183,11 +183,7 @@ size_t WriteStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
 
 size_t AppendStringToFile(const std::filesystem::path& path, FileType type,
                           std::string_view string) {
-    if (!Exists(path)) {
-        return WriteStringToFile(path, type, string);
-    }
-
-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
         return 0;
     }
 
@@ -309,7 +305,11 @@ bool IOFile::Flush() const {
 
     errno = 0;
 
-    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && _commit(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#else
+    const auto flush_result = std::fflush(file) == 0 && fsync(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#endif
 
     if (!flush_result) {
         const auto ec = std::error_code{errno, std::generic_category()};

src/common/fs/file.h

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void OpenFileStream(FileStream& file_stream, const Path& path, std::ios_base::op
 
 /**
  * Reads an entire file at path and returns a string of the contents read from the file.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns an empty string.
+ * If the filesystem object at path is not a regular file, this function returns an empty string.
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  * @param type File type
@@ -71,8 +71,9 @@ template <typename Path>
 
 /**
  * Writes a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
- * If an file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns 0.
+ * If a file already exists at path, its contents will be erased.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for writing.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  * @param type File type
@@ -95,8 +96,8 @@ template <typename Path>
 
 /**
  * Appends a string to a file at path and returns the number of characters successfully written.
- * If a file does not exist at path, WriteStringToFile is called instead.
- * If the filesystem object at path is not a file, this function returns 0.
+ * If a file does not exist at path, it creates and opens a new empty file for appending.
+ * If the filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file, this function returns 0.
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  * @param type File type
@@ -395,11 +396,11 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] size_t WriteString(std::span<const char> string) const;
 
     /**
-     * Flushes any unwritten buffered data into the file.
+     * Attempts to flush any unwritten buffered data into the file and flush the file into the disk.
      *
      * @returns True if the flush was successful, false otherwise.
      */
-    [[nodiscard]] bool Flush() const;
+    bool Flush() const;
 
     /**
      * Resizes the file to a given size.

src/common/fs/fs.cpp

@@ -135,8 +135,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<IOFile> FileOpen(const fs::path& path, FileAccessMode mode, File
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    if (!IsFile(path)) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Filesystem object at path={} is not a file",
+    if (Exists(path) && !IsFile(path)) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
+                  "Filesystem object at path={} exists and is not a regular file",
                   PathToUTF8String(path));
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -321,7 +322,8 @@ bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const fs::path& path) {
 
     std::error_code ec;
 
-    for (const auto& entry : fs::recursive_directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
+    // TODO (Morph): Replace this with recursive_directory_iterator once it's fixed in MSVC.
+    for (const auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
         if (ec) {
             LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem,
                       "Failed to completely enumerate the directory at path={}, ec_message={}",
@@ -337,6 +339,12 @@ bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const fs::path& path) {
                       PathToUTF8String(entry.path()), ec.message());
             break;
         }
+
+        // TODO (Morph): Remove this when MSVC fixes recursive_directory_iterator.
+        // recursive_directory_iterator throws an exception despite passing in a std::error_code.
+        if (entry.status().type() == fs::file_type::directory) {
+            return RemoveDirContentsRecursively(entry.path());
+        }
     }
 
     if (ec) {
@@ -475,7 +483,8 @@ void IterateDirEntriesRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path,
 
     std::error_code ec;
 
-    for (const auto& entry : fs::recursive_directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
+    // TODO (Morph): Replace this with recursive_directory_iterator once it's fixed in MSVC.
+    for (const auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(path, ec)) {
         if (ec) {
             break;
         }
@@ -495,6 +504,12 @@ void IterateDirEntriesRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path,
                 break;
             }
         }
+
+        // TODO (Morph): Remove this when MSVC fixes recursive_directory_iterator.
+        // recursive_directory_iterator throws an exception despite passing in a std::error_code.
+        if (entry.status().type() == fs::file_type::directory) {
+            IterateDirEntriesRecursively(entry.path(), callback, filter);
+        }
     }
 
     if (callback_error || ec) {

src/common/fs/fs.h

@@ -48,18 +48,18 @@ template <typename Path>
  *
  * Failures occur when:
  * - Input path is not valid
- * - Filesystem object at path is not a file
+ * - Filesystem object at path is not a regular file
  * - Filesystem at path is read only
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  *
  * @returns True if file removal succeeds or file does not exist, false otherwise.
  */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveFile(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveFile(const Path& path) {
     if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
         return RemoveFile(ToU8String(path));
     } else {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ template <typename Path>
  * Failures occur when:
  * - One or both input path(s) is not valid
  * - Filesystem object at old_path does not exist
- * - Filesystem object at old_path is not a file
+ * - Filesystem object at old_path is not a regular file
  * - Filesystem object at new_path exists
  * - Filesystem at either path is read only
  *
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ template <typename Path1, typename Path2>
  *
  * Failures occur when:
  * - Input path is not valid
- * - Filesystem object at path is not a file
- * - The file is not opened
+ * - Filesystem object at path exists and is not a regular file
+ * - The file is not open
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  * @param mode File access mode
@@ -251,11 +251,11 @@ template <typename Path>
  *
  * @returns True if directory removal succeeds or directory does not exist, false otherwise.
  */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDir(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDir(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDir(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDir(const Path& path) {
     if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
         return RemoveDir(ToU8String(path));
     } else {
@@ -276,11 +276,11 @@ template <typename Path>
  *
  * @returns True if the directory and all of its contents are removed successfully, false otherwise.
  */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDirRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirRecursively(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDirRecursively(const Path& path) {
     if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
         return RemoveDirRecursively(ToU8String(path));
     } else {
@@ -301,11 +301,11 @@ template <typename Path>
  *
  * @returns True if all of the directory's contents are removed successfully, false otherwise.
  */
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
+bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 template <typename Path>
-[[nodiscard]] bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const Path& path) {
+bool RemoveDirContentsRecursively(const Path& path) {
     if constexpr (IsChar<typename Path::value_type>) {
         return RemoveDirContentsRecursively(ToU8String(path));
     } else {
@@ -435,11 +435,13 @@ template <typename Path>
 #endif
 
 /**
- * Returns whether a filesystem object at path is a file.
+ * Returns whether a filesystem object at path is a regular file.
+ * A regular file is a file that stores text or binary data.
+ * It is not a directory, symlink, FIFO, socket, block device, or character device.
  *
  * @param path Filesystem path
  *
- * @returns True if a filesystem object at path is a file, false otherwise.
+ * @returns True if a filesystem object at path is a regular file, false otherwise.
  */
 [[nodiscard]] bool IsFile(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 

src/common/hex_util.h

@@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ template <typename ContiguousContainer>
     std::string out;
     out.reserve(std::size(data) * pad_width);
 
+    const auto format_str = fmt::runtime(upper ? "{:02X}" : "{:02x}");
     for (const u8 c : data) {
-        out += fmt::format(upper ? "{:02X}" : "{:02x}", c);
+        out += fmt::format(format_str, c);
     }
 
     return out;

src/common/host_memory.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <boost/icl/separate_interval_set.hpp>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "common/dynamic_library.h"
+
+#elif defined(__linux__) // ^^^ Windows ^^^ vvv Linux vvv
+
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#endif
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#endif // ^^^ Linux ^^^
+
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/host_memory.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
+
+namespace Common {
+
+constexpr size_t PageAlignment = 0x1000;
+constexpr size_t HugePageSize = 0x200000;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+// Manually imported for MinGW compatibility
+#ifndef MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER
+#define MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER 0x00040000
+#endif
+#ifndef MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER
+#define MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER 0x00004000
+#endif
+#ifndef MEM_COALESCE_PLACEHOLDERS
+#define MEM_COALESCE_PLACEHOLDERS 0x00000001
+#endif
+#ifndef MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER
+#define MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER 0x00000002
+#endif
+
+using PFN_CreateFileMapping2 = _Ret_maybenull_ HANDLE(WINAPI*)(
+    _In_ HANDLE File, _In_opt_ SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES* SecurityAttributes, _In_ ULONG DesiredAccess,
+    _In_ ULONG PageProtection, _In_ ULONG AllocationAttributes, _In_ ULONG64 MaximumSize,
+    _In_opt_ PCWSTR Name,
+    _Inout_updates_opt_(ParameterCount) MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER* ExtendedParameters,
+    _In_ ULONG ParameterCount);
+
+using PFN_VirtualAlloc2 = _Ret_maybenull_ PVOID(WINAPI*)(
+    _In_opt_ HANDLE Process, _In_opt_ PVOID BaseAddress, _In_ SIZE_T Size,
+    _In_ ULONG AllocationType, _In_ ULONG PageProtection,
+    _Inout_updates_opt_(ParameterCount) MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER* ExtendedParameters,
+    _In_ ULONG ParameterCount);
+
+using PFN_MapViewOfFile3 = _Ret_maybenull_ PVOID(WINAPI*)(
+    _In_ HANDLE FileMapping, _In_opt_ HANDLE Process, _In_opt_ PVOID BaseAddress,
+    _In_ ULONG64 Offset, _In_ SIZE_T ViewSize, _In_ ULONG AllocationType, _In_ ULONG PageProtection,
+    _Inout_updates_opt_(ParameterCount) MEM_EXTENDED_PARAMETER* ExtendedParameters,
+    _In_ ULONG ParameterCount);
+
+using PFN_UnmapViewOfFile2 = BOOL(WINAPI*)(_In_ HANDLE Process, _In_ PVOID BaseAddress,
+                                           _In_ ULONG UnmapFlags);
+
+template <typename T>
+static void GetFuncAddress(Common::DynamicLibrary& dll, const char* name, T& pfn) {
+    if (!dll.GetSymbol(name, &pfn)) {
+        LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to load {}", name);
+        throw std::bad_alloc{};
+    }
+}
+
+class HostMemory::Impl {
+public:
+    explicit Impl(size_t backing_size_, size_t virtual_size_)
+        : backing_size{backing_size_}, virtual_size{virtual_size_}, process{GetCurrentProcess()},
+          kernelbase_dll("Kernelbase") {
+        if (!kernelbase_dll.IsOpen()) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to load Kernelbase.dll");
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+        GetFuncAddress(kernelbase_dll, "CreateFileMapping2", pfn_CreateFileMapping2);
+        GetFuncAddress(kernelbase_dll, "VirtualAlloc2", pfn_VirtualAlloc2);
+        GetFuncAddress(kernelbase_dll, "MapViewOfFile3", pfn_MapViewOfFile3);
+        GetFuncAddress(kernelbase_dll, "UnmapViewOfFile2", pfn_UnmapViewOfFile2);
+
+        // Allocate backing file map
+        backing_handle =
+            pfn_CreateFileMapping2(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, nullptr, FILE_MAP_WRITE | FILE_MAP_READ,
+                                   PAGE_READWRITE, SEC_COMMIT, backing_size, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+        if (!backing_handle) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to allocate {} MiB of backing memory",
+                         backing_size >> 20);
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+        // Allocate a virtual memory for the backing file map as placeholder
+        backing_base = static_cast<u8*>(pfn_VirtualAlloc2(process, nullptr, backing_size,
+                                                          MEM_RESERVE | MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER,
+                                                          PAGE_NOACCESS, nullptr, 0));
+        if (!backing_base) {
+            Release();
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to reserve {} MiB of virtual memory",
+                         backing_size >> 20);
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+        // Map backing placeholder
+        void* const ret = pfn_MapViewOfFile3(backing_handle, process, backing_base, 0, backing_size,
+                                             MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER, PAGE_READWRITE, nullptr, 0);
+        if (ret != backing_base) {
+            Release();
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to map {} MiB of virtual memory", backing_size >> 20);
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+        // Allocate virtual address placeholder
+        virtual_base = static_cast<u8*>(pfn_VirtualAlloc2(process, nullptr, virtual_size,
+                                                          MEM_RESERVE | MEM_RESERVE_PLACEHOLDER,
+                                                          PAGE_NOACCESS, nullptr, 0));
+        if (!virtual_base) {
+            Release();
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to reserve {} GiB of virtual memory",
+                         virtual_size >> 30);
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~Impl() {
+        Release();
+    }
+
+    void Map(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {
+        std::unique_lock lock{placeholder_mutex};
+        if (!IsNiechePlaceholder(virtual_offset, length)) {
+            Split(virtual_offset, length);
+        }
+        ASSERT(placeholders.find({virtual_offset, virtual_offset + length}) == placeholders.end());
+        TrackPlaceholder(virtual_offset, host_offset, length);
+
+        MapView(virtual_offset, host_offset, length);
+    }
+
+    void Unmap(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{placeholder_mutex};
+
+        // Unmap until there are no more placeholders
+        while (UnmapOnePlaceholder(virtual_offset, length)) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    void Protect(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length, bool read, bool write) {
+        DWORD new_flags{};
+        if (read && write) {
+            new_flags = PAGE_READWRITE;
+        } else if (read && !write) {
+            new_flags = PAGE_READONLY;
+        } else if (!read && !write) {
+            new_flags = PAGE_NOACCESS;
+        } else {
+            UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Protection flag combination read={} write={}", read, write);
+        }
+        const size_t virtual_end = virtual_offset + length;
+
+        std::lock_guard lock{placeholder_mutex};
+        auto [it, end] = placeholders.equal_range({virtual_offset, virtual_end});
+        while (it != end) {
+            const size_t offset = std::max(it->lower(), virtual_offset);
+            const size_t protect_length = std::min(it->upper(), virtual_end) - offset;
+            DWORD old_flags{};
+            if (!VirtualProtect(virtual_base + offset, protect_length, new_flags, &old_flags)) {
+                LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to change virtual memory protect rules");
+            }
+            ++it;
+        }
+    }
+
+    const size_t backing_size; ///< Size of the backing memory in bytes
+    const size_t virtual_size; ///< Size of the virtual address placeholder in bytes
+
+    u8* backing_base{};
+    u8* virtual_base{};
+
+private:
+    /// Release all resources in the object
+    void Release() {
+        if (!placeholders.empty()) {
+            for (const auto& placeholder : placeholders) {
+                if (!pfn_UnmapViewOfFile2(process, virtual_base + placeholder.lower(),
+                                          MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER)) {
+                    LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to unmap virtual memory placeholder");
+                }
+            }
+            Coalesce(0, virtual_size);
+        }
+        if (virtual_base) {
+            if (!VirtualFree(virtual_base, 0, MEM_RELEASE)) {
+                LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to free virtual memory");
+            }
+        }
+        if (backing_base) {
+            if (!pfn_UnmapViewOfFile2(process, backing_base, MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER)) {
+                LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to unmap backing memory placeholder");
+            }
+            if (!VirtualFreeEx(process, backing_base, 0, MEM_RELEASE)) {
+                LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to free backing memory");
+            }
+        }
+        if (!CloseHandle(backing_handle)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to free backing memory file handle");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Unmap one placeholder in the given range (partial unmaps are supported)
+    /// Return true when there are no more placeholders to unmap
+    bool UnmapOnePlaceholder(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+        const auto it = placeholders.find({virtual_offset, virtual_offset + length});
+        const auto begin = placeholders.begin();
+        const auto end = placeholders.end();
+        if (it == end) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const size_t placeholder_begin = it->lower();
+        const size_t placeholder_end = it->upper();
+        const size_t unmap_begin = std::max(virtual_offset, placeholder_begin);
+        const size_t unmap_end = std::min(virtual_offset + length, placeholder_end);
+        ASSERT(unmap_begin >= placeholder_begin && unmap_begin < placeholder_end);
+        ASSERT(unmap_end <= placeholder_end && unmap_end > placeholder_begin);
+
+        const auto host_pointer_it = placeholder_host_pointers.find(placeholder_begin);
+        ASSERT(host_pointer_it != placeholder_host_pointers.end());
+        const size_t host_offset = host_pointer_it->second;
+
+        const bool split_left = unmap_begin > placeholder_begin;
+        const bool split_right = unmap_end < placeholder_end;
+
+        if (!pfn_UnmapViewOfFile2(process, virtual_base + placeholder_begin,
+                                  MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to unmap placeholder");
+        }
+        // If we have to remap memory regions due to partial unmaps, we are in a data race as
+        // Windows doesn't support remapping memory without unmapping first. Avoid adding any extra
+        // logic within the panic region described below.
+
+        // Panic region, we are in a data race right now
+        if (split_left || split_right) {
+            Split(unmap_begin, unmap_end - unmap_begin);
+        }
+        if (split_left) {
+            MapView(placeholder_begin, host_offset, unmap_begin - placeholder_begin);
+        }
+        if (split_right) {
+            MapView(unmap_end, host_offset + unmap_end - placeholder_begin,
+                    placeholder_end - unmap_end);
+        }
+        // End panic region
+
+        size_t coalesce_begin = unmap_begin;
+        if (!split_left) {
+            // Try to coalesce pages to the left
+            coalesce_begin = it == begin ? 0 : std::prev(it)->upper();
+            if (coalesce_begin != placeholder_begin) {
+                Coalesce(coalesce_begin, unmap_end - coalesce_begin);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!split_right) {
+            // Try to coalesce pages to the right
+            const auto next = std::next(it);
+            const size_t next_begin = next == end ? virtual_size : next->lower();
+            if (placeholder_end != next_begin) {
+                // We can coalesce to the right
+                Coalesce(coalesce_begin, next_begin - coalesce_begin);
+            }
+        }
+        // Remove and reinsert placeholder trackers
+        UntrackPlaceholder(it);
+        if (split_left) {
+            TrackPlaceholder(placeholder_begin, host_offset, unmap_begin - placeholder_begin);
+        }
+        if (split_right) {
+            TrackPlaceholder(unmap_end, host_offset + unmap_end - placeholder_begin,
+                             placeholder_end - unmap_end);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void MapView(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {
+        if (!pfn_MapViewOfFile3(backing_handle, process, virtual_base + virtual_offset, host_offset,
+                                length, MEM_REPLACE_PLACEHOLDER, PAGE_READWRITE, nullptr, 0)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to map placeholder");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void Split(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+        if (!VirtualFreeEx(process, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(virtual_base + virtual_offset), length,
+                           MEM_RELEASE | MEM_PRESERVE_PLACEHOLDER)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to split placeholder");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void Coalesce(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+        if (!VirtualFreeEx(process, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(virtual_base + virtual_offset), length,
+                           MEM_RELEASE | MEM_COALESCE_PLACEHOLDERS)) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "Failed to coalesce placeholders");
+        }
+    }
+
+    void TrackPlaceholder(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {
+        placeholders.insert({virtual_offset, virtual_offset + length});
+        placeholder_host_pointers.emplace(virtual_offset, host_offset);
+    }
+
+    void UntrackPlaceholder(boost::icl::separate_interval_set<size_t>::iterator it) {
+        placeholders.erase(it);
+        placeholder_host_pointers.erase(it->lower());
+    }
+
+    /// Return true when a given memory region is a "nieche" and the placeholders don't have to be
+    /// splitted.
+    bool IsNiechePlaceholder(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) const {
+        const auto it = placeholders.upper_bound({virtual_offset, virtual_offset + length});
+        if (it != placeholders.end() && it->lower() == virtual_offset + length) {
+            const bool is_root = it == placeholders.begin() && virtual_offset == 0;
+            return is_root || std::prev(it)->upper() == virtual_offset;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    HANDLE process{};        ///< Current process handle
+    HANDLE backing_handle{}; ///< File based backing memory
+
+    DynamicLibrary kernelbase_dll;
+    PFN_CreateFileMapping2 pfn_CreateFileMapping2{};
+    PFN_VirtualAlloc2 pfn_VirtualAlloc2{};
+    PFN_MapViewOfFile3 pfn_MapViewOfFile3{};
+    PFN_UnmapViewOfFile2 pfn_UnmapViewOfFile2{};
+
+    std::mutex placeholder_mutex;                                 ///< Mutex for placeholders
+    boost::icl::separate_interval_set<size_t> placeholders;       ///< Mapped placeholders
+    std::unordered_map<size_t, size_t> placeholder_host_pointers; ///< Placeholder backing offset
+};
+
+#elif defined(__linux__) // ^^^ Windows ^^^ vvv Linux vvv
+
+class HostMemory::Impl {
+public:
+    explicit Impl(size_t backing_size_, size_t virtual_size_)
+        : backing_size{backing_size_}, virtual_size{virtual_size_} {
+        bool good = false;
+        SCOPE_EXIT({
+            if (!good) {
+                Release();
+            }
+        });
+
+        // Backing memory initialization
+        fd = memfd_create("HostMemory", 0);
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "memfd_create failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+
+        // Defined to extend the file with zeros
+        int ret = ftruncate(fd, backing_size);
+        if (ret != 0) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "ftruncate failed with {}, are you out-of-memory?",
+                         strerror(errno));
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+
+        backing_base = static_cast<u8*>(
+            mmap(nullptr, backing_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0));
+        if (backing_base == MAP_FAILED) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "mmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+
+        // Virtual memory initialization
+        virtual_base = static_cast<u8*>(
+            mmap(nullptr, virtual_size, PROT_NONE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0));
+        if (virtual_base == MAP_FAILED) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory, "mmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+            throw std::bad_alloc{};
+        }
+
+        good = true;
+    }
+
+    ~Impl() {
+        Release();
+    }
+
+    void Map(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {
+
+        void* ret = mmap(virtual_base + virtual_offset, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                         MAP_SHARED | MAP_FIXED, fd, host_offset);
+        ASSERT_MSG(ret != MAP_FAILED, "mmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+    }
+
+    void Unmap(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+        // The method name is wrong. We're still talking about the virtual range.
+        // We don't want to unmap, we want to reserve this memory.
+
+        void* ret = mmap(virtual_base + virtual_offset, length, PROT_NONE,
+                         MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED, -1, 0);
+        ASSERT_MSG(ret != MAP_FAILED, "mmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+    }
+
+    void Protect(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length, bool read, bool write) {
+        int flags = 0;
+        if (read) {
+            flags |= PROT_READ;
+        }
+        if (write) {
+            flags |= PROT_WRITE;
+        }
+        int ret = mprotect(virtual_base + virtual_offset, length, flags);
+        ASSERT_MSG(ret == 0, "mprotect failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+    }
+
+    const size_t backing_size; ///< Size of the backing memory in bytes
+    const size_t virtual_size; ///< Size of the virtual address placeholder in bytes
+
+    u8* backing_base{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(MAP_FAILED)};
+    u8* virtual_base{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(MAP_FAILED)};
+
+private:
+    /// Release all resources in the object
+    void Release() {
+        if (virtual_base != MAP_FAILED) {
+            int ret = munmap(virtual_base, virtual_size);
+            ASSERT_MSG(ret == 0, "munmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+        }
+
+        if (backing_base != MAP_FAILED) {
+            int ret = munmap(backing_base, backing_size);
+            ASSERT_MSG(ret == 0, "munmap failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+        }
+
+        if (fd != -1) {
+            int ret = close(fd);
+            ASSERT_MSG(ret == 0, "close failed: {}", strerror(errno));
+        }
+    }
+
+    int fd{-1}; // memfd file descriptor, -1 is the error value of memfd_create
+};
+
+#else // ^^^ Linux ^^^ vvv Generic vvv
+
+class HostMemory::Impl {
+public:
+    explicit Impl(size_t /*backing_size */, size_t /* virtual_size */) {
+        // This is just a place holder.
+        // Please implement fastmem in a propper way on your platform.
+        throw std::bad_alloc{};
+    }
+
+    void Map(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {}
+
+    void Unmap(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {}
+
+    void Protect(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length, bool read, bool write) {}
+
+    u8* backing_base{nullptr};
+    u8* virtual_base{nullptr};
+};
+
+#endif // ^^^ Generic ^^^
+
+HostMemory::HostMemory(size_t backing_size_, size_t virtual_size_)
+    : backing_size(backing_size_), virtual_size(virtual_size_) {
+    try {
+        // Try to allocate a fastmem arena.
+        // The implementation will fail with std::bad_alloc on errors.
+        impl = std::make_unique<HostMemory::Impl>(AlignUp(backing_size, PageAlignment),
+                                                  AlignUp(virtual_size, PageAlignment) +
+                                                      3 * HugePageSize);
+        backing_base = impl->backing_base;
+        virtual_base = impl->virtual_base;
+
+        if (virtual_base) {
+            virtual_base += 2 * HugePageSize - 1;
+            virtual_base -= reinterpret_cast<size_t>(virtual_base) & (HugePageSize - 1);
+            virtual_base_offset = virtual_base - impl->virtual_base;
+        }
+
+    } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
+        LOG_CRITICAL(HW_Memory,
+                     "Fastmem unavailable, falling back to VirtualBuffer for memory allocation");
+        fallback_buffer = std::make_unique<Common::VirtualBuffer<u8>>(backing_size);
+        backing_base = fallback_buffer->data();
+        virtual_base = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+HostMemory::~HostMemory() = default;
+
+HostMemory::HostMemory(HostMemory&&) noexcept = default;
+
+HostMemory& HostMemory::operator=(HostMemory&&) noexcept = default;
+
+void HostMemory::Map(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length) {
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(host_offset % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(length % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset + length <= virtual_size);
+    ASSERT(host_offset + length <= backing_size);
+    if (length == 0 || !virtual_base || !impl) {
+        return;
+    }
+    impl->Map(virtual_offset + virtual_base_offset, host_offset, length);
+}
+
+void HostMemory::Unmap(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length) {
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(length % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset + length <= virtual_size);
+    if (length == 0 || !virtual_base || !impl) {
+        return;
+    }
+    impl->Unmap(virtual_offset + virtual_base_offset, length);
+}
+
+void HostMemory::Protect(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length, bool read, bool write) {
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(length % PageAlignment == 0);
+    ASSERT(virtual_offset + length <= virtual_size);
+    if (length == 0 || !virtual_base || !impl) {
+        return;
+    }
+    impl->Protect(virtual_offset + virtual_base_offset, length, read, write);
+}
+
+} // namespace Common

src/common/host_memory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/virtual_buffer.h"
+
+namespace Common {
+
+/**
+ * A low level linear memory buffer, which supports multiple mappings
+ * Its purpose is to rebuild a given sparse memory layout, including mirrors.
+ */
+class HostMemory {
+public:
+    explicit HostMemory(size_t backing_size_, size_t virtual_size_);
+    ~HostMemory();
+
+    /**
+     * Copy constructors. They shall return a copy of the buffer without the mappings.
+     * TODO: Implement them with COW if needed.
+     */
+    HostMemory(const HostMemory& other) = delete;
+    HostMemory& operator=(const HostMemory& other) = delete;
+
+    /**
+     * Move constructors. They will move the buffer and the mappings to the new object.
+     */
+    HostMemory(HostMemory&& other) noexcept;
+    HostMemory& operator=(HostMemory&& other) noexcept;
+
+    void Map(size_t virtual_offset, size_t host_offset, size_t length);
+
+    void Unmap(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length);
+
+    void Protect(size_t virtual_offset, size_t length, bool read, bool write);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u8* BackingBasePointer() noexcept {
+        return backing_base;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] const u8* BackingBasePointer() const noexcept {
+        return backing_base;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u8* VirtualBasePointer() noexcept {
+        return virtual_base;
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] const u8* VirtualBasePointer() const noexcept {
+        return virtual_base;
+    }
+
+private:
+    size_t backing_size{};
+    size_t virtual_size{};
+
+    // Low level handler for the platform dependent memory routines
+    class Impl;
+    std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl;
+    u8* backing_base{};
+    u8* virtual_base{};
+    size_t virtual_base_offset{};
+
+    // Fallback if fastmem is not supported on this platform
+    std::unique_ptr<Common::VirtualBuffer<u8>> fallback_buffer;
+};
+
+} // namespace Common

src/common/literals.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Common::Literals {
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_KiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024ULL * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_MiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_KiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_GiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_MiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_TiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_GiB * x;
+}
+
+constexpr u64 operator""_PiB(unsigned long long int x) {
+    return 1024_TiB * x;
+}
+
+} // namespace Common::Literals

src/common/logging/backend.cpp

@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/fs/file.h"
 #include "common/fs/fs.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
+
 #include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/logging/text_formatter.h"
@@ -97,8 +100,8 @@ private:
                 write_logs(entry);
             }
 
-            // Drain the logging queue. Only writes out up to MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE to prevent a case
-            // where a system is repeatedly spamming logs even on close.
+            // Drain the logging queue. Only writes out up to MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE to prevent a
+            // case where a system is repeatedly spamming logs even on close.
             const int MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE = filter.IsDebug() ? INT_MAX : 100;
             int logs_written = 0;
             while (logs_written++ < MAX_LOGS_TO_WRITE && message_queue.Pop(entry)) {
@@ -140,10 +143,14 @@ private:
     std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point time_origin{std::chrono::steady_clock::now()};
 };
 
+ConsoleBackend::~ConsoleBackend() = default;
+
 void ConsoleBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
     PrintMessage(entry);
 }
 
+ColorConsoleBackend::~ColorConsoleBackend() = default;
+
 void ColorConsoleBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
     PrintColoredMessage(entry);
 }
@@ -154,19 +161,23 @@ FileBackend::FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path& filename) {
 
     // Existence checks are done within the functions themselves.
     // We don't particularly care if these succeed or not.
-    void(FS::RemoveFile(old_filename));
+    FS::RemoveFile(old_filename);
     void(FS::RenameFile(filename, old_filename));
 
-    file = FS::IOFile(filename, FS::FileAccessMode::Write, FS::FileType::TextFile);
+    file =
+        std::make_unique<FS::IOFile>(filename, FS::FileAccessMode::Write, FS::FileType::TextFile);
 }
 
+FileBackend::~FileBackend() = default;
+
 void FileBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
+    using namespace Common::Literals;
     // prevent logs from going over the maximum size (in case its spamming and the user doesn't
     // know)
-    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 100 * 1024 * 1024;
-    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN_EXTENDED = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 100_MiB;
+    constexpr std::size_t MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN_EXTENDED = 1_GiB;
 
-    if (!file.IsOpen()) {
+    if (!file->IsOpen()) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -176,147 +187,20 @@ void FileBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
         return;
     }
 
-    bytes_written += file.WriteString(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n'));
+    bytes_written += file->WriteString(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n'));
     if (entry.log_level >= Level::Error) {
-        void(file.Flush());
+        file->Flush();
     }
 }
 
+DebuggerBackend::~DebuggerBackend() = default;
+
 void DebuggerBackend::Write(const Entry& entry) {
 #ifdef _WIN32
     ::OutputDebugStringW(UTF8ToUTF16W(FormatLogMessage(entry).append(1, '\n')).c_str());
 #endif
 }
 
-/// Macro listing all log classes. Code should define CLS and SUB as desired before invoking this.
-#define ALL_LOG_CLASSES()                                                                          \
-    CLS(Log)                                                                                       \
-    CLS(Common)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Common, Filesystem)                                                                        \
-    SUB(Common, Memory)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Core)                                                                                      \
-    SUB(Core, ARM)                                                                                 \
-    SUB(Core, Timing)                                                                              \
-    CLS(Config)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(Debug)                                                                                     \
-    SUB(Debug, Emulated)                                                                           \
-    SUB(Debug, GPU)                                                                                \
-    SUB(Debug, Breakpoint)                                                                         \
-    SUB(Debug, GDBStub)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Kernel)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Kernel, SVC)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Service)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(Service, ACC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Audio)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, AM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, AOC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, APM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, ARP)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, BCAT)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, BPC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, BGTC)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, BTDRV)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, BTM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Capture)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Service, ERPT)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, ETicket)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Service, EUPLD)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, Fatal)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, FGM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, Friend)                                                                           \
-    SUB(Service, FS)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, GRC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, HID)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, IRS)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LBL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LDN)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LDR)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, LM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, Migration)                                                                        \
-    SUB(Service, Mii)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, MM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, NCM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NFC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NFP)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NIFM)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, NIM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, NPNS)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, NS)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, NVDRV)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, OLSC)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCIE)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCTL)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, PCV)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, PM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, PREPO)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Service, PSC)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, PSM)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SET)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SM)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, SPL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, SSL)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, TCAP)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, Time)                                                                             \
-    SUB(Service, USB)                                                                              \
-    SUB(Service, VI)                                                                               \
-    SUB(Service, WLAN)                                                                             \
-    CLS(HW)                                                                                        \
-    SUB(HW, Memory)                                                                                \
-    SUB(HW, LCD)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(HW, GPU)                                                                                   \
-    SUB(HW, AES)                                                                                   \
-    CLS(IPC)                                                                                       \
-    CLS(Frontend)                                                                                  \
-    CLS(Render)                                                                                    \
-    SUB(Render, Software)                                                                          \
-    SUB(Render, OpenGL)                                                                            \
-    SUB(Render, Vulkan)                                                                            \
-    CLS(Audio)                                                                                     \
-    SUB(Audio, DSP)                                                                                \
-    SUB(Audio, Sink)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Input)                                                                                     \
-    CLS(Network)                                                                                   \
-    CLS(Loader)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(CheatEngine)                                                                               \
-    CLS(Crypto)                                                                                    \
-    CLS(WebService)
-
-// GetClassName is a macro defined by Windows.h, grrr...
-const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class) {
-    switch (log_class) {
-#define CLS(x)                                                                                     \
-    case Class::x:                                                                                 \
-        return #x;
-#define SUB(x, y)                                                                                  \
-    case Class::x##_##y:                                                                           \
-        return #x "." #y;
-        ALL_LOG_CLASSES()
-#undef CLS
-#undef SUB
-    case Class::Count:
-        break;
-    }
-    return "Invalid";
-}
-
-const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level) {
-#define LVL(x)                                                                                     \
-    case Level::x:                                                                                 \
-        return #x
-    switch (log_level) {
-        LVL(Trace);
-        LVL(Debug);
-        LVL(Info);
-        LVL(Warning);
-        LVL(Error);
-        LVL(Critical);
-    case Level::Count:
-        break;
-    }
-#undef LVL
-    return "Invalid";
-}
-
 void SetGlobalFilter(const Filter& filter) {
     Impl::Instance().SetGlobalFilter(filter);
 }

src/common/logging/backend.h

@@ -1,36 +1,24 @@
 // Copyright 2014 Citra Emulator Project
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
 #pragma once
 
-#include <chrono>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
-#include "common/fs/file.h"
 #include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 
+namespace Common::FS {
+class IOFile;
+}
+
 namespace Common::Log {
 
 class Filter;
 
-/**
- * A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
- * formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
- */
-struct Entry {
-    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
-    Class log_class{};
-    Level log_level{};
-    const char* filename = nullptr;
-    unsigned int line_num = 0;
-    std::string function;
-    std::string message;
-    bool final_entry = false;
-};
-
 /**
  * Interface for logging backends. As loggers can be created and removed at runtime, this can be
  * used by a frontend for adding a custom logging backend as needed
@@ -38,6 +26,7 @@ struct Entry {
 class Backend {
 public:
     virtual ~Backend() = default;
+
     virtual void SetFilter(const Filter& new_filter) {
         filter = new_filter;
     }
@@ -53,6 +42,8 @@ private:
  */
 class ConsoleBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~ConsoleBackend() override;
+
     static const char* Name() {
         return "console";
     }
@@ -67,6 +58,8 @@ public:
  */
 class ColorConsoleBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~ColorConsoleBackend() override;
+
     static const char* Name() {
         return "color_console";
     }
@@ -83,6 +76,7 @@ public:
 class FileBackend : public Backend {
 public:
     explicit FileBackend(const std::filesystem::path& filename);
+    ~FileBackend() override;
 
     static const char* Name() {
         return "file";
@@ -95,7 +89,7 @@ public:
     void Write(const Entry& entry) override;
 
 private:
-    FS::IOFile file;
+    std::unique_ptr<FS::IOFile> file;
     std::size_t bytes_written = 0;
 };
 
@@ -104,6 +98,8 @@ private:
  */
 class DebuggerBackend : public Backend {
 public:
+    ~DebuggerBackend() override;
+
     static const char* Name() {
         return "debugger";
     }
@@ -119,17 +115,6 @@ void RemoveBackend(std::string_view backend_name);
 
 Backend* GetBackend(std::string_view backend_name);
 
-/**
- * Returns the name of the passed log class as a C-string. Subclasses are separated by periods
- * instead of underscores as in the enumeration.
- */
-const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class);
-
-/**
- * Returns the name of the passed log level as a C-string.
- */
-const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level);
-
 /**
  * The global filter will prevent any messages from even being processed if they are filtered. Each
  * backend can have a filter, but if the level is lower than the global filter, the backend will

src/common/logging/filter.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"
 
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ Level GetLevelByName(const It begin, const It end) {
 
 template <typename It>
 Class GetClassByName(const It begin, const It end) {
-    for (ClassType i = 0; i < static_cast<ClassType>(Class::Count); ++i) {
+    for (u8 i = 0; i < static_cast<u8>(Class::Count); ++i) {
         const char* level_name = GetLogClassName(static_cast<Class>(i));
         if (Common::ComparePartialString(begin, end, level_name)) {
             return static_cast<Class>(i);
@@ -62,6 +61,135 @@ bool ParseFilterRule(Filter& instance, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
 }
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
+/// Macro listing all log classes. Code should define CLS and SUB as desired before invoking this.
+#define ALL_LOG_CLASSES()                                                                          \
+    CLS(Log)                                                                                       \
+    CLS(Common)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Common, Filesystem)                                                                        \
+    SUB(Common, Memory)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Core)                                                                                      \
+    SUB(Core, ARM)                                                                                 \
+    SUB(Core, Timing)                                                                              \
+    CLS(Config)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(Debug)                                                                                     \
+    SUB(Debug, Emulated)                                                                           \
+    SUB(Debug, GPU)                                                                                \
+    SUB(Debug, Breakpoint)                                                                         \
+    SUB(Debug, GDBStub)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Kernel)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Kernel, SVC)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Service)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(Service, ACC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Audio)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, AM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, AOC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, APM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, ARP)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, BCAT)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, BPC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, BGTC)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, BTDRV)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, BTM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Capture)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Service, ERPT)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, ETicket)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Service, EUPLD)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, Fatal)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, FGM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, Friend)                                                                           \
+    SUB(Service, FS)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, GRC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, HID)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, IRS)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LBL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LDN)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LDR)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, LM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, Migration)                                                                        \
+    SUB(Service, Mii)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, MM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, NCM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NFC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NFP)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NIFM)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, NIM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, NPNS)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, NS)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, NVDRV)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, OLSC)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCIE)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCTL)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, PCV)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, PM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, PREPO)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Service, PSC)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, PSM)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SET)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SM)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, SPL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, SSL)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, TCAP)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, Time)                                                                             \
+    SUB(Service, USB)                                                                              \
+    SUB(Service, VI)                                                                               \
+    SUB(Service, WLAN)                                                                             \
+    CLS(HW)                                                                                        \
+    SUB(HW, Memory)                                                                                \
+    SUB(HW, LCD)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(HW, GPU)                                                                                   \
+    SUB(HW, AES)                                                                                   \
+    CLS(IPC)                                                                                       \
+    CLS(Frontend)                                                                                  \
+    CLS(Render)                                                                                    \
+    SUB(Render, Software)                                                                          \
+    SUB(Render, OpenGL)                                                                            \
+    SUB(Render, Vulkan)                                                                            \
+    CLS(Audio)                                                                                     \
+    SUB(Audio, DSP)                                                                                \
+    SUB(Audio, Sink)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Input)                                                                                     \
+    CLS(Network)                                                                                   \
+    CLS(Loader)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(CheatEngine)                                                                               \
+    CLS(Crypto)                                                                                    \
+    CLS(WebService)
+
+// GetClassName is a macro defined by Windows.h, grrr...
+const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class) {
+    switch (log_class) {
+#define CLS(x)                                                                                     \
+    case Class::x:                                                                                 \
+        return #x;
+#define SUB(x, y)                                                                                  \
+    case Class::x##_##y:                                                                           \
+        return #x "." #y;
+        ALL_LOG_CLASSES()
+#undef CLS
+#undef SUB
+    case Class::Count:
+        break;
+    }
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
+const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level) {
+#define LVL(x)                                                                                     \
+    case Level::x:                                                                                 \
+        return #x
+    switch (log_level) {
+        LVL(Trace);
+        LVL(Debug);
+        LVL(Info);
+        LVL(Warning);
+        LVL(Error);
+        LVL(Critical);
+    case Level::Count:
+        break;
+    }
+#undef LVL
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
 Filter::Filter(Level default_level) {
     ResetAll(default_level);
 }

src/common/logging/filter.h

@@ -5,12 +5,24 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <array>
+#include <chrono>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <string_view>
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 
 namespace Common::Log {
 
+/**
+ * Returns the name of the passed log class as a C-string. Subclasses are separated by periods
+ * instead of underscores as in the enumeration.
+ */
+const char* GetLogClassName(Class log_class);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the name of the passed log level as a C-string.
+ */
+const char* GetLevelName(Level log_level);
+
 /**
  * Implements a log message filter which allows different log classes to have different minimum
  * severity levels. The filter can be changed at runtime and can be parsed from a string to allow

src/common/logging/log.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <fmt/format.h>
-#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/types.h"
 
 namespace Common::Log {
 
@@ -18,124 +18,6 @@ constexpr const char* TrimSourcePath(std::string_view source) {
     return source.data() + idx;
 }
 
-/// Specifies the severity or level of detail of the log message.
-enum class Level : u8 {
-    Trace,    ///< Extremely detailed and repetitive debugging information that is likely to
-              ///< pollute logs.
-    Debug,    ///< Less detailed debugging information.
-    Info,     ///< Status information from important points during execution.
-    Warning,  ///< Minor or potential problems found during execution of a task.
-    Error,    ///< Major problems found during execution of a task that prevent it from being
-              ///< completed.
-    Critical, ///< Major problems during execution that threaten the stability of the entire
-              ///< application.
-
-    Count ///< Total number of logging levels
-};
-
-typedef u8 ClassType;
-
-/**
- * Specifies the sub-system that generated the log message.
- *
- * @note If you add a new entry here, also add a corresponding one to `ALL_LOG_CLASSES` in
- * backend.cpp.
- */
-enum class Class : ClassType {
-    Log,               ///< Messages about the log system itself
-    Common,            ///< Library routines
-    Common_Filesystem, ///< Filesystem interface library
-    Common_Memory,     ///< Memory mapping and management functions
-    Core,              ///< LLE emulation core
-    Core_ARM,          ///< ARM CPU core
-    Core_Timing,       ///< CoreTiming functions
-    Config,            ///< Emulator configuration (including commandline)
-    Debug,             ///< Debugging tools
-    Debug_Emulated,    ///< Debug messages from the emulated programs
-    Debug_GPU,         ///< GPU debugging tools
-    Debug_Breakpoint,  ///< Logging breakpoints and watchpoints
-    Debug_GDBStub,     ///< GDB Stub
-    Kernel,            ///< The HLE implementation of the CTR kernel
-    Kernel_SVC,        ///< Kernel system calls
-    Service,           ///< HLE implementation of system services. Each major service
-                       ///< should have its own subclass.
-    Service_ACC,       ///< The ACC (Accounts) service
-    Service_AM,        ///< The AM (Applet manager) service
-    Service_AOC,       ///< The AOC (AddOn Content) service
-    Service_APM,       ///< The APM (Performance) service
-    Service_ARP,       ///< The ARP service
-    Service_Audio,     ///< The Audio (Audio control) service
-    Service_BCAT,      ///< The BCAT service
-    Service_BGTC,      ///< The BGTC (Background Task Controller) service
-    Service_BPC,       ///< The BPC service
-    Service_BTDRV,     ///< The Bluetooth driver service
-    Service_BTM,       ///< The BTM service
-    Service_Capture,   ///< The capture service
-    Service_ERPT,      ///< The error reporting service
-    Service_ETicket,   ///< The ETicket service
-    Service_EUPLD,     ///< The error upload service
-    Service_Fatal,     ///< The Fatal service
-    Service_FGM,       ///< The FGM service
-    Service_Friend,    ///< The friend service
-    Service_FS,        ///< The FS (Filesystem) service
-    Service_GRC,       ///< The game recording service
-    Service_HID,       ///< The HID (Human interface device) service
-    Service_IRS,       ///< The IRS service
-    Service_LBL,       ///< The LBL (LCD backlight) service
-    Service_LDN,       ///< The LDN (Local domain network) service
-    Service_LDR,       ///< The loader service
-    Service_LM,        ///< The LM (Logger) service
-    Service_Migration, ///< The migration service
-    Service_Mii,       ///< The Mii service
-    Service_MM,        ///< The MM (Multimedia) service
-    Service_NCM,       ///< The NCM service
-    Service_NFC,       ///< The NFC (Near-field communication) service
-    Service_NFP,       ///< The NFP service
-    Service_NIFM,      ///< The NIFM (Network interface) service
-    Service_NIM,       ///< The NIM service
-    Service_NPNS,      ///< The NPNS service
-    Service_NS,        ///< The NS services
-    Service_NVDRV,     ///< The NVDRV (Nvidia driver) service
-    Service_OLSC,      ///< The OLSC service
-    Service_PCIE,      ///< The PCIe service
-    Service_PCTL,      ///< The PCTL (Parental control) service
-    Service_PCV,       ///< The PCV service
-    Service_PM,        ///< The PM service
-    Service_PREPO,     ///< The PREPO (Play report) service
-    Service_PSC,       ///< The PSC service
-    Service_PSM,       ///< The PSM service
-    Service_SET,       ///< The SET (Settings) service
-    Service_SM,        ///< The SM (Service manager) service
-    Service_SPL,       ///< The SPL service
-    Service_SSL,       ///< The SSL service
-    Service_TCAP,      ///< The TCAP service.
-    Service_Time,      ///< The time service
-    Service_USB,       ///< The USB (Universal Serial Bus) service
-    Service_VI,        ///< The VI (Video interface) service
-    Service_WLAN,      ///< The WLAN (Wireless local area network) service
-    HW,                ///< Low-level hardware emulation
-    HW_Memory,         ///< Memory-map and address translation
-    HW_LCD,            ///< LCD register emulation
-    HW_GPU,            ///< GPU control emulation
-    HW_AES,            ///< AES engine emulation
-    IPC,               ///< IPC interface
-    Frontend,          ///< Emulator UI
-    Render,            ///< Emulator video output and hardware acceleration
-    Render_Software,   ///< Software renderer backend
-    Render_OpenGL,     ///< OpenGL backend
-    Render_Vulkan,     ///< Vulkan backend
-    Audio,             ///< Audio emulation
-    Audio_DSP,         ///< The HLE implementation of the DSP
-    Audio_Sink,        ///< Emulator audio output backend
-    Loader,            ///< ROM loader
-    CheatEngine,       ///< Memory manipulation and engine VM functions
-    Crypto,            ///< Cryptographic engine/functions
-    Input,             ///< Input emulation
-    Network,           ///< Network emulation
-    WebService,        ///< Interface to yuzu Web Services
-    Count              ///< Total number of logging classes
-};
-
 /// Logs a message to the global logger, using fmt
 void FmtLogMessageImpl(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename,
                        unsigned int line_num, const char* function, const char* format,

src/common/logging/text_formatter.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
+#include "common/logging/filter.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/logging/text_formatter.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"

src/common/logging/types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <chrono>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Common::Log {
+
+/// Specifies the severity or level of detail of the log message.
+enum class Level : u8 {
+    Trace,    ///< Extremely detailed and repetitive debugging information that is likely to
+              ///< pollute logs.
+    Debug,    ///< Less detailed debugging information.
+    Info,     ///< Status information from important points during execution.
+    Warning,  ///< Minor or potential problems found during execution of a task.
+    Error,    ///< Major problems found during execution of a task that prevent it from being
+              ///< completed.
+    Critical, ///< Major problems during execution that threaten the stability of the entire
+              ///< application.
+
+    Count ///< Total number of logging levels
+};
+
+/**
+ * Specifies the sub-system that generated the log message.
+ *
+ * @note If you add a new entry here, also add a corresponding one to `ALL_LOG_CLASSES` in
+ * filter.cpp.
+ */
+enum class Class : u8 {
+    Log,               ///< Messages about the log system itself
+    Common,            ///< Library routines
+    Common_Filesystem, ///< Filesystem interface library
+    Common_Memory,     ///< Memory mapping and management functions
+    Core,              ///< LLE emulation core
+    Core_ARM,          ///< ARM CPU core
+    Core_Timing,       ///< CoreTiming functions
+    Config,            ///< Emulator configuration (including commandline)
+    Debug,             ///< Debugging tools
+    Debug_Emulated,    ///< Debug messages from the emulated programs
+    Debug_GPU,         ///< GPU debugging tools
+    Debug_Breakpoint,  ///< Logging breakpoints and watchpoints
+    Debug_GDBStub,     ///< GDB Stub
+    Kernel,            ///< The HLE implementation of the CTR kernel
+    Kernel_SVC,        ///< Kernel system calls
+    Service,           ///< HLE implementation of system services. Each major service
+                       ///< should have its own subclass.
+    Service_ACC,       ///< The ACC (Accounts) service
+    Service_AM,        ///< The AM (Applet manager) service
+    Service_AOC,       ///< The AOC (AddOn Content) service
+    Service_APM,       ///< The APM (Performance) service
+    Service_ARP,       ///< The ARP service
+    Service_Audio,     ///< The Audio (Audio control) service
+    Service_BCAT,      ///< The BCAT service
+    Service_BGTC,      ///< The BGTC (Background Task Controller) service
+    Service_BPC,       ///< The BPC service
+    Service_BTDRV,     ///< The Bluetooth driver service
+    Service_BTM,       ///< The BTM service
+    Service_Capture,   ///< The capture service
+    Service_ERPT,      ///< The error reporting service
+    Service_ETicket,   ///< The ETicket service
+    Service_EUPLD,     ///< The error upload service
+    Service_Fatal,     ///< The Fatal service
+    Service_FGM,       ///< The FGM service
+    Service_Friend,    ///< The friend service
+    Service_FS,        ///< The FS (Filesystem) service
+    Service_GRC,       ///< The game recording service
+    Service_HID,       ///< The HID (Human interface device) service
+    Service_IRS,       ///< The IRS service
+    Service_LBL,       ///< The LBL (LCD backlight) service
+    Service_LDN,       ///< The LDN (Local domain network) service
+    Service_LDR,       ///< The loader service
+    Service_LM,        ///< The LM (Logger) service
+    Service_Migration, ///< The migration service
+    Service_Mii,       ///< The Mii service
+    Service_MM,        ///< The MM (Multimedia) service
+    Service_NCM,       ///< The NCM service
+    Service_NFC,       ///< The NFC (Near-field communication) service
+    Service_NFP,       ///< The NFP service
+    Service_NIFM,      ///< The NIFM (Network interface) service
+    Service_NIM,       ///< The NIM service
+    Service_NPNS,      ///< The NPNS service
+    Service_NS,        ///< The NS services
+    Service_NVDRV,     ///< The NVDRV (Nvidia driver) service
+    Service_OLSC,      ///< The OLSC service
+    Service_PCIE,      ///< The PCIe service
+    Service_PCTL,      ///< The PCTL (Parental control) service
+    Service_PCV,       ///< The PCV service
+    Service_PM,        ///< The PM service
+    Service_PREPO,     ///< The PREPO (Play report) service
+    Service_PSC,       ///< The PSC service
+    Service_PSM,       ///< The PSM service
+    Service_SET,       ///< The SET (Settings) service
+    Service_SM,        ///< The SM (Service manager) service
+    Service_SPL,       ///< The SPL service
+    Service_SSL,       ///< The SSL service
+    Service_TCAP,      ///< The TCAP service.
+    Service_Time,      ///< The time service
+    Service_USB,       ///< The USB (Universal Serial Bus) service
+    Service_VI,        ///< The VI (Video interface) service
+    Service_WLAN,      ///< The WLAN (Wireless local area network) service
+    HW,                ///< Low-level hardware emulation
+    HW_Memory,         ///< Memory-map and address translation
+    HW_LCD,            ///< LCD register emulation
+    HW_GPU,            ///< GPU control emulation
+    HW_AES,            ///< AES engine emulation
+    IPC,               ///< IPC interface
+    Frontend,          ///< Emulator UI
+    Render,            ///< Emulator video output and hardware acceleration
+    Render_Software,   ///< Software renderer backend
+    Render_OpenGL,     ///< OpenGL backend
+    Render_Vulkan,     ///< Vulkan backend
+    Audio,             ///< Audio emulation
+    Audio_DSP,         ///< The HLE implementation of the DSP
+    Audio_Sink,        ///< Emulator audio output backend
+    Loader,            ///< ROM loader
+    CheatEngine,       ///< Memory manipulation and engine VM functions
+    Crypto,            ///< Cryptographic engine/functions
+    Input,             ///< Input emulation
+    Network,           ///< Network emulation
+    WebService,        ///< Interface to yuzu Web Services
+    Count              ///< Total number of logging classes
+};
+
+/**
+ * A log entry. Log entries are store in a structured format to permit more varied output
+ * formatting on different frontends, as well as facilitating filtering and aggregation.
+ */
+struct Entry {
+    std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
+    Class log_class{};
+    Level log_level{};
+    const char* filename = nullptr;
+    unsigned int line_num = 0;
+    std::string function;
+    std::string message;
+    bool final_entry = false;
+};
+
+} // namespace Common::Log

src/common/page_table.h

@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@ struct PageTable {
     VirtualBuffer<u64> backing_addr;
 
     size_t current_address_space_width_in_bits;
+
+    u8* fastmem_arena;
 };
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/settings.cpp

@@ -55,9 +55,11 @@ void LogSettings() {
     log_setting("Renderer_UseAsynchronousGpuEmulation",
                 values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseNvdecEmulation", values.use_nvdec_emulation.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_AccelerateASTC", values.accelerate_astc.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseVsync", values.use_vsync.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseAssemblyShaders", values.use_assembly_shaders.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseAsynchronousShaders", values.use_asynchronous_shaders.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_UseGarbageCollection", values.use_caches_gc.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_AnisotropicFilteringLevel", values.max_anisotropy.GetValue());
     log_setting("Audio_OutputEngine", values.sink_id);
     log_setting("Audio_EnableAudioStretching", values.enable_audio_stretching.GetValue());
@@ -90,6 +92,13 @@ bool IsGPULevelHigh() {
            values.gpu_accuracy.GetValue() == GPUAccuracy::High;
 }
 
+bool IsFastmemEnabled() {
+    if (values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
+        return values.cpuopt_fastmem;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 float Volume() {
     if (values.audio_muted) {
         return 0.0f;
@@ -114,7 +123,9 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
     values.cpu_accuracy.SetGlobal(true);
     values.cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma.SetGlobal(true);
     values.cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr.SetGlobal(true);
     values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check.SetGlobal(true);
 
     // Renderer
     values.renderer_backend.SetGlobal(true);
@@ -127,10 +138,12 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
     values.gpu_accuracy.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_nvdec_emulation.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.accelerate_astc.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_vsync.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_assembly_shaders.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_asynchronous_shaders.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_fast_gpu_time.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.use_caches_gc.SetGlobal(true);
     values.bg_red.SetGlobal(true);
     values.bg_green.SetGlobal(true);
     values.bg_blue.SetGlobal(true);

src/common/settings.h

@@ -125,10 +125,13 @@ struct Values {
     bool cpuopt_const_prop;
     bool cpuopt_misc_ir;
     bool cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks;
+    bool cpuopt_fastmem;
 
     Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma;
     Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr;
     Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check;
 
     // Renderer
     Setting<RendererBackend> renderer_backend;
@@ -145,10 +148,13 @@ struct Values {
     Setting<GPUAccuracy> gpu_accuracy;
     Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation;
     Setting<bool> use_nvdec_emulation;
+    Setting<bool> accelerate_astc;
     Setting<bool> use_vsync;
+    Setting<bool> disable_fps_limit;
     Setting<bool> use_assembly_shaders;
     Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_shaders;
     Setting<bool> use_fast_gpu_time;
+    Setting<bool> use_caches_gc;
 
     Setting<float> bg_red;
     Setting<float> bg_green;
@@ -216,6 +222,7 @@ struct Values {
     std::string program_args;
     bool dump_exefs;
     bool dump_nso;
+    bool enable_fs_access_log;
     bool reporting_services;
     bool quest_flag;
     bool disable_macro_jit;
@@ -249,6 +256,8 @@ void SetConfiguringGlobal(bool is_global);
 bool IsGPULevelExtreme();
 bool IsGPULevelHigh();
 
+bool IsFastmemEnabled();
+
 float Volume();
 
 std::string GetTimeZoneString();

src/core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     frontend/input.h
     hardware_interrupt_manager.cpp
     hardware_interrupt_manager.h
+    hle/api_version.h
     hle/ipc.h
     hle/ipc_helpers.h
     hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.cpp
@@ -550,6 +551,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/spl/module.h
     hle/service/spl/spl.cpp
     hle/service/spl/spl.h
+    hle/service/spl/spl_results.h
+    hle/service/spl/spl_types.h
     hle/service/ssl/ssl.cpp
     hle/service/ssl/ssl.h
     hle/service/time/clock_types.h

src/core/arm/dynarmic/arm_dynarmic_32.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A32/config.h>
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A32/context.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@
 
 namespace Core {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 class DynarmicCallbacks32 : public Dynarmic::A32::UserCallbacks {
 public:
     explicit DynarmicCallbacks32(ARM_Dynarmic_32& parent_)
@@ -128,6 +131,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
     if (page_table) {
         config.page_table = reinterpret_cast<std::array<std::uint8_t*, NUM_PAGE_TABLE_ENTRIES>*>(
             page_table->pointers.data());
+        config.fastmem_pointer = page_table->fastmem_arena;
     }
     config.absolute_offset_page_table = true;
     config.page_table_pointer_mask_bits = Common::PageTable::ATTRIBUTE_BITS;
@@ -142,8 +146,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
     config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;
 
     // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
-    config.far_code_offset = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
+    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;
 
     // Safe optimizations
     if (Settings::values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == Settings::CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
@@ -171,6 +175,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
         if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks) {
             config.only_detect_misalignment_via_page_table_on_page_boundary = false;
         }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem) {
+            config.fastmem_pointer = nullptr;
+        }
     }
 
     // Unsafe optimizations
@@ -182,6 +189,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_32::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
         if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error.GetValue()) {
             config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_ReducedErrorFP;
         }
+        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr.GetValue()) {
+            config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_IgnoreStandardFPCRValue;
+        }
         if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.GetValue()) {
             config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
         }

src/core/arm/dynarmic/arm_dynarmic_64.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A64/a64.h>
 #include <dynarmic/interface/A64/config.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 namespace Core {
 
 using Vector = Dynarmic::A64::Vector;
+using namespace Common::Literals;
 
 class DynarmicCallbacks64 : public Dynarmic::A64::UserCallbacks {
 public:
@@ -160,6 +162,10 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
         config.absolute_offset_page_table = true;
         config.detect_misaligned_access_via_page_table = 16 | 32 | 64 | 128;
         config.only_detect_misalignment_via_page_table_on_page_boundary = true;
+
+        config.fastmem_pointer = page_table->fastmem_arena;
+        config.fastmem_address_space_bits = address_space_bits;
+        config.silently_mirror_fastmem = false;
     }
 
     // Multi-process state
@@ -180,8 +186,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
     config.wall_clock_cntpct = uses_wall_clock;
 
     // Code cache size
-    config.code_cache_size = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
-    config.far_code_offset = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
+    config.code_cache_size = 512_MiB;
+    config.far_code_offset = 400_MiB;
 
     // Safe optimizations
     if (Settings::values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == Settings::CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
@@ -209,6 +215,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
         if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks) {
             config.only_detect_misalignment_via_page_table_on_page_boundary = false;
         }
+        if (!Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem) {
+            config.fastmem_pointer = nullptr;
+        }
     }
 
     // Unsafe optimizations
@@ -223,6 +232,9 @@ std::shared_ptr<Dynarmic::A64::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic_64::MakeJit(Common::PageTable*
         if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan.GetValue()) {
             config.optimizations |= Dynarmic::OptimizationFlag::Unsafe_InaccurateNaN;
         }
+        if (Settings::values.cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check.GetValue()) {
+            config.fastmem_address_space_bits = 64;
+        }
     }
 
     return std::make_shared<Dynarmic::A64::Jit>(config);

src/core/core.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <array>
+#include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
@@ -377,7 +378,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
     std::unique_ptr<Core::DeviceMemory> device_memory;
     Core::Memory::Memory memory;
     CpuManager cpu_manager;
-    bool is_powered_on = false;
+    std::atomic_bool is_powered_on{};
     bool exit_lock = false;
 
     Reporter reporter;
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ System::ResultStatus System::Load(Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window, const std::st
 }
 
 bool System::IsPoweredOn() const {
-    return impl->is_powered_on;
+    return impl->is_powered_on.load(std::memory_order::relaxed);
 }
 
 void System::PrepareReschedule() {

src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp

@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ void KeyManager::SetKey(S128KeyType id, Key128 key, u64 field1, u64 field2) {
             "key_area_key_ocean_{:02X}",
             "key_area_key_system_{:02X}",
         };
-        WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format(kak_names.at(field2), field1), key);
+        WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format(fmt::runtime(kak_names.at(field2)), field1), key);
     } else if (id == S128KeyType::Master) {
         WriteKeyToFile(category, fmt::format("master_key_{:02X}", field1), key);
     } else if (id == S128KeyType::Package1) {

src/core/device_memory.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 namespace Core {
 
-DeviceMemory::DeviceMemory() : buffer{DramMemoryMap::Size} {}
+DeviceMemory::DeviceMemory() : buffer{DramMemoryMap::Size, 1ULL << 39} {}
 DeviceMemory::~DeviceMemory() = default;
 
 } // namespace Core

src/core/device_memory.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "common/virtual_buffer.h"
+#include "common/host_memory.h"
 
 namespace Core {
 
@@ -21,27 +21,30 @@ enum : u64 {
 };
 }; // namespace DramMemoryMap
 
-class DeviceMemory : NonCopyable {
+class DeviceMemory {
 public:
     explicit DeviceMemory();
     ~DeviceMemory();
 
+    DeviceMemory& operator=(const DeviceMemory&) = delete;
+    DeviceMemory(const DeviceMemory&) = delete;
+
     template <typename T>
     PAddr GetPhysicalAddr(const T* ptr) const {
-        return (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr) - reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(buffer.data())) +
+        return (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr) -
+                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(buffer.BackingBasePointer())) +
                DramMemoryMap::Base;
     }
 
     u8* GetPointer(PAddr addr) {
-        return buffer.data() + (addr - DramMemoryMap::Base);
+        return buffer.BackingBasePointer() + (addr - DramMemoryMap::Base);
     }
 
     const u8* GetPointer(PAddr addr) const {
-        return buffer.data() + (addr - DramMemoryMap::Base);
+        return buffer.BackingBasePointer() + (addr - DramMemoryMap::Base);
     }
 
-private:
-    Common::VirtualBuffer<u8> buffer;
+    Common::HostMemory buffer;
 };
 
 } // namespace Core

src/core/file_sys/registered_cache.cpp

@@ -58,14 +58,17 @@ static bool FollowsNcaIdFormat(std::string_view name) {
 
 static std::string GetRelativePathFromNcaID(const std::array<u8, 16>& nca_id, bool second_hex_upper,
                                             bool within_two_digit, bool cnmt_suffix) {
-    if (!within_two_digit)
-        return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "{}.cnmt.nca" : "/{}.nca",
-                           Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+    if (!within_two_digit) {
+        const auto format_str = fmt::runtime(cnmt_suffix ? "{}.cnmt.nca" : "/{}.nca");
+        return fmt::format(format_str, Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+    }
 
     Core::Crypto::SHA256Hash hash{};
     mbedtls_sha256_ret(nca_id.data(), nca_id.size(), hash.data(), 0);
-    return fmt::format(cnmt_suffix ? "/000000{:02X}/{}.cnmt.nca" : "/000000{:02X}/{}.nca", hash[0],
-                       Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
+
+    const auto format_str =
+        fmt::runtime(cnmt_suffix ? "/000000{:02X}/{}.cnmt.nca" : "/000000{:02X}/{}.nca");
+    return fmt::format(format_str, hash[0], Common::HexToString(nca_id, second_hex_upper));
 }
 
 static std::string GetCNMTName(TitleType type, u64 title_id) {

src/core/file_sys/system_archive/system_version.cpp

@@ -4,47 +4,29 @@
 
 #include "core/file_sys/system_archive/system_version.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
+#include "core/hle/api_version.h"
 
 namespace FileSys::SystemArchive {
 
-namespace SystemVersionData {
-
-// This section should reflect the best system version to describe yuzu's HLE api.
-// TODO(DarkLordZach): Update when HLE gets better.
-
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MAJOR = 11;
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MINOR = 0;
-constexpr u8 VERSION_MICRO = 1;
-
-constexpr u8 REVISION_MAJOR = 1;
-constexpr u8 REVISION_MINOR = 0;
-
-constexpr char PLATFORM_STRING[] = "NX";
-constexpr char VERSION_HASH[] = "69103fcb2004dace877094c2f8c29e6113be5dbf";
-constexpr char DISPLAY_VERSION[] = "11.0.1";
-constexpr char DISPLAY_TITLE[] = "NintendoSDK Firmware for NX 11.0.1-1.0";
-
-} // namespace SystemVersionData
-
 std::string GetLongDisplayVersion() {
-    return SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE;
+    return HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE;
 }
 
 VirtualDir SystemVersion() {
     VirtualFile file = std::make_shared<VectorVfsFile>(std::vector<u8>(0x100), "file");
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MAJOR, 0);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MINOR, 1);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::VERSION_MICRO, 2);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::REVISION_MAJOR, 4);
-    file->WriteObject(SystemVersionData::REVISION_MINOR, 5);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::PLATFORM_STRING,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::PLATFORM_STRING), 0x20ULL), 0x8);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::VERSION_HASH,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::VERSION_HASH), 0x40ULL), 0x28);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_VERSION,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_VERSION), 0x18ULL), 0x68);
-    file->WriteArray(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE,
-                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(SystemVersionData::DISPLAY_TITLE), 0x80ULL), 0x80);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MAJOR, 0);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MINOR, 1);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::HOS_VERSION_MICRO, 2);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::SDK_REVISION_MAJOR, 4);
+    file->WriteObject(HLE::ApiVersion::SDK_REVISION_MINOR, 5);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::PLATFORM_STRING,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::PLATFORM_STRING), 0x20ULL), 0x8);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::VERSION_HASH,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::VERSION_HASH), 0x40ULL), 0x28);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_VERSION,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_VERSION), 0x18ULL), 0x68);
+    file->WriteArray(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE,
+                     std::min<u64>(sizeof(HLE::ApiVersion::DISPLAY_TITLE), 0x80ULL), 0x80);
     return std::make_shared<VectorVfsDirectory>(std::vector<VirtualFile>{file},
                                                 std::vector<VirtualDir>{}, "data");
 }

src/core/file_sys/vfs.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <numeric>
 #include <string>
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/mode.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs.h"
 

src/core/file_sys/vfs_libzip.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_libzip.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"

src/core/file_sys/vfs_real.cpp

@@ -24,17 +24,12 @@ constexpr FS::FileAccessMode ModeFlagsToFileAccessMode(Mode mode) {
     case Mode::Read:
         return FS::FileAccessMode::Read;
     case Mode::Write:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Write;
     case Mode::ReadWrite:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadWrite;
     case Mode::Append:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Append;
     case Mode::ReadAppend:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadAppend;
     case Mode::WriteAppend:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::Append;
     case Mode::All:
-        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadAppend;
+        return FS::FileAccessMode::ReadWrite;
     default:
         return {};
     }

src/core/frontend/input.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>

src/core/hle/api_version.h

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+// This file contains yuzu's HLE API version constants.
+
+namespace HLE::ApiVersion {
+
+// Horizon OS version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MAJOR = 11;
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MINOR = 0;
+constexpr u8 HOS_VERSION_MICRO = 1;
+
+// NintendoSDK version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 SDK_REVISION_MAJOR = 1;
+constexpr u8 SDK_REVISION_MINOR = 0;
+
+constexpr char PLATFORM_STRING[] = "NX";
+constexpr char VERSION_HASH[] = "69103fcb2004dace877094c2f8c29e6113be5dbf";
+constexpr char DISPLAY_VERSION[] = "11.0.1";
+constexpr char DISPLAY_TITLE[] = "NintendoSDK Firmware for NX 11.0.1-1.0";
+
+// Atmosphere version constants.
+
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MAJOR = 0;
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MINOR = 19;
+constexpr u8 ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MICRO = 4;
+
+constexpr u32 GetTargetFirmware() {
+    return u32{HOS_VERSION_MAJOR} << 24 | u32{HOS_VERSION_MINOR} << 16 |
+           u32{HOS_VERSION_MICRO} << 8 | 0U;
+}
+
+} // namespace HLE::ApiVersion

src/core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 
 #include <random>
 
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
+
 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/k_system_control.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/board/nintendo/nx/secure_monitor.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_trace.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@ constexpr const std::size_t RequiredNonSecureSystemMemorySize =
 
 namespace {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 u32 GetMemoryModeForInit() {
     return 0x01;
 }
@@ -57,11 +60,11 @@ size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetIntendedMemorySize() {
     switch (GetMemorySizeForInit()) {
     case Smc::MemorySize_4GB:
     default: // All invalid modes should go to 4GB.
-        return Common::Size_4_GB;
+        return 4_GiB;
     case Smc::MemorySize_6GB:
-        return Common::Size_6_GB;
+        return 6_GiB;
     case Smc::MemorySize_8GB:
-        return Common::Size_8_GB;
+        return 8_GiB;
     }
 }
 
@@ -79,17 +82,17 @@ std::size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetApplicationPoolSize() {
         switch (GetMemoryArrangeForInit()) {
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB:
         default:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_2048_MB;
+            return 2048_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForSystemDev:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB:
-            return Common::Size_4916_MB;
+            return 4916_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_3285_MB;
+            return 3285_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_8GB:
-            return Common::Size_4916_MB;
+            return 4916_MiB;
         }
     }();
 
@@ -103,22 +106,22 @@ size_t KSystemControl::Init::GetAppletPoolSize() {
         switch (GetMemoryArrangeForInit()) {
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GB:
         default:
-            return Common::Size_507_MB;
+            return 507_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_1554_MB;
+            return 1554_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_4GBForSystemDev:
-            return Common::Size_448_MB;
+            return 448_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GB:
-            return Common::Size_562_MB;
+            return 562_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_6GBForAppletDev:
-            return Common::Size_2193_MB;
+            return 2193_MiB;
         case Smc::MemoryArrangement_8GB:
-            return Common::Size_2193_MB;
+            return 2193_MiB;
         }
     }();
 
     // Return (possibly) adjusted size.
-    constexpr size_t ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere = Common::Size_33_MB;
+    constexpr size_t ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere = 33_MiB;
     return base_pool_size - ExtraSystemMemoryForAtmosphere - KTraceBufferSize;
 }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.cpp

@@ -5,34 +5,37 @@
 #include <array>
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
 namespace {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
+constexpr u64 Size_Invalid = UINT64_MAX;
+
 // clang-format off
 constexpr std::array<KAddressSpaceInfo, 13> AddressSpaceInfos{{
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_2_MB   , .size = Common::Size_1_GB   - Common::Size_2_MB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_1_GB   , .size = Common::Size_4_GB   - Common::Size_1_GB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_1_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_1_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_128_MB , .size = Common::Size_2_GB   - Common::Size_128_MB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_2_GB   , .size = Common::Size_64_GB  - Common::Size_2_GB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_128_MB , .size = Common::Size_512_GB - Common::Size_128_MB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Map39Bit, },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_64_GB                       , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall  },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_6_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_64_GB                       , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
-   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Common::Size_Invalid, .size = Common::Size_2_GB                        , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Stack,    },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = 2_MiB       , .size = 1_GiB   - 2_MiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = 1_GiB       , .size = 4_GiB   - 1_GiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 1_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 32, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 1_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = 128_MiB     , .size = 2_GiB   - 128_MiB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall, },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = 2_GiB       , .size = 64_GiB  - 2_GiB  , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapLarge, },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 36, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = 128_MiB     , .size = 512_GiB - 128_MiB, .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Map39Bit, },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 64_GiB           , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::MapSmall  },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 6_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Heap,     },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 64_GiB           , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Alias,    },
+   { .bit_width = 39, .address = Size_Invalid, .size = 2_GiB            , .type = KAddressSpaceInfo::Type::Stack,    },
 }};
 // clang-format on
 
 constexpr bool IsAllowedIndexForAddress(std::size_t index) {
-    return index < AddressSpaceInfos.size() &&
-           AddressSpaceInfos[index].address != Common::Size_Invalid;
+    return index < AddressSpaceInfos.size() && AddressSpaceInfos[index].address != Size_Invalid;
 }
 
 using IndexArray =

src/core/hle/kernel/k_light_condition_variable.h

@@ -18,41 +18,58 @@ class KernelCore;
 
 class KLightConditionVariable {
 public:
-    explicit KLightConditionVariable(KernelCore& kernel_)
-        : thread_queue(kernel_), kernel(kernel_) {}
+    explicit KLightConditionVariable(KernelCore& kernel_) : kernel{kernel_} {}
 
-    void Wait(KLightLock* lock, s64 timeout = -1) {
-        WaitImpl(lock, timeout);
-        lock->Lock();
+    void Wait(KLightLock* lock, s64 timeout = -1, bool allow_terminating_thread = true) {
+        WaitImpl(lock, timeout, allow_terminating_thread);
     }
 
     void Broadcast() {
         KScopedSchedulerLock lk{kernel};
-        while (thread_queue.WakeupFrontThread() != nullptr) {
-            // We want to signal all threads, and so should continue waking up until there's nothing
-            // to wake.
+
+        // Signal all threads.
+        for (auto& thread : wait_list) {
+            thread.SetState(ThreadState::Runnable);
         }
     }
 
 private:
-    void WaitImpl(KLightLock* lock, s64 timeout) {
+    void WaitImpl(KLightLock* lock, s64 timeout, bool allow_terminating_thread) {
         KThread* owner = GetCurrentThreadPointer(kernel);
 
         // Sleep the thread.
         {
-            KScopedSchedulerLockAndSleep lk(kernel, owner, timeout);
-            lock->Unlock();
+            KScopedSchedulerLockAndSleep lk{kernel, owner, timeout};
 
-            if (!thread_queue.SleepThread(owner)) {
+            if (!allow_terminating_thread && owner->IsTerminationRequested()) {
                 lk.CancelSleep();
                 return;
             }
+
+            lock->Unlock();
+
+            // Set the thread as waiting.
+            GetCurrentThread(kernel).SetState(ThreadState::Waiting);
+
+            // Add the thread to the queue.
+            wait_list.push_back(GetCurrentThread(kernel));
+        }
+
+        // Remove the thread from the wait list.
+        {
+            KScopedSchedulerLock sl{kernel};
+
+            wait_list.erase(wait_list.iterator_to(GetCurrentThread(kernel)));
         }
 
         // Cancel the task that the sleep setup.
         kernel.TimeManager().UnscheduleTimeEvent(owner);
+
+        // Re-acquire the lock.
+        lock->Lock();
     }
-    KThreadQueue thread_queue;
+
     KernelCore& kernel;
+    KThread::WaiterList wait_list{};
 };
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/k_light_lock.cpp

@@ -59,11 +59,7 @@ void KLightLock::LockSlowPath(uintptr_t _owner, uintptr_t _cur_thread) {
         owner_thread->AddWaiter(cur_thread);
 
         // Set thread states.
-        if (cur_thread->GetState() == ThreadState::Runnable) {
-            cur_thread->SetState(ThreadState::Waiting);
-        } else {
-            KScheduler::SetSchedulerUpdateNeeded(kernel);
-        }
+        cur_thread->SetState(ThreadState::Waiting);
 
         if (owner_thread->IsSuspended()) {
             owner_thread->ContinueIfHasKernelWaiters();
@@ -73,10 +69,9 @@ void KLightLock::LockSlowPath(uintptr_t _owner, uintptr_t _cur_thread) {
     // We're no longer waiting on the lock owner.
     {
         KScopedSchedulerLock sl{kernel};
-        KThread* owner_thread = cur_thread->GetLockOwner();
-        if (owner_thread) {
+
+        if (KThread* owner_thread = cur_thread->GetLockOwner(); owner_thread != nullptr) {
             owner_thread->RemoveWaiter(cur_thread);
-            KScheduler::SetSchedulerUpdateNeeded(kernel);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -95,17 +90,13 @@ void KLightLock::UnlockSlowPath(uintptr_t _cur_thread) {
 
         // Pass the lock to the next owner.
         uintptr_t next_tag = 0;
-        if (next_owner) {
+        if (next_owner != nullptr) {
             next_tag = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(next_owner);
             if (num_waiters > 1) {
                 next_tag |= 0x1;
             }
 
-            if (next_owner->GetState() == ThreadState::Waiting) {
-                next_owner->SetState(ThreadState::Runnable);
-            } else {
-                KScheduler::SetSchedulerUpdateNeeded(kernel);
-            }
+            next_owner->SetState(ThreadState::Runnable);
 
             if (next_owner->IsSuspended()) {
                 next_owner->ContinueIfHasKernelWaiters();

src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.board.nintendo_nx.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_system_control.h"
@@ -12,8 +13,10 @@ namespace Kernel {
 
 namespace {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr size_t CarveoutAlignment = 0x20000;
-constexpr size_t CarveoutSizeMax = (512ULL * 1024 * 1024) - CarveoutAlignment;
+constexpr size_t CarveoutSizeMax = (512_MiB) - CarveoutAlignment;
 
 bool SetupPowerManagementControllerMemoryRegion(KMemoryLayout& memory_layout) {
     // Above firmware 2.0.0, the PMC is not mappable.

src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_layout.h

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "common/alignment.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "core/device_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_region.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_memory_region_type.h"
@@ -16,20 +15,22 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-constexpr std::size_t L1BlockSize = Common::Size_1_GB;
-constexpr std::size_t L2BlockSize = Common::Size_2_MB;
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
+constexpr std::size_t L1BlockSize = 1_GiB;
+constexpr std::size_t L2BlockSize = 2_MiB;
 
 constexpr std::size_t GetMaximumOverheadSize(std::size_t size) {
     return (Common::DivideUp(size, L1BlockSize) + Common::DivideUp(size, L2BlockSize)) * PageSize;
 }
 
-constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySize = Common::Size_4_GB;
-constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySizeMax = Common::Size_8_GB;
+constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySize = 4_GiB;
+constexpr std::size_t MainMemorySizeMax = 8_GiB;
 
-constexpr std::size_t ReservedEarlyDramSize = 0x60000;
+constexpr std::size_t ReservedEarlyDramSize = 384_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t DramPhysicalAddress = 0x80000000;
 
-constexpr std::size_t KernelAslrAlignment = Common::Size_2_MB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelAslrAlignment = 2_MiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceWidth = 1ULL << 39;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressSpaceWidth = 1ULL << 48;
 
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceLast = KernelVirtualAddressSpaceE
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressSpaceSize =
     KernelVirtualAddressSpaceEnd - KernelVirtualAddressSpaceBase;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeBase = KernelVirtualAddressSpaceBase;
-constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize = 0x62000;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize = 392_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelVirtualAddressCodeEnd =
     KernelVirtualAddressCodeBase + KernelVirtualAddressCodeSize;
 
@@ -53,14 +54,14 @@ constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressSpaceSize =
 constexpr std::size_t KernelPhysicalAddressCodeBase = DramPhysicalAddress + ReservedEarlyDramSize;
 
 constexpr std::size_t KernelPageTableHeapSize = GetMaximumOverheadSize(MainMemorySizeMax);
-constexpr std::size_t KernelInitialPageHeapSize = Common::Size_128_KB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelInitialPageHeapSize = 128_KiB;
 
-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapDataSize = Common::Size_5_MB;
-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapGapsSize = Common::Size_2_MB - Common::Size_64_KB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapDataSize = 5_MiB;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapGapsSize = 2_MiB - 64_KiB;
 constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapSize = KernelSlabHeapDataSize + KernelSlabHeapGapsSize;
 
 // NOTE: This is calculated from KThread slab counts, assuming KThread size <= 0x860.
-constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapAdditionalSize = 0x68000ULL;
+constexpr std::size_t KernelSlabHeapAdditionalSize = 416_KiB;
 
 constexpr std::size_t KernelResourceSize =
     KernelPageTableHeapSize + KernelInitialPageHeapSize + KernelSlabHeapSize;

src/core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_address_space_info.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@ namespace Kernel {
 
 namespace {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr std::size_t GetAddressSpaceWidthFromType(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType as_type) {
     switch (as_type) {
     case FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType::Is32Bit:
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ ResultCode KPageTable::InitializeForProcess(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType as_
     }
 
     // Set code regions and determine remaining
-    constexpr std::size_t RegionAlignment{2 * 1024 * 1024};
+    constexpr std::size_t RegionAlignment{2_MiB};
     VAddr process_code_start{};
     VAddr process_code_end{};
     std::size_t stack_region_size{};

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process.cpp

@@ -201,17 +201,15 @@ bool KProcess::ReleaseUserException(KThread* thread) {
 
         // Remove waiter thread.
         s32 num_waiters{};
-        KThread* next = thread->RemoveWaiterByKey(
-            std::addressof(num_waiters),
-            reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(std::addressof(exception_thread)));
-        if (next != nullptr) {
-            if (next->GetState() == ThreadState::Waiting) {
-                next->SetState(ThreadState::Runnable);
-            } else {
-                KScheduler::SetSchedulerUpdateNeeded(kernel);
-            }
+        if (KThread* next = thread->RemoveWaiterByKey(
+                std::addressof(num_waiters),
+                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(std::addressof(exception_thread)));
+            next != nullptr) {
+            next->SetState(ThreadState::Runnable);
         }
 
+        KScheduler::SetSchedulerUpdateNeeded(kernel);
+
         return true;
     } else {
         return false;

src/core/hle/kernel/k_resource_limit.cpp

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ ResultCode KResourceLimit::SetLimitValue(LimitableResource which, s64 value) {
     R_UNLESS(current_values[index] <= value, ResultInvalidState);
 
     limit_values[index] = value;
+    peak_values[index] = current_values[index];
 
     return ResultSuccess;
 }
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ bool KResourceLimit::Reserve(LimitableResource which, s64 value, s64 timeout) {
         if (current_hints[index] + value <= limit_values[index] &&
             (timeout < 0 || core_timing->GetGlobalTimeNs().count() < timeout)) {
             waiter_count++;
-            cond_var.Wait(&lock, timeout);
+            cond_var.Wait(&lock, timeout, false);
             waiter_count--;
         } else {
             break;

src/core/hle/kernel/k_trace.h

@@ -4,9 +4,13 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+
 namespace Kernel {
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 constexpr bool IsKTraceEnabled = false;
-constexpr std::size_t KTraceBufferSize = IsKTraceEnabled ? 16 * 1024 * 1024 : 0;
+constexpr std::size_t KTraceBufferSize = IsKTraceEnabled ? 16_MiB : 0;
 
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_sizes.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "common/thread.h"
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
         system_resource_limit->Reserve(LimitableResource::PhysicalMemory, kernel_size);
 
         // Reserve secure applet memory, introduced in firmware 5.0.0
-        constexpr u64 secure_applet_memory_size{Common::Size_4_MB};
+        constexpr u64 secure_applet_memory_size{4_MiB};
         ASSERT(system_resource_limit->Reserve(LimitableResource::PhysicalMemory,
                                               secure_applet_memory_size));
 
@@ -320,8 +319,8 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
         const VAddr code_end_virt_addr = KernelVirtualAddressCodeEnd;
 
         // Setup the containing kernel region.
-        constexpr size_t KernelRegionSize = Common::Size_1_GB;
-        constexpr size_t KernelRegionAlign = Common::Size_1_GB;
+        constexpr size_t KernelRegionSize = 1_GiB;
+        constexpr size_t KernelRegionAlign = 1_GiB;
         constexpr VAddr kernel_region_start =
             Common::AlignDown(code_start_virt_addr, KernelRegionAlign);
         size_t kernel_region_size = KernelRegionSize;
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
 
         // Decide on the actual size for the misc region.
         constexpr size_t MiscRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
-        constexpr size_t MiscRegionMinimumSize = Common::Size_32_MB;
+        constexpr size_t MiscRegionMinimumSize = 32_MiB;
         const size_t misc_region_size = Common::AlignUp(
             std::max(misc_region_needed_size, MiscRegionMinimumSize), MiscRegionAlign);
         ASSERT(misc_region_size > 0);
@@ -381,7 +380,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
             misc_region_start, misc_region_size, KMemoryRegionType_KernelMisc));
 
         // Setup the stack region.
-        constexpr size_t StackRegionSize = Common::Size_14_MB;
+        constexpr size_t StackRegionSize = 14_MiB;
         constexpr size_t StackRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
         const VAddr stack_region_start =
             memory_layout.GetVirtualMemoryRegionTree().GetRandomAlignedRegion(
@@ -414,7 +413,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
             slab_region_start, slab_region_size, KMemoryRegionType_KernelSlab));
 
         // Setup the temp region.
-        constexpr size_t TempRegionSize = Common::Size_128_MB;
+        constexpr size_t TempRegionSize = 128_MiB;
         constexpr size_t TempRegionAlign = KernelAslrAlignment;
         const VAddr temp_region_start =
             memory_layout.GetVirtualMemoryRegionTree().GetRandomAlignedRegion(
@@ -470,7 +469,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
         // Determine size available for kernel page table heaps, requiring > 8 MB.
         const PAddr resource_end_phys_addr = slab_start_phys_addr + resource_region_size;
         const size_t page_table_heap_size = resource_end_phys_addr - slab_end_phys_addr;
-        ASSERT(page_table_heap_size / Common::Size_4_MB > 2);
+        ASSERT(page_table_heap_size / 4_MiB > 2);
 
         // Insert a physical region for the kernel page table heap region
         ASSERT(memory_layout.GetPhysicalMemoryRegionTree().Insert(
@@ -495,7 +494,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
         ASSERT(linear_extents.GetEndAddress() != 0);
 
         // Setup the linear mapping region.
-        constexpr size_t LinearRegionAlign = Common::Size_1_GB;
+        constexpr size_t LinearRegionAlign = 1_GiB;
         const PAddr aligned_linear_phys_start =
             Common::AlignDown(linear_extents.GetAddress(), LinearRegionAlign);
         const size_t linear_region_size =

src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:
             {7, &IAudioOut::AppendAudioOutBufferImpl, "AppendAudioOutBufferAuto"},
             {8, &IAudioOut::GetReleasedAudioOutBufferImpl, "GetReleasedAudioOutBufferAuto"},
             {9, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutBufferCount, "GetAudioOutBufferCount"},
-            {10, nullptr, "GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount"},
+            {10, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount, "GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount"},
             {11, &IAudioOut::FlushAudioOutBuffers, "FlushAudioOutBuffers"},
             {12, &IAudioOut::SetAudioOutVolume, "SetAudioOutVolume"},
             {13, &IAudioOut::GetAudioOutVolume, "GetAudioOutVolume"},
@@ -186,6 +186,14 @@ private:
         rb.Push(static_cast<u32>(stream->GetQueueSize()));
     }
 
+    void GetAudioOutPlayedSampleCount(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
+        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+        rb.Push(stream->GetPlayedSampleCount());
+    }
+
     void FlushAudioOutBuffers(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");
 

src/core/hle/service/bcat/backend/boxcat.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "common/fs/fs.h"
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/backend.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
@@ -314,7 +313,7 @@ void SynchronizeInternal(AM::Applets::AppletManager& applet_manager, DirectoryGe
         LOG_ERROR(Service_BCAT, "Boxcat synchronization failed with error '{}'!", res);
 
         if (res == DownloadResult::NoMatchBuildId || res == DownloadResult::NoMatchTitleId) {
-            void(Common::FS::RemoveFile(zip_path));
+            Common::FS::RemoveFile(zip_path);
         }
 
         HandleDownloadDisplayResult(applet_manager, res);
@@ -446,7 +445,7 @@ std::optional<std::vector<u8>> Boxcat::GetLaunchParameter(TitleIDVersion title)
             LOG_ERROR(Service_BCAT, "Boxcat synchronization failed with error '{}'!", res);
 
             if (res == DownloadResult::NoMatchBuildId || res == DownloadResult::NoMatchTitleId) {
-                void(Common::FS::RemoveFile(bin_file_path));
+                Common::FS::RemoveFile(bin_file_path);
             }
 
             HandleDownloadDisplayResult(applet_manager, res);

src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/directory.h"
@@ -785,6 +786,10 @@ FSP_SRV::FSP_SRV(Core::System& system_)
     };
     // clang-format on
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
+
+    if (Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log) {
+        access_log_mode = AccessLogMode::SdCard;
+    }
 }
 
 FSP_SRV::~FSP_SRV() = default;
@@ -1041,9 +1046,9 @@ void FSP_SRV::DisableAutoSaveDataCreation(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
 
 void FSP_SRV::SetGlobalAccessLogMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    log_mode = rp.PopEnum<LogMode>();
+    access_log_mode = rp.PopEnum<AccessLogMode>();
 
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, log_mode={:08X}", log_mode);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, access_log_mode={}", access_log_mode);
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
@@ -1054,7 +1059,7 @@ void FSP_SRV::GetGlobalAccessLogMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-    rb.PushEnum(log_mode);
+    rb.PushEnum(access_log_mode);
 }
 
 void FSP_SRV::OutputAccessLogToSdCard(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -1062,9 +1067,9 @@ void FSP_SRV::OutputAccessLogToSdCard(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     auto log = Common::StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(raw.data()), raw.size());
 
-    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called, log='{}'", log);
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called");
 
-    reporter.SaveFilesystemAccessReport(log_mode, std::move(log));
+    reporter.SaveFSAccessLog(log);
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);

src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.h

@@ -24,11 +24,10 @@ enum class AccessLogVersion : u32 {
     Latest = V7_0_0,
 };
 
-enum class LogMode : u32 {
-    Off,
+enum class AccessLogMode : u32 {
+    None,
     Log,
-    RedirectToSdCard,
-    LogToSdCard = Log | RedirectToSdCard,
+    SdCard,
 };
 
 class FSP_SRV final : public ServiceFramework<FSP_SRV> {
@@ -59,13 +58,12 @@ private:
 
     FileSystemController& fsc;
     const FileSys::ContentProvider& content_provider;
+    const Core::Reporter& reporter;
 
     FileSys::VirtualFile romfs;
     u64 current_process_id = 0;
     u32 access_log_program_index = 0;
-    LogMode log_mode = LogMode::LogToSdCard;
-
-    const Core::Reporter& reporter;
+    AccessLogMode access_log_mode = AccessLogMode::None;
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::FileSystem

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.cpp

@@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnInit() {
 
 void Controller_NPad::OnLoadInputDevices() {
     const auto& players = Settings::values.players.GetValue();
+
+    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < players.size(); ++i) {
         std::transform(players[i].buttons.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_HID_BEGIN,
                        players[i].buttons.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_HID_END,
@@ -348,6 +350,8 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnRelease() {
 }
 
 void Controller_NPad::RequestPadStateUpdate(u32 npad_id) {
+    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+
     const auto controller_idx = NPadIdToIndex(npad_id);
     const auto controller_type = connected_controllers[controller_idx].type;
     if (!connected_controllers[controller_idx].is_connected) {

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.h

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
+
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/quaternion.h"
@@ -563,6 +565,8 @@ private:
     using MotionArray = std::array<
         std::array<std::unique_ptr<Input::MotionDevice>, Settings::NativeMotion::NUM_MOTIONS_HID>,
         10>;
+
+    std::mutex mutex;
     ButtonArray buttons;
     StickArray sticks;
     VibrationArray vibrations;

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp

@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ Hid::Hid(Core::System& system_) : ServiceFramework{system_, "hid"} {
         {80, &Hid::GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode, "GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode"},
         {81, &Hid::ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode, "ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode"},
         {82, &Hid::IsSixAxisSensorAtRest, "IsSixAxisSensorAtRest"},
-        {83, nullptr, "IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor"},
+        {83, &Hid::IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor, "IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor"},
         {91, &Hid::ActivateGesture, "ActivateGesture"},
         {100, &Hid::SetSupportedNpadStyleSet, "SetSupportedNpadStyleSet"},
         {101, &Hid::GetSupportedNpadStyleSet, "GetSupportedNpadStyleSet"},
@@ -710,6 +710,27 @@ void Hid::IsSixAxisSensorAtRest(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
                 .IsSixAxisSensorAtRest());
 }
 
+void Hid::IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    struct Parameters {
+        Controller_NPad::DeviceHandle sixaxis_handle;
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(1);
+        u64 applet_resource_user_id;
+    };
+
+    const auto parameters{rp.PopRaw<Parameters>()};
+
+    LOG_WARNING(
+        Service_HID,
+        "(STUBBED) called, npad_type={}, npad_id={}, device_index={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
+        parameters.sixaxis_handle.npad_type, parameters.sixaxis_handle.npad_id,
+        parameters.sixaxis_handle.device_index, parameters.applet_resource_user_id);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
+    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.Push(false);
+}
+
 void Hid::ActivateGesture(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
     struct Parameters {

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.h

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ private:
     void GetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void ResetGyroscopeZeroDriftMode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void IsSixAxisSensorAtRest(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    void IsFirmwareUpdateAvailableForSixAxisSensor(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void ActivateGesture(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void SetSupportedNpadStyleSet(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void GetSupportedNpadStyleSet(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);

src/core/hle/service/lm/lm.cpp

@@ -51,6 +51,24 @@ struct hash<Service::LM::LogPacketHeaderEntry> {
 } // namespace std
 
 namespace Service::LM {
+namespace {
+std::string_view NameOf(LogSeverity severity) {
+    switch (severity) {
+    case LogSeverity::Trace:
+        return "TRACE";
+    case LogSeverity::Info:
+        return "INFO";
+    case LogSeverity::Warning:
+        return "WARNING";
+    case LogSeverity::Error:
+        return "ERROR";
+    case LogSeverity::Fatal:
+        return "FATAL";
+    default:
+        return "UNKNOWN";
+    }
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
 
 enum class LogDestination : u32 {
     TargetManager = 1 << 0,
@@ -262,33 +280,8 @@ private:
         if (text_log) {
             output_log += fmt::format("Log Text: {}\n", *text_log);
         }
-
-        switch (entry.severity) {
-        case LogSeverity::Trace:
-            LOG_DEBUG(Service_LM, "LogManager TRACE ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                      output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Info:
-            LOG_INFO(Service_LM, "LogManager INFO ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                     output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Warning:
-            LOG_WARNING(Service_LM, "LogManager WARNING ({}):\n{}",
-                        DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Error:
-            LOG_ERROR(Service_LM, "LogManager ERROR ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                      output_log);
-            break;
-        case LogSeverity::Fatal:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Service_LM, "LogManager FATAL ({}):\n{}", DestinationToString(destination),
-                         output_log);
-            break;
-        default:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(Service_LM, "LogManager UNKNOWN ({}):\n{}",
-                         DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
-            break;
-        }
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_LM, "LogManager {} ({}):\n{}", NameOf(entry.severity),
+                  DestinationToString(destination), output_log);
     }
 
     static std::string DestinationToString(LogDestination destination) {

src/core/hle/service/mii/manager.h

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/uuid.h"

src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.cpp

@@ -307,6 +307,9 @@ void NVFlinger::Compose() {
 }
 
 s64 NVFlinger::GetNextTicks() const {
+    if (Settings::values.disable_fps_limit.GetValue()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     constexpr s64 max_hertz = 120LL;
     return (1000000000 * (1LL << swap_interval)) / max_hertz;
 }

src/core/hle/service/service.cpp

@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ void ServiceFrameworkBase::ReportUnimplementedFunction(Kernel::HLERequestContext
     std::string function_name = info == nullptr ? fmt::format("{}", ctx.GetCommand()) : info->name;
 
     fmt::memory_buffer buf;
-    fmt::format_to(buf, "function '{}': port='{}' cmd_buf={{[0]=0x{:X}", function_name,
-                   service_name, cmd_buf[0]);
+    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), "function '{}': port='{}' cmd_buf={{[0]=0x{:X}",
+                   function_name, service_name, cmd_buf[0]);
     for (int i = 1; i <= 8; ++i) {
-        fmt::format_to(buf, ", [{}]=0x{:X}", i, cmd_buf[i]);
+        fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), ", [{}]=0x{:X}", i, cmd_buf[i]);
     }
     buf.push_back('}');
 

src/core/hle/service/service.h

@@ -41,7 +41,10 @@ class ServiceManager;
 }
 
 /// Default number of maximum connections to a server session.
-static constexpr u32 ServerSessionCountMax = 0x10000;
+static constexpr u32 ServerSessionCountMax = 0x40;
+static_assert(ServerSessionCountMax == 0x40,
+              "ServerSessionCountMax isn't 0x40 somehow, this assert is a reminder that this will "
+              "break lots of things");
 
 /**
  * This is an non-templated base of ServiceFramework to reduce code bloat and compilation times, it

src/core/hle/service/sm/sm.cpp

@@ -151,27 +151,19 @@ ResultVal<Kernel::KClientSession*> SM::GetServiceImpl(Kernel::HLERequestContext&
     std::string name(PopServiceName(rp));
 
     // Find the named port.
-    auto result = service_manager.GetServicePort(name);
-    if (result.Failed()) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "called service={} -> error 0x{:08X}", name, result.Code().raw);
-        return result.Code();
+    auto port_result = service_manager.GetServicePort(name);
+    if (port_result.Failed()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "called service={} -> error 0x{:08X}", name, port_result.Code().raw);
+        return port_result.Code();
     }
-    auto* port = result.Unwrap();
-
-    // Reserve a new session from the process resource limit.
-    Kernel::KScopedResourceReservation session_reservation(
-        kernel.CurrentProcess()->GetResourceLimit(), Kernel::LimitableResource::Sessions);
-    R_UNLESS(session_reservation.Succeeded(), Kernel::ResultLimitReached);
+    auto& port = port_result.Unwrap()->GetClientPort();
 
     // Create a new session.
     Kernel::KClientSession* session{};
-    port->GetClientPort().CreateSession(std::addressof(session));
-
-    // Commit the session reservation.
-    session_reservation.Commit();
-
-    // Enqueue the session with the named port.
-    port->EnqueueSession(&session->GetParent()->GetServerSession());
+    if (const auto result = port.CreateSession(std::addressof(session)); result.IsError()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "called service={} -> error 0x{:08X}", name, result.raw);
+        return result;
+    }
 
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_SM, "called service={} -> session={}", name, session->GetId());
 

src/core/hle/service/spl/csrng.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace Service::SPL {
 CSRNG::CSRNG(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "csrng") {
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, &CSRNG::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
+        {0, &CSRNG::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
     };
     RegisterHandlers(functions);
 }

src/core/hle/service/spl/module.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
+#include "core/hle/api_version.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/spl/csrng.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/spl/module.h"
@@ -24,7 +25,46 @@ Module::Interface::Interface(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> modu
 
 Module::Interface::~Interface() = default;
 
-void Module::Interface::GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+void Module::Interface::GetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto config_item = rp.PopEnum<ConfigItem>();
+
+    // This should call svcCallSecureMonitor with the appropriate args.
+    // Since we do not have it implemented yet, we will use this for now.
+    const auto smc_result = GetConfigImpl(config_item);
+    const auto result_code = smc_result.Code();
+
+    if (smc_result.Failed()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_SPL, "called, config_item={}, result_code={}", config_item,
+                  result_code.raw);
+
+        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+        rb.Push(result_code);
+    }
+
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_SPL, "called, config_item={}, result_code={}, smc_result={}", config_item,
+              result_code.raw, *smc_result);
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
+    rb.Push(result_code);
+    rb.Push(*smc_result);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::ModularExponentiate(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("ModularExponentiate is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::SetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SetConfig is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::GenerateRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_SPL, "called");
 
     const std::size_t size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize();
@@ -39,6 +79,88 @@ void Module::Interface::GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
 }
 
+void Module::Interface::IsDevelopment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("IsDevelopment is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::SetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SetBootReason is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+void Module::Interface::GetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("GetBootReason is not implemented!");
+
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
+    rb.Push(ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented);
+}
+
+ResultVal<u64> Module::Interface::GetConfigImpl(ConfigItem config_item) const {
+    switch (config_item) {
+    case ConfigItem::DisableProgramVerification:
+    case ConfigItem::DramId:
+    case ConfigItem::SecurityEngineInterruptNumber:
+    case ConfigItem::FuseVersion:
+    case ConfigItem::HardwareType:
+    case ConfigItem::HardwareState:
+    case ConfigItem::IsRecoveryBoot:
+    case ConfigItem::DeviceId:
+    case ConfigItem::BootReason:
+    case ConfigItem::MemoryMode:
+    case ConfigItem::IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled:
+    case ConfigItem::KernelConfiguration:
+    case ConfigItem::IsChargerHiZModeEnabled:
+    case ConfigItem::QuestState:
+    case ConfigItem::RegulatorType:
+    case ConfigItem::DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration:
+    case ConfigItem::Package2Hash:
+        return ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented;
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereApiVersion:
+        // Get information about the current exosphere version.
+        return MakeResult((u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MAJOR} << 56) |
+                          (u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MINOR} << 48) |
+                          (u64{HLE::ApiVersion::ATMOSPHERE_RELEASE_VERSION_MICRO} << 40) |
+                          (static_cast<u64>(HLE::ApiVersion::GetTargetFirmware())));
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereNeedsReboot:
+        // We are executing, so we aren't in the process of rebooting.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereNeedsShutdown:
+        // We are executing, so we aren't in the process of shutting down.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereGitCommitHash:
+        // Get information about the current exosphere git commit hash.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereHasRcmBugPatch:
+        // Get information about whether this unit has the RCM bug patched.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereBlankProdInfo:
+        // Get whether this unit should simulate a "blanked" PRODINFO.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereAllowCalWrites:
+        // Get whether this unit should allow writing to the calibration partition.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereEmummcType:
+        // Get what kind of emummc this unit has active.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExospherePayloadAddress:
+        // Gets the physical address of the reboot payload buffer, if one exists.
+        return ResultSecureMonitorNotInitialized;
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereLogConfiguration:
+        // Get the log configuration.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    case ConfigItem::ExosphereForceEnableUsb30:
+        // Get whether usb 3.0 should be force-enabled.
+        return MakeResult(u64{0});
+    default:
+        return ResultSecureMonitorInvalidArgument;
+    }
+}
+
 void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager, Core::System& system) {
     auto module = std::make_shared<Module>();
     std::make_shared<CSRNG>(system, module)->InstallAsService(service_manager);

src/core/hle/service/spl/module.h

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #include <random>
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/spl/spl_results.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/spl/spl_types.h"
 
 namespace Core {
 class System;
@@ -21,12 +23,21 @@ public:
                            const char* name);
         ~Interface() override;
 
-        void GetRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        // General
+        void GetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void ModularExponentiate(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void SetConfig(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void GenerateRandomBytes(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void IsDevelopment(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void SetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
+        void GetBootReason(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 
     protected:
         std::shared_ptr<Module> module;
 
     private:
+        ResultVal<u64> GetConfigImpl(ConfigItem config_item) const;
+
         std::mt19937 rng;
     };
 };

src/core/hle/service/spl/spl.cpp

@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ SPL::SPL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
     };
     // clang-format on
 
@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@ SPL_MIG::SPL_MIG(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:mig") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
         {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
         {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
         {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
         {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
         {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
         {16, nullptr, "ComputeCmac"},
         {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
         {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
         {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
     };
     // clang-format on
 
@@ -53,16 +53,16 @@ SPL_FS::SPL_FS(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:fs") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
         {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
         {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
         {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
         {9, nullptr, "ImportLotusKey"},
         {10, nullptr, "DecryptLotusMessage"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
         {12, nullptr, "GenerateSpecificAesKey"},
         {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
         {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ SPL_FS::SPL_FS(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
         {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
         {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
         {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
         {31, nullptr, "GetPackage2Hash"},
     };
     // clang-format on
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ SPL_SSL::SPL_SSL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:ssl") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
         {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
         {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
         {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
         {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
         {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
         {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ SPL_SSL::SPL_SSL(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
         {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
         {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
         {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
         {26, nullptr, "DecryptAndStoreSslClientCertKey"},
         {27, nullptr, "ModularExponentiateWithSslClientCertKey"},
     };
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ SPL_ES::SPL_ES(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:es") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
         {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
         {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
         {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
         {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
         {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
         {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ SPL_ES::SPL_ES(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
         {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
         {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
         {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
         {28, nullptr, "DecryptAndStoreDrmDeviceCertKey"},
         {29, nullptr, "ModularExponentiateWithDrmDeviceCertKey"},
         {31, nullptr, "PrepareEsArchiveKey"},
@@ -147,14 +147,14 @@ SPL_MANU::SPL_MANU(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
     : Interface(system_, std::move(module_), "spl:manu") {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-        {0, nullptr, "GetConfig"},
-        {1, nullptr, "ModularExponentiate"},
+        {0, &SPL::GetConfig, "GetConfig"},
+        {1, &SPL::ModularExponentiate, "ModularExponentiate"},
         {2, nullptr, "GenerateAesKek"},
         {3, nullptr, "LoadAesKey"},
         {4, nullptr, "GenerateAesKey"},
-        {5, nullptr, "SetConfig"},
-        {7, &SPL::GetRandomBytes, "GetRandomBytes"},
-        {11, nullptr, "IsDevelopment"},
+        {5, &SPL::SetConfig, "SetConfig"},
+        {7, &SPL::GenerateRandomBytes, "GenerateRandomBytes"},
+        {11, &SPL::IsDevelopment, "IsDevelopment"},
         {13, nullptr, "DecryptDeviceUniqueData"},
         {14, nullptr, "DecryptAesKey"},
         {15, nullptr, "CryptAesCtr"},
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ SPL_MANU::SPL_MANU(Core::System& system_, std::shared_ptr<Module> module_)
         {21, nullptr, "AllocateAesKeyslot"},
         {22, nullptr, "DeallocateAesKeySlot"},
         {23, nullptr, "GetAesKeyslotAvailableEvent"},
-        {24, nullptr, "SetBootReason"},
-        {25, nullptr, "GetBootReason"},
+        {24, &SPL::SetBootReason, "SetBootReason"},
+        {25, &SPL::GetBootReason, "GetBootReason"},
         {30, nullptr, "ReencryptDeviceUniqueData"},
     };
     // clang-format on

src/core/hle/service/spl/spl_results.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/hle/result.h"
+
+namespace Service::SPL {
+
+// Description 0 - 99
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorError{ErrorModule::SPL, 0};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotImplemented{ErrorModule::SPL, 1};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorInvalidArgument{ErrorModule::SPL, 2};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorBusy{ErrorModule::SPL, 3};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNoAsyncOperation{ErrorModule::SPL, 4};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorInvalidAsyncOperation{ErrorModule::SPL, 5};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotPermitted{ErrorModule::SPL, 6};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultSecureMonitorNotInitialized{ErrorModule::SPL, 7};
+
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidSize{ErrorModule::SPL, 100};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultUnknownSecureMonitorError{ErrorModule::SPL, 101};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultDecryptionFailed{ErrorModule::SPL, 102};
+
+constexpr ResultCode ResultOutOfKeySlots{ErrorModule::SPL, 104};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidKeySlot{ErrorModule::SPL, 105};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultBootReasonAlreadySet{ErrorModule::SPL, 106};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultBootReasonNotSet{ErrorModule::SPL, 107};
+constexpr ResultCode ResultInvalidArgument{ErrorModule::SPL, 108};
+
+} // namespace Service::SPL

src/core/hle/service/spl/spl_types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Service::SPL {
+
+constexpr size_t AES_128_KEY_SIZE = 0x10;
+
+namespace Smc {
+
+enum class FunctionId : u32 {
+    SetConfig = 0xC3000401,
+    GetConfig = 0xC3000002,
+    GetResult = 0xC3000003,
+    GetResultData = 0xC3000404,
+    ModularExponentiate = 0xC3000E05,
+    GenerateRandomBytes = 0xC3000006,
+    GenerateAesKek = 0xC3000007,
+    LoadAesKey = 0xC3000008,
+    ComputeAes = 0xC3000009,
+    GenerateSpecificAesKey = 0xC300000A,
+    ComputeCmac = 0xC300040B,
+    ReencryptDeviceUniqueData = 0xC300D60C,
+    DecryptDeviceUniqueData = 0xC300100D,
+
+    ModularExponentiateWithStorageKey = 0xC300060F,
+    PrepareEsDeviceUniqueKey = 0xC3000610,
+    LoadPreparedAesKey = 0xC3000011,
+    PrepareCommonEsTitleKey = 0xC3000012,
+
+    // Deprecated functions.
+    LoadEsDeviceKey = 0xC300100C,
+    DecryptAndStoreGcKey = 0xC300100E,
+
+    // Atmosphere functions.
+    AtmosphereIramCopy = 0xF0000201,
+    AtmosphereReadWriteRegister = 0xF0000002,
+
+    AtmosphereGetEmummcConfig = 0xF0000404,
+};
+
+enum class CipherMode {
+    CbcEncrypt = 0,
+    CbcDecrypt = 1,
+    Ctr = 2,
+};
+
+enum class DeviceUniqueDataMode {
+    DecryptDeviceUniqueData = 0,
+    DecryptAndStoreGcKey = 1,
+    DecryptAndStoreEsDeviceKey = 2,
+    DecryptAndStoreSslKey = 3,
+    DecryptAndStoreDrmDeviceCertKey = 4,
+};
+
+enum class ModularExponentiateWithStorageKeyMode {
+    Gc = 0,
+    Ssl = 1,
+    DrmDeviceCert = 2,
+};
+
+enum class EsCommonKeyType {
+    TitleKey = 0,
+    ArchiveKey = 1,
+};
+
+struct AsyncOperationKey {
+    u64 value;
+};
+
+} // namespace Smc
+
+enum class HardwareType {
+    Icosa = 0,
+    Copper = 1,
+    Hoag = 2,
+    Iowa = 3,
+    Calcio = 4,
+    Aula = 5,
+};
+
+enum class SocType {
+    Erista = 0,
+    Mariko = 1,
+};
+
+enum class HardwareState {
+    Development = 0,
+    Production = 1,
+};
+
+enum class MemoryArrangement {
+    Standard = 0,
+    StandardForAppletDev = 1,
+    StandardForSystemDev = 2,
+    Expanded = 3,
+    ExpandedForAppletDev = 4,
+
+    // Note: Dynamic is not official.
+    // Atmosphere uses it to maintain compatibility with firmwares prior to 6.0.0,
+    // which removed the explicit retrieval of memory arrangement from PM.
+    Dynamic = 5,
+    Count,
+};
+
+enum class BootReason {
+    Unknown = 0,
+    AcOk = 1,
+    OnKey = 2,
+    RtcAlarm1 = 3,
+    RtcAlarm2 = 4,
+};
+
+struct BootReasonValue {
+    union {
+        u32 value{};
+
+        BitField<0, 8, u32> power_intr;
+        BitField<8, 8, u32> rtc_intr;
+        BitField<16, 8, u32> nv_erc;
+        BitField<24, 8, u32> boot_reason;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(BootReasonValue) == sizeof(u32), "BootReasonValue definition!");
+
+struct AesKey {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "AesKey definition!");
+
+struct IvCtr {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "IvCtr definition!");
+
+struct Cmac {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "Cmac definition!");
+
+struct AccessKey {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "AccessKey definition!");
+
+struct KeySource {
+    std::array<u64, AES_128_KEY_SIZE / sizeof(u64)> data64{};
+
+    std::span<u8> AsBytes() {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+
+    std::span<const u8> AsBytes() const {
+        return std::span{reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(data64.data()), AES_128_KEY_SIZE};
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(AesKey) == AES_128_KEY_SIZE, "KeySource definition!");
+
+enum class ConfigItem : u32 {
+    // Standard config items.
+    DisableProgramVerification = 1,
+    DramId = 2,
+    SecurityEngineInterruptNumber = 3,
+    FuseVersion = 4,
+    HardwareType = 5,
+    HardwareState = 6,
+    IsRecoveryBoot = 7,
+    DeviceId = 8,
+    BootReason = 9,
+    MemoryMode = 10,
+    IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled = 11,
+    KernelConfiguration = 12,
+    IsChargerHiZModeEnabled = 13,
+    QuestState = 14,
+    RegulatorType = 15,
+    DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration = 16,
+    Package2Hash = 17,
+
+    // Extension config items for exosphere.
+    ExosphereApiVersion = 65000,
+    ExosphereNeedsReboot = 65001,
+    ExosphereNeedsShutdown = 65002,
+    ExosphereGitCommitHash = 65003,
+    ExosphereHasRcmBugPatch = 65004,
+    ExosphereBlankProdInfo = 65005,
+    ExosphereAllowCalWrites = 65006,
+    ExosphereEmummcType = 65007,
+    ExospherePayloadAddress = 65008,
+    ExosphereLogConfiguration = 65009,
+    ExosphereForceEnableUsb30 = 65010,
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::SPL

src/core/hle/service/time/time_zone_content_manager.cpp

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ ResultCode TimeZoneContentManager::GetTimeZoneInfoFile(const std::string& locati
         return ERROR_TIME_NOT_FOUND;
     }
 
-    vfs_file = zoneinfo_dir->GetFile(location_name);
+    vfs_file = zoneinfo_dir->GetFileRelative(location_name);
     if (!vfs_file) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_Time, "{:016X} has no file \"{}\"! Using default timezone.",
                   time_zone_binary_titleid, location_name);

src/core/memory.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/page_table.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 #include "common/swap.h"
 #include "core/arm/arm_interface.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
 
     void SetCurrentPageTable(Kernel::KProcess& process, u32 core_id) {
         current_page_table = &process.PageTable().PageTableImpl();
+        current_page_table->fastmem_arena = system.DeviceMemory().buffer.VirtualBasePointer();
 
         const std::size_t address_space_width = process.PageTable().GetAddressSpaceWidth();
 
@@ -41,13 +43,23 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
     void MapMemoryRegion(Common::PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u64 size, PAddr target) {
         ASSERT_MSG((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned size: {:016X}", size);
         ASSERT_MSG((base & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned base: {:016X}", base);
+        ASSERT_MSG(target >= DramMemoryMap::Base && target < DramMemoryMap::End,
+                   "Out of bounds target: {:016X}", target);
         MapPages(page_table, base / PAGE_SIZE, size / PAGE_SIZE, target, Common::PageType::Memory);
+
+        if (Settings::IsFastmemEnabled()) {
+            system.DeviceMemory().buffer.Map(base, target - DramMemoryMap::Base, size);
+        }
     }
 
     void UnmapRegion(Common::PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u64 size) {
         ASSERT_MSG((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned size: {:016X}", size);
         ASSERT_MSG((base & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned base: {:016X}", base);
         MapPages(page_table, base / PAGE_SIZE, size / PAGE_SIZE, 0, Common::PageType::Unmapped);
+
+        if (Settings::IsFastmemEnabled()) {
+            system.DeviceMemory().buffer.Unmap(base, size);
+        }
     }
 
     bool IsValidVirtualAddress(const Kernel::KProcess& process, const VAddr vaddr) const {
@@ -466,6 +478,12 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
         if (vaddr == 0) {
             return;
         }
+
+        if (Settings::IsFastmemEnabled()) {
+            const bool is_read_enable = Settings::IsGPULevelHigh() || !cached;
+            system.DeviceMemory().buffer.Protect(vaddr, size, is_read_enable, !cached);
+        }
+
         // Iterate over a contiguous CPU address space, which corresponds to the specified GPU
         // address space, marking the region as un/cached. The region is marked un/cached at a
         // granularity of CPU pages, hence why we iterate on a CPU page basis (note: GPU page size

src/core/reporter.cpp

@@ -195,7 +195,9 @@ json GetHLERequestContextData(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx, Core::Memory::Memo
 
 namespace Core {
 
-Reporter::Reporter(System& system_) : system(system_) {}
+Reporter::Reporter(System& system_) : system(system_) {
+    ClearFSAccessLog();
+}
 
 Reporter::~Reporter() = default;
 
@@ -362,22 +364,12 @@ void Reporter::SaveErrorReport(u64 title_id, ResultCode result,
     SaveToFile(std::move(out), GetPath("error_report", title_id, timestamp));
 }
 
-void Reporter::SaveFilesystemAccessReport(Service::FileSystem::LogMode log_mode,
-                                          std::string log_message) const {
-    if (!IsReportingEnabled())
-        return;
+void Reporter::SaveFSAccessLog(std::string_view log_message) const {
+    const auto access_log_path =
+        Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir) / "FsAccessLog.txt";
 
-    const auto timestamp = GetTimestamp();
-    const auto title_id = system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
-    json out;
-
-    out["yuzu_version"] = GetYuzuVersionData();
-    out["report_common"] = GetReportCommonData(title_id, ResultSuccess, timestamp);
-
-    out["log_mode"] = fmt::format("{:08X}", static_cast<u32>(log_mode));
-    out["log_message"] = std::move(log_message);
-
-    SaveToFile(std::move(out), GetPath("filesystem_access_report", title_id, timestamp));
+    void(Common::FS::AppendStringToFile(access_log_path, Common::FS::FileType::TextFile,
+                                        log_message));
 }
 
 void Reporter::SaveUserReport() const {
@@ -392,6 +384,18 @@ void Reporter::SaveUserReport() const {
                GetPath("user_report", title_id, timestamp));
 }
 
+void Reporter::ClearFSAccessLog() const {
+    const auto access_log_path =
+        Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir) / "FsAccessLog.txt";
+
+    Common::FS::IOFile access_log_file{access_log_path, Common::FS::FileAccessMode::Write,
+                                       Common::FS::FileType::TextFile};
+
+    if (!access_log_file.IsOpen()) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Common_Filesystem, "Failed to clear the filesystem access log.");
+    }
+}
+
 bool Reporter::IsReportingEnabled() const {
     return Settings::values.reporting_services;
 }

src/core/reporter.h

@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@ namespace Kernel {
 class HLERequestContext;
 } // namespace Kernel
 
-namespace Service::FileSystem {
-enum class LogMode : u32;
-}
-
 namespace Service::LM {
 struct LogMessage;
 } // namespace Service::LM
@@ -69,14 +65,15 @@ public:
                          std::optional<std::string> custom_text_main = {},
                          std::optional<std::string> custom_text_detail = {}) const;
 
-    void SaveFilesystemAccessReport(Service::FileSystem::LogMode log_mode,
-                                    std::string log_message) const;
+    void SaveFSAccessLog(std::string_view log_message) const;
 
     // Can be used anywhere to generate a backtrace and general info report at any point during
     // execution. Not intended to be used for anything other than debugging or testing.
     void SaveUserReport() const;
 
 private:
+    void ClearFSAccessLog() const;
+
     bool IsReportingEnabled() const;
 
     System& system;

src/core/telemetry_session.cpp

@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ void TelemetrySession::AddInitialInfo(Loader::AppLoader& app_loader,
              Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.GetValue());
     AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseNvdecEmulation",
              Settings::values.use_nvdec_emulation.GetValue());
+    AddField(field_type, "Renderer_AccelerateASTC", Settings::values.accelerate_astc.GetValue());
     AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseVsync", Settings::values.use_vsync.GetValue());
     AddField(field_type, "Renderer_UseAssemblyShaders",
              Settings::values.use_assembly_shaders.GetValue());

src/input_common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ if (ENABLE_SDL2)
     target_compile_definitions(input_common PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
 endif()
 
-target_include_directories(input_common SYSTEM PRIVATE ${LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIR})
-target_link_libraries(input_common PRIVATE ${LIBUSB_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(input_common PRIVATE usb)
 
 create_target_directory_groups(input_common)
 target_link_libraries(input_common PUBLIC core PRIVATE common Boost::boost)

src/input_common/mouse/mouse_input.cpp

@@ -2,25 +2,23 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2+
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
+#include <stop_token>
+#include <thread>
+
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "input_common/mouse/mouse_input.h"
 
 namespace MouseInput {
 
 Mouse::Mouse() {
-    update_thread = std::thread(&Mouse::UpdateThread, this);
+    update_thread = std::jthread([this](std::stop_token stop_token) { UpdateThread(stop_token); });
 }
 
-Mouse::~Mouse() {
-    update_thread_running = false;
-    if (update_thread.joinable()) {
-        update_thread.join();
-    }
-}
+Mouse::~Mouse() = default;
 
-void Mouse::UpdateThread() {
+void Mouse::UpdateThread(std::stop_token stop_token) {
     constexpr int update_time = 10;
-    while (update_thread_running) {
+    while (!stop_token.stop_requested()) {
         for (MouseInfo& info : mouse_info) {
             const Common::Vec3f angular_direction{
                 -info.tilt_direction.y,

src/input_common/mouse/mouse_input.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <stop_token>
 #include <thread>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] const MouseData& GetMouseState(std::size_t button) const;
 
 private:
-    void UpdateThread();
+    void UpdateThread(std::stop_token stop_token);
     void UpdateYuzuSettings();
     void StopPanning();
 
@@ -105,12 +106,11 @@ private:
     u16 buttons{};
     u16 toggle_buttons{};
     u16 lock_buttons{};
-    std::thread update_thread;
+    std::jthread update_thread;
     MouseButton last_button{MouseButton::Undefined};
     std::array<MouseInfo, 7> mouse_info;
     Common::SPSCQueue<MouseStatus> mouse_queue;
     bool configuring{false};
-    bool update_thread_running{true};
     int mouse_panning_timout{};
 };
 } // namespace MouseInput

src/input_common/mouse/mouse_poller.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <utility>
 

src/input_common/touch_from_button.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/frontend/framebuffer_layout.h"
 #include "input_common/touch_from_button.h"

src/tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ add_executable(tests
     common/bit_field.cpp
     common/cityhash.cpp
     common/fibers.cpp
+    common/host_memory.cpp
     common/param_package.cpp
     common/ring_buffer.cpp
     core/core_timing.cpp

src/tests/common/host_memory.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <catch2/catch.hpp>
+
+#include "common/host_memory.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
+
+using Common::HostMemory;
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
+static constexpr size_t VIRTUAL_SIZE = 1ULL << 39;
+static constexpr size_t BACKING_SIZE = 4_GiB;
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Initialize and deinitialize", "[common]") {
+    { HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE); }
+    { HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE); }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Simple map", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x5000, 0x8000, 0x1000);
+
+    volatile u8* const data = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x5000;
+    data[0] = 50;
+    REQUIRE(data[0] == 50);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Simple mirror map", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x5000, 0x3000, 0x2000);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0x4000, 0x1000);
+
+    volatile u8* const mirror_a = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x5000;
+    volatile u8* const mirror_b = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x8000;
+    mirror_b[0] = 76;
+    REQUIRE(mirror_a[0x1000] == 76);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Simple unmap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x5000, 0x3000, 0x2000);
+
+    volatile u8* const data = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x5000;
+    data[75] = 50;
+    REQUIRE(data[75] == 50);
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x5000, 0x2000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Simple unmap and remap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x5000, 0x3000, 0x2000);
+
+    volatile u8* const data = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x5000;
+    data[0] = 50;
+    REQUIRE(data[0] == 50);
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x5000, 0x2000);
+
+    mem.Map(0x5000, 0x3000, 0x2000);
+    REQUIRE(data[0] == 50);
+
+    mem.Map(0x7000, 0x2000, 0x5000);
+    REQUIRE(data[0x3000] == 50);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Nieche allocation", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x0000, 0, 0x20000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x0000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x1000, 0, 0x2000);
+    mem.Map(0x3000, 0, 0x1000);
+    mem.Map(0, 0, 0x1000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Full unmap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x8000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x6000, 0, 0x16000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Right out of bounds unmap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x0000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x2000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x2000, 0x80000, 0x4000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Left out of bounds unmap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x6000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x2000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Multiple placeholder unmap", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x0000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0, 0x1b000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x3000, 0x1c000);
+    mem.Map(0x3000, 0, 0x20000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Unmap between placeholders", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x0000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x2000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x2000, 0, 0x4000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Unmap to origin", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x4000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0, 0x4000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Unmap to right", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x4000);
+    mem.Unmap(0x8000, 0x4000);
+    mem.Map(0x8000, 0, 0x4000);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Partial right unmap check bindings", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0x10000, 0x4000);
+
+    volatile u8* const ptr = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x4000;
+    ptr[0x1000] = 17;
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x6000, 0x2000);
+
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x1000] == 17);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Partial left unmap check bindings", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0x10000, 0x4000);
+
+    volatile u8* const ptr = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x4000;
+    ptr[0x3000] = 19;
+    ptr[0x3fff] = 12;
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x4000, 0x2000);
+
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x3000] == 19);
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x3fff] == 12);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Partial middle unmap check bindings", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0x10000, 0x4000);
+
+    volatile u8* const ptr = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x4000;
+    ptr[0x0000] = 19;
+    ptr[0x3fff] = 12;
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x1000, 0x2000);
+
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x0000] == 19);
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x3fff] == 12);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("HostMemory: Partial sparse middle unmap and check bindings", "[common]") {
+    HostMemory mem(BACKING_SIZE, VIRTUAL_SIZE);
+    mem.Map(0x4000, 0x10000, 0x2000);
+    mem.Map(0x6000, 0x20000, 0x2000);
+
+    volatile u8* const ptr = mem.VirtualBasePointer() + 0x4000;
+    ptr[0x0000] = 19;
+    ptr[0x3fff] = 12;
+
+    mem.Unmap(0x5000, 0x2000);
+
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x0000] == 19);
+    REQUIRE(ptr[0x3fff] == 12);
+}

src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     texture_cache/util.cpp
     texture_cache/util.h
     textures/astc.h
+    textures/astc.cpp
     textures/decoders.cpp
     textures/decoders.h
     textures/texture.cpp

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_base.h

@@ -256,6 +256,16 @@ public:
         stream_score += score;
     }
 
+    /// Sets the new frame tick
+    void SetFrameTick(u64 new_frame_tick) noexcept {
+        frame_tick = new_frame_tick;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the new frame tick
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 FrameTick() const noexcept {
+        return frame_tick;
+    }
+
     /// Returns the likeliness of this being a stream buffer
     [[nodiscard]] int StreamScore() const noexcept {
         return stream_score;
@@ -586,6 +596,7 @@ private:
     RasterizerInterface* rasterizer = nullptr;
     VAddr cpu_addr = 0;
     Words words;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
     BufferFlagBits flags{};
     int stream_score = 0;
 };

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
+#include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@@ -47,8 +48,11 @@ constexpr u32 NUM_COMPUTE_UNIFORM_BUFFERS = 8;
 constexpr u32 NUM_STORAGE_BUFFERS = 16;
 constexpr u32 NUM_STAGES = 5;
 
+using namespace Common::Literals;
+
 template <typename P>
 class BufferCache {
+
     // Page size for caching purposes.
     // This is unrelated to the CPU page size and it can be changed as it seems optimal.
     static constexpr u32 PAGE_BITS = 16;
@@ -65,6 +69,9 @@ class BufferCache {
 
     static constexpr BufferId NULL_BUFFER_ID{0};
 
+    static constexpr u64 EXPECTED_MEMORY = 512_MiB;
+    static constexpr u64 CRITICAL_MEMORY = 1_GiB;
+
     using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
 
     using Runtime = typename P::Runtime;
@@ -92,7 +99,7 @@ class BufferCache {
     };
 
 public:
-    static constexpr u32 DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE = 4096;
+    static constexpr u32 DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE = 4_KiB;
 
     explicit BufferCache(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer_,
                          Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D& maxwell3d_,
@@ -102,6 +109,8 @@ public:
 
     void TickFrame();
 
+    void RunGarbageCollector();
+
     void WriteMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size);
 
     void CachedWriteMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size);
@@ -243,6 +252,8 @@ private:
     template <bool insert>
     void ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id);
 
+    void TouchBuffer(Buffer& buffer) const noexcept;
+
     bool SynchronizeBuffer(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size);
 
     bool SynchronizeBufferImpl(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size);
@@ -255,6 +266,10 @@ private:
 
     void MappedUploadMemory(Buffer& buffer, u64 total_size_bytes, std::span<BufferCopy> copies);
 
+    void DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer_id);
+
+    void DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer_id, VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size);
+
     void DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id);
 
     void ReplaceBufferDownloads(BufferId old_buffer_id, BufferId new_buffer_id);
@@ -319,6 +334,10 @@ private:
     size_t immediate_buffer_capacity = 0;
     std::unique_ptr<u8[]> immediate_buffer_alloc;
 
+    typename SlotVector<Buffer>::Iterator deletion_iterator;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+    u64 total_used_memory = 0;
+
     std::array<BufferId, ((1ULL << 39) >> PAGE_BITS)> page_table;
 };
 
@@ -332,6 +351,28 @@ BufferCache<P>::BufferCache(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer_,
       gpu_memory{gpu_memory_}, cpu_memory{cpu_memory_}, runtime{runtime_} {
     // Ensure the first slot is used for the null buffer
     void(slot_buffers.insert(runtime, NullBufferParams{}));
+    deletion_iterator = slot_buffers.end();
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::RunGarbageCollector() {
+    const bool aggressive_gc = total_used_memory >= CRITICAL_MEMORY;
+    const u64 ticks_to_destroy = aggressive_gc ? 60 : 120;
+    int num_iterations = aggressive_gc ? 64 : 32;
+    for (; num_iterations > 0; --num_iterations) {
+        if (deletion_iterator == slot_buffers.end()) {
+            deletion_iterator = slot_buffers.begin();
+        }
+        ++deletion_iterator;
+        if (deletion_iterator == slot_buffers.end()) {
+            break;
+        }
+        const auto [buffer_id, buffer] = *deletion_iterator;
+        if (buffer->FrameTick() + ticks_to_destroy < frame_tick) {
+            DownloadBufferMemory(*buffer);
+            DeleteBuffer(buffer_id);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -349,6 +390,10 @@ void BufferCache<P>::TickFrame() {
     const bool skip_preferred = hits * 256 < shots * 251;
     uniform_buffer_skip_cache_size = skip_preferred ? DEFAULT_SKIP_CACHE_SIZE : 0;
 
+    if (Settings::values.use_caches_gc.GetValue() && total_used_memory >= EXPECTED_MEMORY) {
+        RunGarbageCollector();
+    }
+    ++frame_tick;
     delayed_destruction_ring.Tick();
 }
 
@@ -371,50 +416,8 @@ void BufferCache<P>::CachedWriteMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DownloadMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
-    ForEachBufferInRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](BufferId, Buffer& buffer) {
-        boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 1> copies;
-        u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
-        u64 largest_copy = 0;
-        buffer.ForEachDownloadRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](u64 range_offset, u64 range_size) {
-            copies.push_back(BufferCopy{
-                .src_offset = range_offset,
-                .dst_offset = total_size_bytes,
-                .size = range_size,
-            });
-            total_size_bytes += range_size;
-            largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, range_size);
-        });
-        if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
-
-        if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
-            auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes);
-            const u8* const mapped_memory = download_staging.mapped_span.data();
-            const std::span<BufferCopy> copies_span(copies.data(), copies.data() + copies.size());
-            for (BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                // Modify copies to have the staging offset in mind
-                copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
-            }
-            runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies_span);
-            runtime.Finish();
-            for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                // Undo the modified offset
-                const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - download_staging.offset;
-                const u8* copy_mapped_memory = mapped_memory + dst_offset;
-                cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, copy_mapped_memory, copy.size);
-            }
-        } else {
-            const std::span<u8> immediate_buffer = ImmediateBuffer(largest_copy);
-            for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
-                buffer.ImmediateDownload(copy.src_offset, immediate_buffer.subspan(0, copy.size));
-                const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, immediate_buffer.data(), copy.size);
-            }
-        }
-    });
+    ForEachBufferInRange(cpu_addr, size,
+                         [&](BufferId, Buffer& buffer) { DownloadBufferMemory(buffer); });
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -640,6 +643,7 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::IsRegionGpuModified(VAddr addr, size_t size) {
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::BindHostIndexBuffer() {
     Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[index_buffer.buffer_id];
+    TouchBuffer(buffer);
     const u32 offset = buffer.Offset(index_buffer.cpu_addr);
     const u32 size = index_buffer.size;
     SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, index_buffer.cpu_addr, size);
@@ -658,6 +662,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostVertexBuffers() {
     for (u32 index = 0; index < NUM_VERTEX_BUFFERS; ++index) {
         const Binding& binding = vertex_buffers[index];
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
         SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, binding.size);
         if (!flags[Dirty::VertexBuffer0 + index]) {
             continue;
@@ -693,6 +698,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsUniformBuffer(size_t stage, u32 index, u32
     const VAddr cpu_addr = binding.cpu_addr;
     const u32 size = binding.size;
     Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+    TouchBuffer(buffer);
     const bool use_fast_buffer = binding.buffer_id != NULL_BUFFER_ID &&
                                  size <= uniform_buffer_skip_cache_size &&
                                  !buffer.IsRegionGpuModified(cpu_addr, size);
@@ -744,6 +750,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostGraphicsStorageBuffers(size_t stage) {
     ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_storage_buffers[stage], [&](u32 index) {
         const Binding& binding = storage_buffers[stage][index];
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
         SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);
 
@@ -766,6 +773,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostTransformFeedbackBuffers() {
     for (u32 index = 0; index < NUM_TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_BUFFERS; ++index) {
         const Binding& binding = transform_feedback_buffers[index];
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
         SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);
 
@@ -784,6 +792,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeUniformBuffers() {
     ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_compute_uniform_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
         const Binding& binding = compute_uniform_buffers[index];
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
         SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);
 
@@ -803,6 +812,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::BindHostComputeStorageBuffers() {
     ForEachEnabledBit(enabled_compute_storage_buffers, [&](u32 index) {
         const Binding& binding = compute_storage_buffers[index];
         Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[binding.buffer_id];
+        TouchBuffer(buffer);
         const u32 size = binding.size;
         SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, binding.cpu_addr, size);
 
@@ -1101,6 +1111,7 @@ BufferId BufferCache<P>::CreateBuffer(VAddr cpu_addr, u32 wanted_size) {
     const OverlapResult overlap = ResolveOverlaps(cpu_addr, wanted_size);
     const u32 size = static_cast<u32>(overlap.end - overlap.begin);
     const BufferId new_buffer_id = slot_buffers.insert(runtime, rasterizer, overlap.begin, size);
+    TouchBuffer(slot_buffers[new_buffer_id]);
     for (const BufferId overlap_id : overlap.ids) {
         JoinOverlap(new_buffer_id, overlap_id, !overlap.has_stream_leap);
     }
@@ -1122,8 +1133,14 @@ template <class P>
 template <bool insert>
 void BufferCache<P>::ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id) {
     const Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
+    const auto size = buffer.SizeBytes();
+    if (insert) {
+        total_used_memory += Common::AlignUp(size, 1024);
+    } else {
+        total_used_memory -= Common::AlignUp(size, 1024);
+    }
     const VAddr cpu_addr_begin = buffer.CpuAddr();
-    const VAddr cpu_addr_end = cpu_addr_begin + buffer.SizeBytes();
+    const VAddr cpu_addr_end = cpu_addr_begin + size;
     const u64 page_begin = cpu_addr_begin / PAGE_SIZE;
     const u64 page_end = Common::DivCeil(cpu_addr_end, PAGE_SIZE);
     for (u64 page = page_begin; page != page_end; ++page) {
@@ -1135,6 +1152,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::ChangeRegister(BufferId buffer_id) {
     }
 }
 
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::TouchBuffer(Buffer& buffer) const noexcept {
+    buffer.SetFrameTick(frame_tick);
+}
+
 template <class P>
 bool BufferCache<P>::SynchronizeBuffer(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u32 size) {
     if (buffer.CpuAddr() == 0) {
@@ -1211,6 +1233,57 @@ void BufferCache<P>::MappedUploadMemory(Buffer& buffer, u64 total_size_bytes,
     runtime.CopyBuffer(buffer, upload_staging.buffer, copies);
 }
 
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer) {
+    DownloadBufferMemory(buffer, buffer.CpuAddr(), buffer.SizeBytes());
+}
+
+template <class P>
+void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer, VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size) {
+    boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 1> copies;
+    u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
+    u64 largest_copy = 0;
+    buffer.ForEachDownloadRange(cpu_addr, size, [&](u64 range_offset, u64 range_size) {
+        copies.push_back(BufferCopy{
+            .src_offset = range_offset,
+            .dst_offset = total_size_bytes,
+            .size = range_size,
+        });
+        total_size_bytes += range_size;
+        largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, range_size);
+    });
+    if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
+
+    if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
+        auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes);
+        const u8* const mapped_memory = download_staging.mapped_span.data();
+        const std::span<BufferCopy> copies_span(copies.data(), copies.data() + copies.size());
+        for (BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            // Modify copies to have the staging offset in mind
+            copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
+        }
+        runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies_span);
+        runtime.Finish();
+        for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
+            // Undo the modified offset
+            const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - download_staging.offset;
+            const u8* copy_mapped_memory = mapped_memory + dst_offset;
+            cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, copy_mapped_memory, copy.size);
+        }
+    } else {
+        const std::span<u8> immediate_buffer = ImmediateBuffer(largest_copy);
+        for (const BufferCopy& copy : copies) {
+            buffer.ImmediateDownload(copy.src_offset, immediate_buffer.subspan(0, copy.size));
+            const VAddr copy_cpu_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
+            cpu_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(copy_cpu_addr, immediate_buffer.data(), copy.size);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id) {
     const auto scalar_replace = [buffer_id](Binding& binding) {
@@ -1236,6 +1309,7 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DeleteBuffer(BufferId buffer_id) {
 
     Unregister(buffer_id);
     delayed_destruction_ring.Push(std::move(slot_buffers[buffer_id]));
+    slot_buffers.erase(buffer_id);
 
     NotifyBufferDeletion();
 }