feat: init disk remote source

2026-07-04 19:15:33 +08:00 · 2026-02-27 02:39:53 +08:00
212 changed files with 13579 additions and 7675 deletions
@@ -988,16 +988,6 @@
            }
          }
        },
-        "providers.profiles": {
-          "type": "array",
-          "description": "The profile list for copilot providers.\n@default []",
-          "default": []
-        },
-        "providers.defaults": {
-          "type": "object",
-          "description": "The default provider ids for model output types and global fallback.\n@default {}",
-          "default": {}
-        },
        "providers.openai": {
          "type": "object",
          "description": "The config for the openai provider.\n@default {\"apiKey\":\"\",\"baseURL\":\"https://api.openai.com/v1\"}\n@link https://github.com/openai/openai-node",
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ runs:
      run: node -e "const p = $(yarn config cacheFolder --json).effective; console.log('yarn_global_cache=' + p)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

    - name: Cache non-full yarn cache on Linux
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
      if: ${{ inputs.full-cache != 'true' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
      with:
        path: |
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ runs:
    # and the decompression performance on Windows is very terrible
    # so we reduce the number of cached files on non-Linux systems by remove node_modules from cache path.
    - name: Cache non-full yarn cache on non-Linux
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
      if: ${{ inputs.full-cache != 'true' && runner.os != 'Linux' }}
      with:
        path: |
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ runs:
        key: node_modules-cache-${{ github.job }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.name }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.release }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.version }}

    - name: Cache full yarn cache on Linux
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
      if: ${{ inputs.full-cache == 'true' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
      with:
        path: |
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ runs:
        key: node_modules-cache-full-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.name }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.release }}-${{ steps.system-info.outputs.version }}

    - name: Cache full yarn cache on non-Linux
-      uses: actions/cache@v5
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
      if: ${{ inputs.full-cache == 'true' && runner.os != 'Linux' }}
      with:
        path: |
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ runs:
      # Note: Playwright's cache directory is hard coded because that's what it
      # says to do in the docs. There doesn't appear to be a command that prints
      # it out for us.
-    - uses: actions/cache@v5
+    - uses: actions/cache@v4
      id: playwright-cache
      if: ${{ inputs.playwright-install == 'true' }}
      with:
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ runs:
      run: |
        echo "version=$(yarn why --json electron | grep -h 'workspace:.' | jq --raw-output '.children[].locator' | sed -e 's/@playwright\/test@.*://' | head -n 1)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

-    - uses: actions/cache@v5
+    - uses: actions/cache@v4
      id: electron-cache
      if: ${{ inputs.electron-install == 'true' }}
      with:
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ jobs:
      pull-requests: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: actions/labeler@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/labeler@v5
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
            file: server-native.armv7.node

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - build-server-native
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
      - build-mobile
      - build-admin
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Download server dist
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Initialize CodeQL
        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ jobs:
    name: Lint
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Go (for actionlint)
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
          go-version: 'stable'
      - name: Install actionlint
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      NODE_OPTIONS: --max-old-space-size=14384
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
    outputs:
      run-rust: ${{ steps.rust-filter.outputs.rust }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
        id: rust-filter
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - rust-test-filter
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-rust
        with:
          target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - build-server-native
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Check yarn binary
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Run check
        run: |
          set -euo pipefail
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        shard: [1, 2]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ jobs:
    name: E2E BlockSuite Cross Browser Test
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -282,6 +282,52 @@ jobs:
          path: ./test-results
          if-no-files-found: ignore

+  bundler-matrix:
+    name: Bundler Matrix (${{ matrix.bundler }})
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        bundler: [webpack, rspack]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
+        with:
+          playwright-install: false
+          electron-install: false
+          full-cache: true
+
+      - name: Run frontend build matrix
+        env:
+          AFFINE_BUNDLER: ${{ matrix.bundler }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          packages=(
+            "@affine/web"
+            "@affine/mobile"
+            "@affine/ios"
+            "@affine/android"
+            "@affine/admin"
+            "@affine/electron-renderer"
+          )
+          summary="test-results-bundler-${AFFINE_BUNDLER}.txt"
+          : > "$summary"
+          for pkg in "${packages[@]}"; do
+            start=$(date +%s)
+            yarn affine "$pkg" build
+            end=$(date +%s)
+            echo "${pkg},$((end-start))" >> "$summary"
+          done
+
+      - name: Upload bundler timing
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: test-results-bundler-${{ matrix.bundler }}
+          path: ./test-results-bundler-${{ matrix.bundler }}.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
  e2e-test:
    name: E2E Test
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
@@ -294,7 +340,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        shard: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -326,7 +372,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        shard: [1, 2]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -358,7 +404,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        shard: [1, 2, 3]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -391,7 +437,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG: '1'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -430,7 +476,7 @@ jobs:
          - { os: macos-latest, target: aarch64-apple-darwin }

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -471,7 +517,7 @@ jobs:
          - { os: windows-latest, target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc }

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: samypr100/setup-dev-drive@v3
        with:
          workspace-copy: true
@@ -511,7 +557,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG: '1'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -534,7 +580,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Build @affine/electron renderer
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -561,7 +607,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - build-native-linux
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -615,7 +661,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -696,7 +742,7 @@ jobs:
          stack-version: 9.0.1
          security-enabled: false

-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -759,7 +805,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -800,7 +846,7 @@ jobs:
      CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
      MIRIFLAGS: -Zmiri-backtrace=full -Zmiri-tree-borrows
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
@@ -828,7 +874,7 @@ jobs:
      RUST_BACKTRACE: full
      CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
@@ -852,7 +898,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Rust
        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
@@ -891,7 +937,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Rust
        uses: ./.github/actions/build-rust
        with:
@@ -914,7 +960,7 @@ jobs:
      run-api: ${{ steps.decision.outputs.run_api }}
      run-e2e: ${{ steps.decision.outputs.run_e2e }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
        id: copilot-filter
@@ -983,7 +1029,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -1056,7 +1102,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -1139,7 +1185,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -1220,7 +1266,7 @@ jobs:
              test: true,
            }
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        timeout-minutes: 10
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
    env:
      CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG: '1'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
        with:
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 9308:9308
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    name: Post test result message
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Setup Node.js
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: ${{ github.event.action != 'edited' || github.event.changes.title != null }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
      - build-images
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Deploy to ${{ inputs.build-type }}
        uses: ./.github/actions/deploy
        with:
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
      SENTRY_DSN: ${{ secrets.SENTRY_DSN }}
      SENTRY_RELEASE: ${{ inputs.app_version }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
@@ -178,14 +178,14 @@ jobs:
          mv packages/frontend/apps/electron/out/*/make/deb/${{ inputs.arch }}/*.deb ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-linux-${{ inputs.arch }}.deb
          mv packages/frontend/apps/electron/out/*/make/flatpak/*/*.flatpak ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-linux-${{ inputs.arch }}.flatpak

-      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
        if: ${{ inputs.platform == 'darwin' }}
        with:
          subject-path: |
            ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-macos-${{ inputs.arch }}.zip
            ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-macos-${{ inputs.arch }}.dmg

-      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
        if: ${{ inputs.platform == 'linux' }}
        with:
          subject-path: |
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ jobs:
      FILES_TO_BE_SIGNED_x64: ${{ steps.get_files_to_be_signed.outputs.FILES_TO_BE_SIGNED_x64 }}
      FILES_TO_BE_SIGNED_arm64: ${{ steps.get_files_to_be_signed.outputs.FILES_TO_BE_SIGNED_arm64 }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ jobs:
          mv packages/frontend/apps/electron/out/*/make/squirrel.windows/${{ matrix.spec.arch }}/*.exe ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-windows-${{ matrix.spec.arch }}.exe
          mv packages/frontend/apps/electron/out/*/make/nsis.windows/${{ matrix.spec.arch }}/*.exe ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-windows-${{ matrix.spec.arch }}.nsis.exe

-      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+      - uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
        with:
          subject-path: |
            ./builds/affine-${{ env.RELEASE_VERSION }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-windows-${{ matrix.spec.arch }}.zip
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Download Artifacts (macos-x64)
        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
  build-android-web:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - build-ios-web
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - build-android-web
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Setup Version
        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-version
        with:
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
      GIT_SHORT_HASH: ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.GIT_SHORT_HASH }}
      BUILD_TYPE: ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.BUILD_TYPE }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Prepare Release
        id: prepare
        uses: ./.github/actions/prepare-release
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Decide whether to release
        id: decide
-        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
        with:
          script: |
            const buildType = '${{ needs.prepare.outputs.BUILD_TYPE }}'
@@ -135,10 +135,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "napi-derive",
 "once_cell",
 "serde_json",
+ "sha3",
 "sqlx",
 "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "uuid",
+ "y-octo",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -181,7 +183,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "chrono",
 "file-format",
 "infer",
- "llm_adapter",
 "mimalloc",
 "mp4parse",
 "napi",
@@ -189,8 +190,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "napi-derive",
 "rand 0.9.2",
 "rayon",
- "serde",
- "serde_json",
 "sha3",
 "tiktoken-rs",
 "tokio",
@@ -248,7 +247,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ed7572b7ba83a31e20d1b48970ee402d2e3e0537dcfe0a3ff4d6eb7508617d43"
 dependencies = [
 "alsa-sys",
- "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "bitflags 2.10.0",
 "cfg-if",
 "libc",
 ]
@@ -461,12 +460,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "num-traits",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "atomic-waker"
-version = "1.1.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1505bd5d3d116872e7271a6d4e16d81d0c8570876c8de68093a09ac269d8aac0"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "auto_enums"
 version = "0.8.7"
@@ -485,28 +478,6 @@ version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c08606f8c3cbf4ce6ec8e28fb0014a2c086708fe954eaa885384a6165172e7e8"

-[[package]]
-name = "aws-lc-rs"
-version = "1.16.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d9a7b350e3bb1767102698302bc37256cbd48422809984b98d292c40e2579aa9"
-dependencies = [
- "aws-lc-sys",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "aws-lc-sys"
-version = "0.37.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b092fe214090261288111db7a2b2c2118e5a7f30dc2569f1732c4069a6840549"
-dependencies = [
- "cc",
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 [[package]]
 name = "scoped-tls"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -4293,29 +3955,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "syn 2.0.114",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "security-framework"
-version = "3.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b7f4bc775c73d9a02cde8bf7b2ec4c9d12743edf609006c7facc23998404cd1d"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.11.0",
- "core-foundation",
- "core-foundation-sys",
- "libc",
- "security-framework-sys",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "security-framework-sys"
-version = "2.17.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6ce2691df843ecc5d231c0b14ece2acc3efb62c0a398c7e1d875f3983ce020e3"
-dependencies = [
- "core-foundation-sys",
- "libc",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
 version = "1.0.27"
@@ -4632,7 +4271,7 @@ checksum = "aa003f0038df784eb8fecbbac13affe3da23b45194bd57dba231c8f48199c526"
 dependencies = [
 "atoi",
 "base64",
- "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "bitflags 2.10.0",
 "byteorder",
 "bytes",
 "chrono",
@@ -4675,7 +4314,7 @@ checksum = "db58fcd5a53cf07c184b154801ff91347e4c30d17a3562a635ff028ad5deda46"
 dependencies = [
 "atoi",
 "base64",
- "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "bitflags 2.10.0",
 "byteorder",
 "chrono",
 "crc",
@@ -5041,15 +4680,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "unicode-ident",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "sync_wrapper"
-version = "1.0.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0bf256ce5efdfa370213c1dabab5935a12e49f2c58d15e9eac2870d3b4f27263"
-dependencies = [
- "futures-core",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "synstructure"
 version = "0.13.2"
@@ -5241,16 +4871,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "syn 2.0.114",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "tokio-rustls"
-version = "0.26.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1729aa945f29d91ba541258c8df89027d5792d85a8841fb65e8bf0f4ede4ef61"
-dependencies = [
- "rustls",
- "tokio",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-stream"
 version = "0.1.18"
@@ -5294,58 +4914,13 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "toml_parser"
-version = "1.0.9+spec-1.1.0"
+version = "1.0.6+spec-1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "702d4415e08923e7e1ef96cd5727c0dfed80b4d2fa25db9647fe5eb6f7c5a4c4"
+checksum = "a3198b4b0a8e11f09dd03e133c0280504d0801269e9afa46362ffde1cbeebf44"
 dependencies = [
 "winnow",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "tower"
-version = "0.5.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ebe5ef63511595f1344e2d5cfa636d973292adc0eec1f0ad45fae9f0851ab1d4"
-dependencies = [
- "futures-core",
- "futures-util",
- "pin-project-lite",
- "sync_wrapper",
- "tokio",
- "tower-layer",
- "tower-service",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "tower-http"
-version = "0.6.8"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d4e6559d53cc268e5031cd8429d05415bc4cb4aefc4aa5d6cc35fbf5b924a1f8"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.11.0",
- "bytes",
- "futures-util",
- "http",
- "http-body",
- "iri-string",
- "pin-project-lite",
- "tower",
- "tower-layer",
- "tower-service",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "tower-layer"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "121c2a6cda46980bb0fcd1647ffaf6cd3fc79a013de288782836f6df9c48780e"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "tower-service"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8df9b6e13f2d32c91b9bd719c00d1958837bc7dec474d94952798cc8e69eeec3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "tracing"
 version = "0.1.44"
@@ -5548,12 +5123,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "tree-sitter-language",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "try-lock"
-version = "0.2.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e421abadd41a4225275504ea4d6566923418b7f05506fbc9c0fe86ba7396114b"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "type1-encoding-parser"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -5874,15 +5443,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "winapi-util",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "want"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bfa7760aed19e106de2c7c0b581b509f2f25d3dacaf737cb82ac61bc6d760b0e"
-dependencies = [
- "try-lock",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "wasi"
 version = "0.11.1+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
@@ -5972,25 +5532,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "wasm-bindgen",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "web-time"
-version = "1.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a6580f308b1fad9207618087a65c04e7a10bc77e02c8e84e9b00dd4b12fa0bb"
-dependencies = [
- "js-sys",
- "wasm-bindgen",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "webpki-root-certs"
-version = "1.0.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "804f18a4ac2676ffb4e8b5b5fa9ae38af06df08162314f96a68d2a363e21a8ca"
-dependencies = [
- "rustls-pki-types",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "webpki-roots"
 version = "0.26.11"
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ resolver = "3"
  lasso = { version = "0.7", features = ["multi-threaded"] }
  lib0 = { version = "0.16", features = ["lib0-serde"] }
  libc = "0.2"
-  llm_adapter = "0.1.1"
  log = "0.4"
  loom = { version = "0.7", features = ["checkpoint"] }
  lru = "0.16"
@@ -108,9 +108,7 @@ export class BookmarkBlockComponent extends CaptionedBlockComponent<BookmarkBloc
  }

  open = () => {
-    const link = this.link;
-    if (!link) return;
-    window.open(link, '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer');
+    window.open(this.link, '_blank');
  };

  refreshData = () => {
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
    "@blocksuite/sync": "workspace:*",
    "@floating-ui/dom": "^1.6.13",
    "@lit/context": "^1.1.2",
-    "@lottiefiles/dotlottie-wc": "^0.9.4",
+    "@lottiefiles/dotlottie-wc": "^0.5.0",
    "@preact/signals-core": "^1.8.0",
    "@toeverything/theme": "^1.1.23",
    "@types/hast": "^3.0.4",
@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  getHostName,
-  isValidUrl,
-  normalizeUrl,
-} from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/utils';
+import { getHostName } from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/utils';
 import { PropTypes, requiredProperties } from '@blocksuite/std';
 import { css, LitElement } from 'lit';
 import { property } from 'lit/decorators.js';
@@ -48,27 +44,15 @@ export class LinkPreview extends LitElement {

  override render() {
    const { url } = this;
-    const normalizedUrl = normalizeUrl(url);
-    const safeUrl =
-      normalizedUrl && isValidUrl(normalizedUrl) ? normalizedUrl : null;
-    const hostName = getHostName(safeUrl ?? url);
-
-    if (!safeUrl) {
-      return html`
-        <span class="affine-link-preview">
-          <span>${hostName}</span>
-        </span>
-      `;
-    }

    return html`
      <a
        class="affine-link-preview"
        rel="noopener noreferrer"
        target="_blank"
-        href=${safeUrl}
+        href=${url}
      >
-        <span>${hostName}</span>
+        <span>${getHostName(url)}</span>
      </a>
    `;
  }
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import type { FootNote } from '@blocksuite/affine-model';
 import { CitationProvider } from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/services';
 import { unsafeCSSVarV2 } from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/theme';
 import type { AffineTextAttributes } from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/types';
-import { isValidUrl, normalizeUrl } from '@blocksuite/affine-shared/utils';
 import { WithDisposable } from '@blocksuite/global/lit';
 import {
  BlockSelection,
@@ -153,9 +152,7 @@ export class AffineFootnoteNode extends WithDisposable(ShadowlessElement) {
  };

  private readonly _handleUrlReference = (url: string) => {
-    const normalizedUrl = normalizeUrl(url);
-    if (!normalizedUrl || !isValidUrl(normalizedUrl)) return;
-    window.open(normalizedUrl, '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer');
+    window.open(url, '_blank');
  };

  private readonly _updateFootnoteAttributes = (footnote: FootNote) => {
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ const toURL = (str: string) => {
  }
 };

-const hasAllowedScheme = (url: URL) => {
-  const protocol = url.protocol.slice(0, -1).toLowerCase();
-  return ALLOWED_SCHEMES.has(protocol);
-};
-
 function resolveURL(str: string, baseUrl: string, padded = false) {
  const url = toURL(str);
  if (!url) return null;
@@ -66,7 +61,6 @@ export function normalizeUrl(str: string) {

  // Formatted
  if (url) {
-    if (!hasAllowedScheme(url)) return '';
    if (!str.endsWith('/') && url.href.endsWith('/')) {
      return url.href.substring(0, url.href.length - 1);
    }
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
    "@blocksuite/icons": "^2.2.17",
    "@floating-ui/dom": "^1.6.13",
    "@lit/context": "^1.1.3",
-    "@lottiefiles/dotlottie-wc": "^0.9.4",
+    "@lottiefiles/dotlottie-wc": "^0.5.0",
    "@preact/signals-core": "^1.8.0",
    "@toeverything/theme": "^1.1.23",
    "@vanilla-extract/css": "^1.17.0",
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
    "af": "r affine.ts",
    "dev": "yarn affine dev",
    "build": "yarn affine build",
-    "lint:eslint": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=\"--max-old-space-size=16384\" eslint --report-unused-disable-directives-severity=off . --cache",
+    "lint:eslint": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=\"--max-old-space-size=8192\" eslint --report-unused-disable-directives-severity=off . --cache",
    "lint:eslint:fix": "yarn lint:eslint --fix --fix-type problem,suggestion,layout",
    "lint:prettier": "prettier --ignore-unknown --cache --check .",
    "lint:prettier:fix": "prettier --ignore-unknown --cache --write .",
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
    "@faker-js/faker": "^10.1.0",
    "@istanbuljs/schema": "^0.1.3",
    "@magic-works/i18n-codegen": "^0.6.1",
-    "@playwright/test": "=1.58.2",
+    "@playwright/test": "=1.52.0",
    "@smarttools/eslint-plugin-rxjs": "^1.0.8",
    "@taplo/cli": "^0.7.0",
    "@toeverything/infra": "workspace:*",
@@ -17,13 +17,10 @@ affine_common = { workspace = true, features = [
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 file-format = { workspace = true }
 infer = { workspace = true }
-llm_adapter = { workspace = true }
 mp4parse = { workspace = true }
 napi = { workspace = true, features = ["async"] }
 napi-derive = { workspace = true }
 rand = { workspace = true }
-serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = { workspace = true }
 sha3 = { workspace = true }
 tiktoken-rs = { workspace = true }
 v_htmlescape = { workspace = true }
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 /* auto-generated by NAPI-RS */
 /* eslint-disable */
-export declare class LlmStreamHandle {
-  abort(): void
-}
-
 export declare class Tokenizer {
  count(content: string, allowedSpecial?: Array<string> | undefined | null): number
 }
@@ -50,10 +46,6 @@ export declare function getMime(input: Uint8Array): string

 export declare function htmlSanitize(input: string): string

-export declare function llmDispatch(protocol: string, backendConfigJson: string, requestJson: string): string
-
-export declare function llmDispatchStream(protocol: string, backendConfigJson: string, requestJson: string, callback: ((err: Error | null, arg: string) => void)): LlmStreamHandle
-
 /**
 * Merge updates in form like `Y.applyUpdate(doc, update)` way and return the
 * result binary.
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ pub mod doc_loader;
 pub mod file_type;
 pub mod hashcash;
 pub mod html_sanitize;
-pub mod llm;
 pub mod tiktoken;

 use affine_common::napi_utils::map_napi_err;
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
-use std::sync::{
-  Arc,
-  atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
-};
-
-use llm_adapter::{
-  backend::{
-    BackendConfig, BackendError, BackendProtocol, ReqwestHttpClient, dispatch_request, dispatch_stream_events_with,
-  },
-  core::{CoreRequest, StreamEvent},
-  middleware::{
-    MiddlewareConfig, PipelineContext, RequestMiddleware, StreamMiddleware, citation_indexing, clamp_max_tokens,
-    normalize_messages, run_request_middleware_chain, run_stream_middleware_chain, stream_event_normalize,
-    tool_schema_rewrite,
-  },
-};
-use napi::{
-  Error, Result, Status,
-  threadsafe_function::{ThreadsafeFunction, ThreadsafeFunctionCallMode},
-};
-use serde::Deserialize;
-
-pub const STREAM_END_MARKER: &str = "__AFFINE_LLM_STREAM_END__";
-const STREAM_ABORTED_REASON: &str = "__AFFINE_LLM_STREAM_ABORTED__";
-const STREAM_CALLBACK_DISPATCH_FAILED_REASON: &str = "__AFFINE_LLM_STREAM_CALLBACK_DISPATCH_FAILED__";
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(default)]
-struct LlmMiddlewarePayload {
-  request: Vec<String>,
-  stream: Vec<String>,
-  config: MiddlewareConfig,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
-struct LlmDispatchPayload {
-  #[serde(flatten)]
-  request: CoreRequest,
-  #[serde(default)]
-  middleware: LlmMiddlewarePayload,
-}
-
-#[napi]
-pub struct LlmStreamHandle {
-  aborted: Arc<AtomicBool>,
-}
-
-#[napi]
-impl LlmStreamHandle {
-  #[napi]
-  pub fn abort(&self) {
-    self.aborted.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
-  }
-}
-
-#[napi(catch_unwind)]
-pub fn llm_dispatch(protocol: String, backend_config_json: String, request_json: String) -> Result<String> {
-  let protocol = parse_protocol(&protocol)?;
-  let config: BackendConfig = serde_json::from_str(&backend_config_json).map_err(map_json_error)?;
-  let payload: LlmDispatchPayload = serde_json::from_str(&request_json).map_err(map_json_error)?;
-  let request = apply_request_middlewares(payload.request, &payload.middleware)?;
-
-  let response =
-    dispatch_request(&ReqwestHttpClient::default(), &config, protocol, &request).map_err(map_backend_error)?;
-
-  serde_json::to_string(&response).map_err(map_json_error)
-}
-
-#[napi(catch_unwind)]
-pub fn llm_dispatch_stream(
-  protocol: String,
-  backend_config_json: String,
-  request_json: String,
-  callback: ThreadsafeFunction<String, ()>,
-) -> Result<LlmStreamHandle> {
-  let protocol = parse_protocol(&protocol)?;
-  let config: BackendConfig = serde_json::from_str(&backend_config_json).map_err(map_json_error)?;
-  let payload: LlmDispatchPayload = serde_json::from_str(&request_json).map_err(map_json_error)?;
-  let request = apply_request_middlewares(payload.request, &payload.middleware)?;
-  let middleware = payload.middleware.clone();
-
-  let aborted = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-  let aborted_in_worker = aborted.clone();
-
-  std::thread::spawn(move || {
-    let chain = match resolve_stream_chain(&middleware.stream) {
-      Ok(chain) => chain,
-      Err(error) => {
-        emit_error_event(&callback, error.reason.clone(), "middleware_error");
-        let _ = callback.call(
-          Ok(STREAM_END_MARKER.to_string()),
-          ThreadsafeFunctionCallMode::NonBlocking,
-        );
-        return;
-      }
-    };
-    let mut pipeline = StreamPipeline::new(chain, middleware.config.clone());
-    let mut aborted_by_user = false;
-    let mut callback_dispatch_failed = false;
-
-    let result = dispatch_stream_events_with(&ReqwestHttpClient::default(), &config, protocol, &request, |event| {
-      if aborted_in_worker.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-        aborted_by_user = true;
-        return Err(BackendError::Http(STREAM_ABORTED_REASON.to_string()));
-      }
-
-      for event in pipeline.process(event) {
-        let status = emit_stream_event(&callback, &event);
-        if status != Status::Ok {
-          callback_dispatch_failed = true;
-          return Err(BackendError::Http(format!(
-            "{STREAM_CALLBACK_DISPATCH_FAILED_REASON}:{status}"
-          )));
-        }
-      }
-
-      Ok(())
-    });
-
-    if !aborted_by_user {
-      for event in pipeline.finish() {
-        if aborted_in_worker.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-          aborted_by_user = true;
-          break;
-        }
-        if emit_stream_event(&callback, &event) != Status::Ok {
-          callback_dispatch_failed = true;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    if let Err(error) = result
-      && !aborted_by_user
-      && !callback_dispatch_failed
-      && !is_abort_error(&error)
-      && !is_callback_dispatch_failed_error(&error)
-    {
-      emit_error_event(&callback, error.to_string(), "dispatch_error");
-    }
-
-    if !callback_dispatch_failed {
-      let _ = callback.call(
-        Ok(STREAM_END_MARKER.to_string()),
-        ThreadsafeFunctionCallMode::NonBlocking,
-      );
-    }
-  });
-
-  Ok(LlmStreamHandle { aborted })
-}
-
-fn apply_request_middlewares(request: CoreRequest, middleware: &LlmMiddlewarePayload) -> Result<CoreRequest> {
-  let chain = resolve_request_chain(&middleware.request)?;
-  Ok(run_request_middleware_chain(request, &middleware.config, &chain))
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone)]
-struct StreamPipeline {
-  chain: Vec<StreamMiddleware>,
-  config: MiddlewareConfig,
-  context: PipelineContext,
-}
-
-impl StreamPipeline {
-  fn new(chain: Vec<StreamMiddleware>, config: MiddlewareConfig) -> Self {
-    Self {
-      chain,
-      config,
-      context: PipelineContext::default(),
-    }
-  }
-
-  fn process(&mut self, event: StreamEvent) -> Vec<StreamEvent> {
-    run_stream_middleware_chain(event, &mut self.context, &self.config, &self.chain)
-  }
-
-  fn finish(&mut self) -> Vec<StreamEvent> {
-    self.context.flush_pending_deltas();
-    self.context.drain_queued_events()
-  }
-}
-
-fn emit_stream_event(callback: &ThreadsafeFunction<String, ()>, event: &StreamEvent) -> Status {
-  let value = serde_json::to_string(event).unwrap_or_else(|error| {
-    serde_json::json!({
-      "type": "error",
-      "message": format!("failed to serialize stream event: {error}"),
-    })
-    .to_string()
-  });
-
-  callback.call(Ok(value), ThreadsafeFunctionCallMode::NonBlocking)
-}
-
-fn emit_error_event(callback: &ThreadsafeFunction<String, ()>, message: String, code: &str) {
-  let error_event = serde_json::to_string(&StreamEvent::Error {
-    message: message.clone(),
-    code: Some(code.to_string()),
-  })
-  .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
-    serde_json::json!({
-      "type": "error",
-      "message": message,
-      "code": code,
-    })
-    .to_string()
-  });
-
-  let _ = callback.call(Ok(error_event), ThreadsafeFunctionCallMode::NonBlocking);
-}
-
-fn is_abort_error(error: &BackendError) -> bool {
-  matches!(
-    error,
-    BackendError::Http(reason) if reason == STREAM_ABORTED_REASON
-  )
-}
-
-fn is_callback_dispatch_failed_error(error: &BackendError) -> bool {
-  matches!(
-    error,
-    BackendError::Http(reason) if reason.starts_with(STREAM_CALLBACK_DISPATCH_FAILED_REASON)
-  )
-}
-
-fn resolve_request_chain(request: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<RequestMiddleware>> {
-  if request.is_empty() {
-    return Ok(vec![normalize_messages, tool_schema_rewrite]);
-  }
-
-  request
-    .iter()
-    .map(|name| match name.as_str() {
-      "normalize_messages" => Ok(normalize_messages as RequestMiddleware),
-      "clamp_max_tokens" => Ok(clamp_max_tokens as RequestMiddleware),
-      "tool_schema_rewrite" => Ok(tool_schema_rewrite as RequestMiddleware),
-      _ => Err(Error::new(
-        Status::InvalidArg,
-        format!("Unsupported request middleware: {name}"),
-      )),
-    })
-    .collect()
-}
-
-fn resolve_stream_chain(stream: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<StreamMiddleware>> {
-  if stream.is_empty() {
-    return Ok(vec![stream_event_normalize, citation_indexing]);
-  }
-
-  stream
-    .iter()
-    .map(|name| match name.as_str() {
-      "stream_event_normalize" => Ok(stream_event_normalize as StreamMiddleware),
-      "citation_indexing" => Ok(citation_indexing as StreamMiddleware),
-      _ => Err(Error::new(
-        Status::InvalidArg,
-        format!("Unsupported stream middleware: {name}"),
-      )),
-    })
-    .collect()
-}
-
-fn parse_protocol(protocol: &str) -> Result<BackendProtocol> {
-  match protocol {
-    "openai_chat" | "openai-chat" | "openai_chat_completions" | "chat-completions" | "chat_completions" => {
-      Ok(BackendProtocol::OpenaiChatCompletions)
-    }
-    "openai_responses" | "openai-responses" | "responses" => Ok(BackendProtocol::OpenaiResponses),
-    "anthropic" | "anthropic_messages" | "anthropic-messages" => Ok(BackendProtocol::AnthropicMessages),
-    other => Err(Error::new(
-      Status::InvalidArg,
-      format!("Unsupported llm backend protocol: {other}"),
-    )),
-  }
-}
-
-fn map_json_error(error: serde_json::Error) -> Error {
-  Error::new(Status::InvalidArg, format!("Invalid JSON payload: {error}"))
-}
-
-fn map_backend_error(error: BackendError) -> Error {
-  Error::new(Status::GenericFailure, error.to_string())
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-  use super::*;
-
-  #[test]
-  fn should_parse_supported_protocol_aliases() {
-    assert!(parse_protocol("openai_chat").is_ok());
-    assert!(parse_protocol("chat-completions").is_ok());
-    assert!(parse_protocol("responses").is_ok());
-    assert!(parse_protocol("anthropic").is_ok());
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn should_reject_unsupported_protocol() {
-    let error = parse_protocol("unknown").unwrap_err();
-    assert_eq!(error.status, Status::InvalidArg);
-    assert!(error.reason.contains("Unsupported llm backend protocol"));
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn llm_dispatch_should_reject_invalid_backend_json() {
-    let error = llm_dispatch("openai_chat".to_string(), "{".to_string(), "{}".to_string()).unwrap_err();
-    assert_eq!(error.status, Status::InvalidArg);
-    assert!(error.reason.contains("Invalid JSON payload"));
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn map_json_error_should_use_invalid_arg_status() {
-    let parse_error = serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>("{").unwrap_err();
-    let error = map_json_error(parse_error);
-    assert_eq!(error.status, Status::InvalidArg);
-    assert!(error.reason.contains("Invalid JSON payload"));
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn resolve_request_chain_should_support_clamp_max_tokens() {
-    let chain = resolve_request_chain(&["normalize_messages".to_string(), "clamp_max_tokens".to_string()]).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(chain.len(), 2);
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn resolve_request_chain_should_reject_unknown_middleware() {
-    let error = resolve_request_chain(&["unknown".to_string()]).unwrap_err();
-    assert_eq!(error.status, Status::InvalidArg);
-    assert!(error.reason.contains("Unsupported request middleware"));
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn resolve_stream_chain_should_reject_unknown_middleware() {
-    let error = resolve_stream_chain(&["unknown".to_string()]).unwrap_err();
-    assert_eq!(error.status, Status::InvalidArg);
-    assert!(error.reason.contains("Unsupported stream middleware"));
-  }
-}
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@
    "dev": "nodemon ./src/index.ts",
    "dev:mail": "email dev -d src/mails",
    "test": "ava --concurrency 1 --serial",
-    "test:copilot": "ava \"src/__tests__/copilot/copilot-*.spec.ts\"",
+    "test:copilot": "ava \"src/__tests__/copilot-*.spec.ts\"",
    "test:coverage": "c8 ava --concurrency 1 --serial",
-    "test:copilot:coverage": "c8 ava --timeout=5m \"src/__tests__/copilot/copilot-*.spec.ts\"",
+    "test:copilot:coverage": "c8 ava --timeout=5m \"src/__tests__/copilot-*.spec.ts\"",
    "e2e": "cross-env TEST_MODE=e2e ava --serial",
    "e2e:coverage": "cross-env TEST_MODE=e2e c8 ava --serial",
    "data-migration": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development SERVER_FLAVOR=script r ./src/index.ts",
@@ -28,8 +28,12 @@
  "dependencies": {
    "@affine/s3-compat": "workspace:*",
    "@affine/server-native": "workspace:*",
+    "@ai-sdk/anthropic": "^2.0.54",
    "@ai-sdk/google": "^2.0.45",
    "@ai-sdk/google-vertex": "^3.0.88",
+    "@ai-sdk/openai": "^2.0.80",
+    "@ai-sdk/openai-compatible": "^1.0.28",
+    "@ai-sdk/perplexity": "^2.0.21",
    "@apollo/server": "^4.13.0",
    "@fal-ai/serverless-client": "^0.15.0",
    "@google-cloud/opentelemetry-cloud-trace-exporter": "^3.0.0",
@@ -51,18 +55,18 @@
    "@node-rs/crc32": "^1.10.6",
    "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.9.0",
    "@opentelemetry/core": "^2.2.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/exporter-prometheus": "^0.212.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/exporter-prometheus": "^0.211.0",
    "@opentelemetry/exporter-zipkin": "^2.2.0",
    "@opentelemetry/host-metrics": "^0.38.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation": "^0.212.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-graphql": "^0.60.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-http": "^0.212.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-ioredis": "^0.60.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-nestjs-core": "^0.58.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-socket.io": "^0.59.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation": "^0.211.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-graphql": "^0.58.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-http": "^0.211.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-ioredis": "^0.59.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-nestjs-core": "^0.57.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-socket.io": "^0.57.0",
    "@opentelemetry/resources": "^2.2.0",
    "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics": "^2.2.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/sdk-node": "^0.212.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-node": "^0.211.0",
    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node": "^2.2.0",
    "@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions": "^1.38.0",
    "@prisma/client": "^6.6.0",
@@ -122,6 +126,7 @@
    "@faker-js/faker": "^10.1.0",
    "@nestjs/swagger": "^11.2.0",
    "@nestjs/testing": "patch:@nestjs/testing@npm%3A10.4.15#~/.yarn/patches/@nestjs-testing-npm-10.4.15-d591a1705a.patch",
+    "@react-email/preview-server": "^4.3.2",
    "@types/cookie-parser": "^1.4.8",
    "@types/express": "^5.0.1",
    "@types/express-serve-static-core": "^5.0.6",
@@ -137,7 +142,7 @@
    "@types/react-dom": "^19.0.2",
    "@types/semver": "^7.5.8",
    "@types/sinon": "^21.0.0",
-    "@types/supertest": "^7.0.0",
+    "@types/supertest": "^6.0.2",
    "ava": "^6.4.0",
    "c8": "^10.1.3",
    "nodemon": "^3.1.14",
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
      {
        messages: [
          {
-            content: 'generate text to text stream',
+            content: 'generate text to text',
            role: 'assistant',
          },
        ],
        pinned: false,
-        tokens: 10,
+        tokens: 8,
      },
    ]

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
      {
        messages: [
          {
-            content: 'generate text to text stream',
+            content: 'generate text to text',
            role: 'assistant',
          },
        ],
        pinned: false,
-        tokens: 10,
+        tokens: 8,
      },
    ]

@@ -43,9 +43,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
 > Snapshot 5

    Buffer @Uint8Array [
-      89504e47 0d0a1a0a 0000000d 49484452 00000001 00000001 08040000 00b51c0c
-      02000000 0b494441 5478da63 fcff1f00 03030200 efa37c9f 00000000 49454e44
-      ae426082
+      66616b65 20696d61 6765
    ]

 ## should preview link
@@ -4,31 +4,31 @@ import type { ExecutionContext, TestFn } from 'ava';
 import ava from 'ava';
 import { z } from 'zod';

-import { ServerFeature, ServerService } from '../../core';
-import { AuthService } from '../../core/auth';
-import { QuotaModule } from '../../core/quota';
-import { Models } from '../../models';
-import { CopilotModule } from '../../plugins/copilot';
-import { prompts, PromptService } from '../../plugins/copilot/prompt';
+import { ServerFeature, ServerService } from '../core';
+import { AuthService } from '../core/auth';
+import { QuotaModule } from '../core/quota';
+import { Models } from '../models';
+import { CopilotModule } from '../plugins/copilot';
+import { prompts, PromptService } from '../plugins/copilot/prompt';
 import {
  CopilotProviderFactory,
  CopilotProviderType,
  StreamObject,
  StreamObjectSchema,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers';
-import { TranscriptionResponseSchema } from '../../plugins/copilot/transcript/types';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/providers';
+import { TranscriptionResponseSchema } from '../plugins/copilot/transcript/types';
 import {
  CopilotChatTextExecutor,
  CopilotWorkflowService,
  GraphExecutorState,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/workflow';
 import {
  CopilotChatImageExecutor,
  CopilotCheckHtmlExecutor,
  CopilotCheckJsonExecutor,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor';
-import { createTestingModule, TestingModule } from '../utils';
-import { TestAssets } from '../utils/copilot';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor';
+import { createTestingModule, TestingModule } from './utils';
+import { TestAssets } from './utils/copilot';

 type Tester = {
  auth: AuthService;
@@ -6,25 +6,25 @@ import type { TestFn } from 'ava';
 import ava from 'ava';
 import Sinon from 'sinon';

-import { AppModule } from '../../app.module';
-import { JobQueue } from '../../base';
-import { ConfigModule } from '../../base/config';
-import { AuthService } from '../../core/auth';
-import { DocReader } from '../../core/doc';
-import { CopilotContextService } from '../../plugins/copilot/context';
+import { AppModule } from '../app.module';
+import { JobQueue } from '../base';
+import { ConfigModule } from '../base/config';
+import { AuthService } from '../core/auth';
+import { DocReader } from '../core/doc';
+import { CopilotContextService } from '../plugins/copilot/context';
 import {
  CopilotEmbeddingJob,
  MockEmbeddingClient,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/embedding';
-import { prompts, PromptService } from '../../plugins/copilot/prompt';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/embedding';
+import { prompts, PromptService } from '../plugins/copilot/prompt';
 import {
  CopilotProviderFactory,
  CopilotProviderType,
  GeminiGenerativeProvider,
  OpenAIProvider,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers';
-import { CopilotStorage } from '../../plugins/copilot/storage';
-import { MockCopilotProvider } from '../mocks';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/providers';
+import { CopilotStorage } from '../plugins/copilot/storage';
+import { MockCopilotProvider } from './mocks';
 import {
  acceptInviteById,
  createTestingApp,
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import {
  smallestPng,
  TestingApp,
  TestUser,
-} from '../utils';
+} from './utils';
 import {
  addContextDoc,
  addContextFile,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ import {
  textToEventStream,
  unsplashSearch,
  updateCopilotSession,
-} from '../utils/copilot';
+} from './utils/copilot';

 const test = ava as TestFn<{
  auth: AuthService;
@@ -513,11 +513,7 @@ test('should be able to chat with api', async t => {
    );
    const messageId = await createCopilotMessage(app, sessionId);
    const ret = await chatWithText(app, sessionId, messageId);
-    t.is(
-      ret,
-      'generate text to text stream',
-      'should be able to chat with text'
-    );
+    t.is(ret, 'generate text to text', 'should be able to chat with text');

    const ret2 = await chatWithTextStream(app, sessionId, messageId);
    t.is(
@@ -661,7 +657,7 @@ test('should be able to retry with api', async t => {
    const histories = await getHistories(app, { workspaceId: id, docId });
    t.deepEqual(
      histories.map(h => h.messages.map(m => m.content)),
-      [['generate text to text stream', 'generate text to text stream']],
+      [['generate text to text', 'generate text to text']],
      'should be able to list history'
    );
  }
@@ -798,7 +794,7 @@ test('should be able to list history', async t => {
    const histories = await getHistories(app, { workspaceId, docId });
    t.deepEqual(
      histories.map(h => h.messages.map(m => m.content)),
-      [['hello', 'generate text to text stream']],
+      [['hello', 'generate text to text']],
      'should be able to list history'
    );
  }
@@ -811,7 +807,7 @@ test('should be able to list history', async t => {
    });
    t.deepEqual(
      histories.map(h => h.messages.map(m => m.content)),
-      [['generate text to text stream', 'hello']],
+      [['generate text to text', 'hello']],
      'should be able to list history'
    );
  }
@@ -862,7 +858,7 @@ test('should reject request that user have not permission', async t => {
    const histories = await getHistories(app, { workspaceId, docId });
    t.deepEqual(
      histories.map(h => h.messages.map(m => m.content)),
-      [['generate text to text stream']],
+      [['generate text to text']],
      'should able to list history'
    );

@@ -8,38 +8,38 @@ import ava from 'ava';
 import { nanoid } from 'nanoid';
 import Sinon from 'sinon';

-import { EventBus, JobQueue } from '../../base';
-import { ConfigModule } from '../../base/config';
-import { AuthService } from '../../core/auth';
-import { QuotaModule } from '../../core/quota';
-import { StorageModule, WorkspaceBlobStorage } from '../../core/storage';
+import { EventBus, JobQueue } from '../base';
+import { ConfigModule } from '../base/config';
+import { AuthService } from '../core/auth';
+import { QuotaModule } from '../core/quota';
+import { StorageModule, WorkspaceBlobStorage } from '../core/storage';
 import {
  ContextCategories,
  CopilotSessionModel,
  WorkspaceModel,
-} from '../../models';
-import { CopilotModule } from '../../plugins/copilot';
-import { CopilotContextService } from '../../plugins/copilot/context';
-import { CopilotCronJobs } from '../../plugins/copilot/cron';
+} from '../models';
+import { CopilotModule } from '../plugins/copilot';
+import { CopilotContextService } from '../plugins/copilot/context';
+import { CopilotCronJobs } from '../plugins/copilot/cron';
 import {
  CopilotEmbeddingJob,
  MockEmbeddingClient,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/embedding';
-import { prompts, PromptService } from '../../plugins/copilot/prompt';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/embedding';
+import { prompts, PromptService } from '../plugins/copilot/prompt';
 import {
  CopilotProviderFactory,
  CopilotProviderType,
  ModelInputType,
  ModelOutputType,
  OpenAIProvider,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/providers';
 import {
  CitationParser,
  TextStreamParser,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/utils';
-import { ChatSessionService } from '../../plugins/copilot/session';
-import { CopilotStorage } from '../../plugins/copilot/storage';
-import { CopilotTranscriptionService } from '../../plugins/copilot/transcript';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/providers/utils';
+import { ChatSessionService } from '../plugins/copilot/session';
+import { CopilotStorage } from '../plugins/copilot/storage';
+import { CopilotTranscriptionService } from '../plugins/copilot/transcript';
 import {
  CopilotChatTextExecutor,
  CopilotWorkflowService,
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ import {
  WorkflowGraphExecutor,
  type WorkflowNodeData,
  WorkflowNodeType,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/workflow';
 import {
  CopilotChatImageExecutor,
  CopilotCheckHtmlExecutor,
@@ -56,16 +56,16 @@ import {
  getWorkflowExecutor,
  NodeExecuteState,
  NodeExecutorType,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor';
-import { AutoRegisteredWorkflowExecutor } from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor/utils';
-import { WorkflowGraphList } from '../../plugins/copilot/workflow/graph';
-import { CopilotWorkspaceService } from '../../plugins/copilot/workspace';
-import { PaymentModule } from '../../plugins/payment';
-import { SubscriptionService } from '../../plugins/payment/service';
-import { SubscriptionStatus } from '../../plugins/payment/types';
-import { MockCopilotProvider } from '../mocks';
-import { createTestingModule, TestingModule } from '../utils';
-import { WorkflowTestCases } from '../utils/copilot';
+} from '../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor';
+import { AutoRegisteredWorkflowExecutor } from '../plugins/copilot/workflow/executor/utils';
+import { WorkflowGraphList } from '../plugins/copilot/workflow/graph';
+import { CopilotWorkspaceService } from '../plugins/copilot/workspace';
+import { PaymentModule } from '../plugins/payment';
+import { SubscriptionService } from '../plugins/payment/service';
+import { SubscriptionStatus } from '../plugins/payment/types';
+import { MockCopilotProvider } from './mocks';
+import { createTestingModule, TestingModule } from './utils';
+import { WorkflowTestCases } from './utils/copilot';

 type Context = {
  auth: AuthService;
@@ -364,21 +364,6 @@ test('should be able to manage chat session', async t => {
    });
    t.is(newSessionId, sessionId, 'should get same session id');
  }
-
-  // should create a fresh session when reuseLatestChat is explicitly disabled
-  {
-    const newSessionId = await session.create({
-      userId,
-      promptName,
-      ...commonParams,
-      reuseLatestChat: false,
-    });
-    t.not(
-      newSessionId,
-      sessionId,
-      'should create new session id when reuseLatestChat is false'
-    );
-  }
 });

 test('should be able to update chat session prompt', async t => {
@@ -896,26 +881,6 @@ test('should be able to get provider', async t => {
  }
 });

-test('should resolve provider by prefixed model id', async t => {
-  const { factory } = t.context;
-
-  const provider = await factory.getProviderByModel('openai-default/test');
-  t.truthy(provider, 'should resolve prefixed model id');
-  t.is(provider?.type, CopilotProviderType.OpenAI);
-
-  const result = await provider?.text({ modelId: 'openai-default/test' }, [
-    { role: 'user', content: 'hello' },
-  ]);
-  t.is(result, 'generate text to text');
-});
-
-test('should fallback to null when prefixed provider id does not exist', async t => {
-  const { factory } = t.context;
-
-  const provider = await factory.getProviderByModel('unknown/test');
-  t.is(provider, null);
-});
-
 // ==================== workflow ====================

 // this test used to preview the final result of the workflow
@@ -2098,23 +2063,25 @@ test('should handle copilot cron jobs correctly', async t => {
 });

 test('should resolve model correctly based on subscription status and prompt config', async t => {
-  const { prompt, session, subscription } = t.context;
+  const { db, session, subscription } = t.context;

  // 1) Seed a prompt that has optionalModels and proModels in config
  const promptName = 'resolve-model-test';
-  await prompt.set(
-    promptName,
-    'gemini-2.5-flash',
-    [{ role: 'system', content: 'test' }],
-    { proModels: ['gemini-2.5-pro', 'claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929'] },
-    {
+  await db.aiPrompt.create({
+    data: {
+      name: promptName,
+      model: 'gemini-2.5-flash',
+      messages: {
+        create: [{ idx: 0, role: 'system', content: 'test' }],
+      },
+      config: { proModels: ['gemini-2.5-pro', 'claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929'] },
      optionalModels: [
        'gemini-2.5-flash',
        'gemini-2.5-pro',
        'claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929',
      ],
-    }
-  );
+    },
+  });

  // 2) Create a chat session with this prompt
  const sessionId = await session.create({
@@ -2139,16 +2106,6 @@ test('should resolve model correctly based on subscription status and prompt con
    const model1 = await s.resolveModel(false, 'gemini-2.5-pro');
    t.snapshot(model1, 'should honor requested pro model');

-    const model1WithPrefix = await s.resolveModel(
-      false,
-      'openai-default/gemini-2.5-pro'
-    );
-    t.is(
-      model1WithPrefix,
-      'openai-default/gemini-2.5-pro',
-      'should honor requested prefixed pro model'
-    );
-
    const model2 = await s.resolveModel(false, 'not-in-optional');
    t.snapshot(model2, 'should fallback to default model');
  }
@@ -2162,16 +2119,6 @@ test('should resolve model correctly based on subscription status and prompt con
      'should fallback to default model when requesting pro model during trialing'
    );

-    const model3WithPrefix = await s.resolveModel(
-      true,
-      'openai-default/gemini-2.5-pro'
-    );
-    t.is(
-      model3WithPrefix,
-      'gemini-2.5-flash',
-      'should fallback to default model when requesting prefixed pro model during trialing'
-    );
-
    const model4 = await s.resolveModel(true, 'gemini-2.5-flash');
    t.snapshot(model4, 'should honor requested non-pro model during trialing');

@@ -2194,16 +2141,6 @@ test('should resolve model correctly based on subscription status and prompt con
    const model7 = await s.resolveModel(true, 'claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929');
    t.snapshot(model7, 'should honor requested pro model during active');

-    const model7WithPrefix = await s.resolveModel(
-      true,
-      'openai-default/claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929'
-    );
-    t.is(
-      model7WithPrefix,
-      'openai-default/claude-sonnet-4-5@20250929',
-      'should honor requested prefixed pro model during active'
-    );
-
    const model8 = await s.resolveModel(true, 'not-in-optional');
    t.snapshot(
      model8,
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
-import type { NativeLlmRequest, NativeLlmStreamEvent } from '../../native';
-import {
-  buildNativeRequest,
-  NativeProviderAdapter,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/native';
-
-const mockDispatch = () =>
-  (async function* (): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-    yield { type: 'text_delta', text: 'Use [^1] now' };
-    yield { type: 'citation', index: 1, url: 'https://affine.pro' };
-    yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'stop' };
-  })();
-
-test('NativeProviderAdapter streamText should append citation footnotes', async t => {
-  const adapter = new NativeProviderAdapter(mockDispatch, {}, 3);
-  const chunks: string[] = [];
-  for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'hi' }] }],
-  })) {
-    chunks.push(chunk);
-  }
-
-  const text = chunks.join('');
-  t.true(text.includes('Use [^1] now'));
-  t.true(
-    text.includes('[^1]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Faffine.pro"}')
-  );
-});
-
-test('NativeProviderAdapter streamObject should append citation footnotes', async t => {
-  const adapter = new NativeProviderAdapter(mockDispatch, {}, 3);
-  const chunks = [];
-  for await (const chunk of adapter.streamObject({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'hi' }] }],
-  })) {
-    chunks.push(chunk);
-  }
-
-  t.deepEqual(
-    chunks.map(chunk => chunk.type),
-    ['text-delta', 'text-delta']
-  );
-  const text = chunks
-    .filter(chunk => chunk.type === 'text-delta')
-    .map(chunk => chunk.textDelta)
-    .join('');
-  t.true(text.includes('Use [^1] now'));
-  t.true(
-    text.includes('[^1]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Faffine.pro"}')
-  );
-});
-
-test('NativeProviderAdapter streamObject should append fallback attachment footnotes', async t => {
-  const dispatch = () =>
-    (async function* (): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-      yield {
-        type: 'tool_result',
-        call_id: 'call_1',
-        name: 'blob_read',
-        arguments: { blob_id: 'blob_1' },
-        output: {
-          blobId: 'blob_1',
-          fileName: 'a.txt',
-          fileType: 'text/plain',
-          content: 'A',
-        },
-      };
-      yield {
-        type: 'tool_result',
-        call_id: 'call_2',
-        name: 'blob_read',
-        arguments: { blob_id: 'blob_2' },
-        output: {
-          blobId: 'blob_2',
-          fileName: 'b.txt',
-          fileType: 'text/plain',
-          content: 'B',
-        },
-      };
-      yield { type: 'text_delta', text: 'Answer from files.' };
-      yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'stop' };
-    })();
-
-  const adapter = new NativeProviderAdapter(dispatch, {}, 3);
-  const chunks = [];
-  for await (const chunk of adapter.streamObject({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'hi' }] }],
-  })) {
-    chunks.push(chunk);
-  }
-
-  const text = chunks
-    .filter(chunk => chunk.type === 'text-delta')
-    .map(chunk => chunk.textDelta)
-    .join('');
-  t.true(text.includes('Answer from files.'));
-  t.true(text.includes('[^1][^2]'));
-  t.true(
-    text.includes(
-      '[^1]: {"type":"attachment","blobId":"blob_1","fileName":"a.txt","fileType":"text/plain"}'
-    )
-  );
-  t.true(
-    text.includes(
-      '[^2]: {"type":"attachment","blobId":"blob_2","fileName":"b.txt","fileType":"text/plain"}'
-    )
-  );
-});
-
-test('NativeProviderAdapter streamObject should map tool and text events', async t => {
-  let round = 0;
-  const dispatch = (_request: NativeLlmRequest) =>
-    (async function* (): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-      round += 1;
-      if (round === 1) {
-        yield {
-          type: 'tool_call',
-          call_id: 'call_1',
-          name: 'doc_read',
-          arguments: { doc_id: 'a1' },
-        };
-        yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'tool_calls' };
-        return;
-      }
-      yield { type: 'text_delta', text: 'ok' };
-      yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'stop' };
-    })();
-
-  const adapter = new NativeProviderAdapter(
-    dispatch,
-    {
-      doc_read: {
-        inputSchema: z.object({ doc_id: z.string() }),
-        execute: async () => ({ markdown: '# a1' }),
-      },
-    },
-    4
-  );
-
-  const events = [];
-  for await (const event of adapter.streamObject({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'read' }] }],
-  })) {
-    events.push(event);
-  }
-
-  t.deepEqual(
-    events.map(event => event.type),
-    ['tool-call', 'tool-result', 'text-delta']
-  );
-  t.deepEqual(events[0], {
-    type: 'tool-call',
-    toolCallId: 'call_1',
-    toolName: 'doc_read',
-    args: { doc_id: 'a1' },
-  });
-});
-
-test('buildNativeRequest should include rust middleware from profile', async t => {
-  const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: 'hello' }],
-    tools: {},
-    middleware: {
-      rust: {
-        request: ['normalize_messages', 'clamp_max_tokens'],
-        stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-      },
-      node: {
-        text: ['callout'],
-      },
-    },
-  });
-
-  t.deepEqual(request.middleware, {
-    request: ['normalize_messages', 'clamp_max_tokens'],
-    stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-  });
-});
-
-test('NativeProviderAdapter streamText should skip citation footnotes when disabled', async t => {
-  const adapter = new NativeProviderAdapter(mockDispatch, {}, 3, {
-    nodeTextMiddleware: ['callout'],
-  });
-  const chunks: string[] = [];
-  for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'hi' }] }],
-  })) {
-    chunks.push(chunk);
-  }
-
-  const text = chunks.join('');
-  t.true(text.includes('Use [^1] now'));
-  t.false(
-    text.includes('[^1]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Faffine.pro"}')
-  );
-});
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-
-import { resolveProviderMiddleware } from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/provider-middleware';
-import { buildProviderRegistry } from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/provider-registry';
-import { CopilotProviderType } from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/types';
-
-test('resolveProviderMiddleware should include anthropic defaults', t => {
-  const middleware = resolveProviderMiddleware(CopilotProviderType.Anthropic);
-
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.rust?.request, [
-    'normalize_messages',
-    'tool_schema_rewrite',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.rust?.stream, [
-    'stream_event_normalize',
-    'citation_indexing',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.node?.text, ['citation_footnote', 'callout']);
-});
-
-test('resolveProviderMiddleware should merge defaults and overrides', t => {
-  const middleware = resolveProviderMiddleware(CopilotProviderType.OpenAI, {
-    rust: { request: ['clamp_max_tokens'] },
-    node: { text: ['thinking_format'] },
-  });
-
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.rust?.request, [
-    'normalize_messages',
-    'clamp_max_tokens',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.node?.text, [
-    'citation_footnote',
-    'callout',
-    'thinking_format',
-  ]);
-});
-
-test('buildProviderRegistry should normalize profile middleware defaults', t => {
-  const registry = buildProviderRegistry({
-    profiles: [
-      {
-        id: 'openai-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-        config: { apiKey: '1' },
-      },
-    ],
-  });
-
-  const profile = registry.profiles.get('openai-main');
-  t.truthy(profile);
-  t.deepEqual(profile?.middleware.rust?.stream, [
-    'stream_event_normalize',
-    'citation_indexing',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(profile?.middleware.node?.text, ['citation_footnote', 'callout']);
-});
@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-
-import { ProviderMiddlewareConfig } from '../../plugins/copilot/config';
-import { CopilotProvider } from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/provider';
-import {
-  CopilotProviderType,
-  ModelInputType,
-  ModelOutputType,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/types';
-
-class TestOpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<{ apiKey: string }> {
-  readonly type = CopilotProviderType.OpenAI;
-  readonly models = [
-    {
-      id: 'gpt-4.1',
-      capabilities: [
-        {
-          input: [ModelInputType.Text],
-          output: [ModelOutputType.Text],
-          defaultForOutputType: true,
-        },
-      ],
-    },
-  ];
-
-  configured() {
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  async text(_cond: any, _messages: any[], _options?: any) {
-    return '';
-  }
-
-  async *streamText(_cond: any, _messages: any[], _options?: any) {
-    yield '';
-  }
-
-  exposeMetricLabels() {
-    return this.metricLabels('gpt-4.1');
-  }
-
-  exposeMiddleware() {
-    return this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-  }
-}
-
-function createProvider(profileMiddleware?: ProviderMiddlewareConfig) {
-  const provider = new TestOpenAIProvider();
-  (provider as any).AFFiNEConfig = {
-    copilot: {
-      providers: {
-        profiles: [
-          {
-            id: 'openai-main',
-            type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-            config: { apiKey: 'test' },
-            middleware: profileMiddleware,
-          },
-        ],
-        defaults: {},
-        openai: { apiKey: 'legacy' },
-      },
-    },
-  };
-  return provider;
-}
-
-test('metricLabels should include active provider id', t => {
-  const provider = createProvider();
-  const labels = provider.runWithProfile('openai-main', () =>
-    provider.exposeMetricLabels()
-  );
-  t.is(labels.providerId, 'openai-main');
-});
-
-test('getActiveProviderMiddleware should merge defaults with profile override', t => {
-  const provider = createProvider({
-    rust: { request: ['clamp_max_tokens'] },
-    node: { text: ['thinking_format'] },
-  });
-
-  const middleware = provider.runWithProfile('openai-main', () =>
-    provider.exposeMiddleware()
-  );
-
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.rust?.request, [
-    'normalize_messages',
-    'clamp_max_tokens',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.rust?.stream, [
-    'stream_event_normalize',
-    'citation_indexing',
-  ]);
-  t.deepEqual(middleware.node?.text, [
-    'citation_footnote',
-    'callout',
-    'thinking_format',
-  ]);
-});
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-
-import {
-  buildProviderRegistry,
-  resolveModel,
-  stripProviderPrefix,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/provider-registry';
-import {
-  CopilotProviderType,
-  ModelOutputType,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/types';
-
-test('buildProviderRegistry should keep explicit profile over legacy compatibility profile', t => {
-  const registry = buildProviderRegistry({
-    profiles: [
-      {
-        id: 'openai-default',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-        priority: 100,
-        config: { apiKey: 'new' },
-      },
-    ],
-    openai: { apiKey: 'legacy' },
-  });
-
-  const profile = registry.profiles.get('openai-default');
-  t.truthy(profile);
-  t.deepEqual(profile?.config, { apiKey: 'new' });
-});
-
-test('buildProviderRegistry should reject duplicated profile ids', t => {
-  const error = t.throws(() =>
-    buildProviderRegistry({
-      profiles: [
-        {
-          id: 'openai-main',
-          type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-          config: { apiKey: '1' },
-        },
-        {
-          id: 'openai-main',
-          type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-          config: { apiKey: '2' },
-        },
-      ],
-    })
-  ) as Error;
-
-  t.truthy(error);
-  t.regex(error.message, /Duplicated copilot provider profile id/);
-});
-
-test('buildProviderRegistry should reject defaults that reference unknown providers', t => {
-  const error = t.throws(() =>
-    buildProviderRegistry({
-      profiles: [
-        {
-          id: 'openai-main',
-          type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-          config: { apiKey: '1' },
-        },
-      ],
-      defaults: {
-        fallback: 'unknown-provider',
-      },
-    })
-  ) as Error;
-
-  t.truthy(error);
-  t.regex(error.message, /defaults references unknown providerId/);
-});
-
-test('resolveModel should support explicit provider prefix and keep slash models untouched', t => {
-  const registry = buildProviderRegistry({
-    profiles: [
-      {
-        id: 'openai-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-        config: { apiKey: '1' },
-      },
-      {
-        id: 'fal-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.FAL,
-        config: { apiKey: '2' },
-      },
-    ],
-  });
-
-  const prefixed = resolveModel({
-    registry,
-    modelId: 'openai-main/gpt-4.1',
-  });
-  t.deepEqual(prefixed, {
-    rawModelId: 'openai-main/gpt-4.1',
-    modelId: 'gpt-4.1',
-    explicitProviderId: 'openai-main',
-    candidateProviderIds: ['openai-main'],
-  });
-
-  const slashModel = resolveModel({
-    registry,
-    modelId: 'lora/image-to-image',
-  });
-  t.is(slashModel.modelId, 'lora/image-to-image');
-  t.false(slashModel.candidateProviderIds.includes('lora'));
-});
-
-test('resolveModel should follow defaults -> fallback -> order and apply filters', t => {
-  const registry = buildProviderRegistry({
-    profiles: [
-      {
-        id: 'openai-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-        priority: 10,
-        config: { apiKey: '1' },
-      },
-      {
-        id: 'anthropic-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.Anthropic,
-        priority: 5,
-        config: { apiKey: '2' },
-      },
-      {
-        id: 'fal-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.FAL,
-        priority: 1,
-        config: { apiKey: '3' },
-      },
-    ],
-    defaults: {
-      [ModelOutputType.Text]: 'anthropic-main',
-      fallback: 'openai-main',
-    },
-  });
-
-  const routed = resolveModel({
-    registry,
-    outputType: ModelOutputType.Text,
-    preferredProviderIds: ['openai-main', 'fal-main'],
-  });
-
-  t.deepEqual(routed.candidateProviderIds, ['openai-main', 'fal-main']);
-});
-
-test('stripProviderPrefix should only strip matched provider prefix', t => {
-  const registry = buildProviderRegistry({
-    profiles: [
-      {
-        id: 'openai-main',
-        type: CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-        config: { apiKey: '1' },
-      },
-    ],
-  });
-
-  t.is(
-    stripProviderPrefix(registry, 'openai-main', 'openai-main/gpt-4.1'),
-    'gpt-4.1'
-  );
-  t.is(
-    stripProviderPrefix(registry, 'openai-main', 'another-main/gpt-4.1'),
-    'another-main/gpt-4.1'
-  );
-  t.is(stripProviderPrefix(registry, 'openai-main', 'gpt-4.1'), 'gpt-4.1');
-});
@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
-import { NativeLlmRequest, NativeLlmStreamEvent } from '../../native';
-import {
-  ToolCallAccumulator,
-  ToolCallLoop,
-  ToolSchemaExtractor,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/loop';
-
-test('ToolCallAccumulator should merge deltas and complete tool call', t => {
-  const accumulator = new ToolCallAccumulator();
-
-  accumulator.feedDelta({
-    type: 'tool_call_delta',
-    call_id: 'call_1',
-    name: 'doc_read',
-    arguments_delta: '{"doc_id":"',
-  });
-  accumulator.feedDelta({
-    type: 'tool_call_delta',
-    call_id: 'call_1',
-    arguments_delta: 'a1"}',
-  });
-
-  const completed = accumulator.complete({
-    type: 'tool_call',
-    call_id: 'call_1',
-    name: 'doc_read',
-    arguments: { doc_id: 'a1' },
-  });
-
-  t.deepEqual(completed, {
-    id: 'call_1',
-    name: 'doc_read',
-    args: { doc_id: 'a1' },
-    thought: undefined,
-  });
-});
-
-test('ToolSchemaExtractor should convert zod schema to json schema', t => {
-  const toolSet = {
-    doc_read: {
-      description: 'Read doc',
-      inputSchema: z.object({
-        doc_id: z.string(),
-        limit: z.number().optional(),
-      }),
-      execute: async () => ({}),
-    },
-  };
-
-  const extracted = ToolSchemaExtractor.extract(toolSet);
-
-  t.deepEqual(extracted, [
-    {
-      name: 'doc_read',
-      description: 'Read doc',
-      parameters: {
-        type: 'object',
-        properties: {
-          doc_id: { type: 'string' },
-          limit: { type: 'number' },
-        },
-        additionalProperties: false,
-        required: ['doc_id'],
-      },
-    },
-  ]);
-});
-
-test('ToolCallLoop should execute tool call and continue to next round', async t => {
-  const dispatchRequests: NativeLlmRequest[] = [];
-
-  const dispatch = (request: NativeLlmRequest) => {
-    dispatchRequests.push(request);
-    const round = dispatchRequests.length;
-
-    return (async function* (): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-      if (round === 1) {
-        yield {
-          type: 'tool_call_delta',
-          call_id: 'call_1',
-          name: 'doc_read',
-          arguments_delta: '{"doc_id":"a1"}',
-        };
-        yield {
-          type: 'tool_call',
-          call_id: 'call_1',
-          name: 'doc_read',
-          arguments: { doc_id: 'a1' },
-        };
-        yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'tool_calls' };
-        return;
-      }
-
-      yield { type: 'text_delta', text: 'done' };
-      yield { type: 'done', finish_reason: 'stop' };
-    })();
-  };
-
-  let executedArgs: Record<string, unknown> | null = null;
-  const loop = new ToolCallLoop(
-    dispatch,
-    {
-      doc_read: {
-        inputSchema: z.object({ doc_id: z.string() }),
-        execute: async args => {
-          executedArgs = args;
-          return { markdown: '# doc' };
-        },
-      },
-    },
-    4
-  );
-
-  const events: NativeLlmStreamEvent[] = [];
-  for await (const event of loop.run({
-    model: 'gpt-4.1',
-    stream: true,
-    messages: [{ role: 'user', content: [{ type: 'text', text: 'read doc' }] }],
-  })) {
-    events.push(event);
-  }
-
-  t.deepEqual(executedArgs, { doc_id: 'a1' });
-  t.true(
-    dispatchRequests[1]?.messages.some(message => message.role === 'tool')
-  );
-  t.deepEqual(
-    events.map(event => event.type),
-    ['tool_call', 'tool_result', 'text_delta', 'done']
-  );
-});
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
-import {
-  chatToGPTMessage,
-  CitationFootnoteFormatter,
-  CitationParser,
-  StreamPatternParser,
-} from '../../plugins/copilot/providers/utils';
-
-test('CitationFootnoteFormatter should format sorted footnotes from citation events', t => {
-  const formatter = new CitationFootnoteFormatter();
-
-  formatter.consume({
-    type: 'citation',
-    index: 2,
-    url: 'https://example.com/b',
-  });
-  formatter.consume({
-    type: 'citation',
-    index: 1,
-    url: 'https://example.com/a',
-  });
-
-  t.is(
-    formatter.end(),
-    [
-      '[^1]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fa"}',
-      '[^2]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fb"}',
-    ].join('\n')
-  );
-});
-
-test('CitationFootnoteFormatter should overwrite duplicated index with latest url', t => {
-  const formatter = new CitationFootnoteFormatter();
-
-  formatter.consume({
-    type: 'citation',
-    index: 1,
-    url: 'https://example.com/old',
-  });
-  formatter.consume({
-    type: 'citation',
-    index: 1,
-    url: 'https://example.com/new',
-  });
-
-  t.is(
-    formatter.end(),
-    '[^1]: {"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fnew"}'
-  );
-});
-
-test('StreamPatternParser should keep state across chunks', t => {
-  const parser = new StreamPatternParser(pattern => {
-    if (pattern.kind === 'wrappedLink') {
-      return `[^${pattern.url}]`;
-    }
-    if (pattern.kind === 'index') {
-      return `[#${pattern.value}]`;
-    }
-    return `[${pattern.text}](${pattern.url})`;
-  });
-
-  const first = parser.write('ref ([AFFiNE](https://affine.pro');
-  const second = parser.write(')) and [2]');
-
-  t.is(first, 'ref ');
-  t.is(second, '[^https://affine.pro] and [#2]');
-  t.is(parser.end(), '');
-});
-
-test('CitationParser should convert wrapped links to numbered footnotes', t => {
-  const parser = new CitationParser();
-
-  const output = parser.parse('Use ([AFFiNE](https://affine.pro)) now');
-  t.is(output, 'Use [^1] now');
-  t.regex(
-    parser.end(),
-    /\[\^1\]: \{"type":"url","url":"https%3A%2F%2Faffine.pro"\}/
-  );
-});
-
-test('chatToGPTMessage should not mutate input and should keep system schema', async t => {
-  const schema = z.object({
-    query: z.string(),
-  });
-  const messages = [
-    {
-      role: 'system' as const,
-      content: 'You are helper',
-      params: { schema },
-    },
-    {
-      role: 'user' as const,
-      content: '',
-      attachments: ['https://example.com/a.png'],
-    },
-  ];
-  const firstRef = messages[0];
-  const secondRef = messages[1];
-  const [system, normalized, parsedSchema] = await chatToGPTMessage(
-    messages,
-    false
-  );
-
-  t.is(system, 'You are helper');
-  t.is(parsedSchema, schema);
-  t.is(messages.length, 2);
-  t.is(messages[0], firstRef);
-  t.is(messages[1], secondRef);
-  t.deepEqual(normalized[0], {
-    role: 'user',
-    content: [{ type: 'text', text: '[no content]' }],
-  });
-});
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ export class MockEventBus {

  emit = this.stub.emitAsync;
  emitAsync = this.stub.emitAsync;
-  emitDetached = this.stub.emitAsync;
  broadcast = this.stub.broadcast;

  last<Event extends EventName>(
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-import test from 'ava';
-
-import { NativeStreamAdapter } from '../native';
-
-test('NativeStreamAdapter should support buffered and awaited consumption', async t => {
-  const adapter = new NativeStreamAdapter<number>(undefined);
-
-  adapter.push(1);
-  const first = await adapter.next();
-  t.deepEqual(first, { value: 1, done: false });
-
-  const pending = adapter.next();
-  adapter.push(2);
-  const second = await pending;
-  t.deepEqual(second, { value: 2, done: false });
-
-  adapter.push(null);
-  const done = await adapter.next();
-  t.true(done.done);
-});
-
-test('NativeStreamAdapter return should abort handle and end iteration', async t => {
-  let abortCount = 0;
-  const adapter = new NativeStreamAdapter<number>({
-    abort: () => {
-      abortCount += 1;
-    },
-  });
-
-  const ended = await adapter.return();
-  t.is(abortCount, 1);
-  t.true(ended.done);
-
-  const secondReturn = await adapter.return();
-  t.true(secondReturn.done);
-  t.is(abortCount, 1);
-
-  const next = await adapter.next();
-  t.true(next.done);
-});
-
-test('NativeStreamAdapter should abort when AbortSignal is triggered', async t => {
-  let abortCount = 0;
-  const controller = new AbortController();
-  const adapter = new NativeStreamAdapter<number>(
-    {
-      abort: () => {
-        abortCount += 1;
-      },
-    },
-    controller.signal
-  );
-
-  const pending = adapter.next();
-  controller.abort();
-  const done = await pending;
-  t.true(done.done);
-  t.is(abortCount, 1);
-});
-
-test('NativeStreamAdapter should end immediately for pre-aborted signal', async t => {
-  let abortCount = 0;
-  const controller = new AbortController();
-  controller.abort();
-
-  const adapter = new NativeStreamAdapter<number>(
-    {
-      abort: () => {
-        abortCount += 1;
-      },
-    },
-    controller.signal
-  );
-
-  const next = await adapter.next();
-  t.true(next.done);
-  t.is(abortCount, 1);
-
-  adapter.push(1);
-  const stillDone = await adapter.next();
-  t.true(stillDone.done);
-});
@@ -629,35 +629,14 @@ export async function chatWithText(
  prefix = '',
  retry?: boolean
 ): Promise<string> {
-  const endpoint = prefix || '/stream';
  const query = messageId
    ? `?messageId=${messageId}` + (retry ? '&retry=true' : '')
    : '';
  const res = await app
-    .GET(`/api/copilot/chat/${sessionId}${endpoint}${query}`)
+    .GET(`/api/copilot/chat/${sessionId}${prefix}${query}`)
    .expect(200);

-  if (prefix) {
-    return res.text;
-  }
-
-  const events = sse2array(res.text);
-  const errorEvent = events.find(event => event.event === 'error');
-  if (errorEvent?.data) {
-    let message = errorEvent.data;
-    try {
-      const parsed = JSON.parse(errorEvent.data);
-      message = parsed.message || message;
-    } catch {
-      // noop: keep raw error data
-    }
-    throw new Error(message);
-  }
-
-  return events
-    .filter(event => event.event === 'message')
-    .map(event => event.data ?? '')
-    .join('');
+  return res.text;
 }

 export async function chatWithTextStream(
@@ -38,11 +38,8 @@ test.before(async t => {
  t.context.app = app;
 });

-test.afterEach.always(() => {
-  Sinon.restore();
-});
-
 test.after.always(async t => {
+  Sinon.restore();
  __resetDnsLookupForTests();
  await t.context.app.close();
 });
@@ -83,7 +80,6 @@ const assertAndSnapshotRaw = async (

 test('should proxy image', async t => {
  const assertAndSnapshot = assertAndSnapshotRaw.bind(null, t);
-  const imageUrl = `http://example.com/image-${Date.now()}.png`;

  await assertAndSnapshot(
    '/api/worker/image-proxy',
@@ -109,7 +105,7 @@ test('should proxy image', async t => {

  {
    await assertAndSnapshot(
-      `/api/worker/image-proxy?url=${imageUrl}`,
+      '/api/worker/image-proxy?url=http://example.com/image.png',
      'should return 400 if origin and referer are missing',
      { status: 400, origin: null, referer: null }
    );
@@ -117,17 +113,14 @@ test('should proxy image', async t => {

  {
    await assertAndSnapshot(
-      `/api/worker/image-proxy?url=${imageUrl}`,
+      '/api/worker/image-proxy?url=http://example.com/image.png',
      'should return 400 for invalid origin header',
      { status: 400, origin: 'http://invalid.com' }
    );
  }

  {
-    const fakeBuffer = Buffer.from(
-      'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mP8/x8AAwMCAO+jfJ8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=',
-      'base64'
-    );
+    const fakeBuffer = Buffer.from('fake image');
    const fakeResponse = new Response(fakeBuffer, {
      status: 200,
      headers: {
@@ -137,14 +130,13 @@ test('should proxy image', async t => {
    });

    const fetchSpy = Sinon.stub(global, 'fetch').resolves(fakeResponse);
-    try {
-      await assertAndSnapshot(
-        `/api/worker/image-proxy?url=${imageUrl}`,
-        'should return image buffer'
-      );
-    } finally {
-      fetchSpy.restore();
-    }
+
+    await assertAndSnapshot(
+      '/api/worker/image-proxy?url=http://example.com/image.png',
+      'should return image buffer'
+    );
+
+    fetchSpy.restore();
  }
 });

@@ -208,19 +200,18 @@ test('should preview link', async t => {
    });

    const fetchSpy = Sinon.stub(global, 'fetch').resolves(fakeHTML);
-    try {
-      await assertAndSnapshot(
-        '/api/worker/link-preview',
-        'should process a valid external URL and return link preview data',
-        {
-          status: 200,
-          method: 'POST',
-          body: { url: 'http://external.com/page' },
-        }
-      );
-    } finally {
-      fetchSpy.restore();
-    }
+
+    await assertAndSnapshot(
+      '/api/worker/link-preview',
+      'should process a valid external URL and return link preview data',
+      {
+        status: 200,
+        method: 'POST',
+        body: { url: 'http://external.com/page' },
+      }
+    );
+
+    fetchSpy.restore();
  }

  {
@@ -260,19 +251,18 @@ test('should preview link', async t => {
      });

      const fetchSpy = Sinon.stub(global, 'fetch').resolves(fakeHTML);
-      try {
-        await assertAndSnapshot(
-          '/api/worker/link-preview',
-          'should decode HTML content with charset',
-          {
-            status: 200,
-            method: 'POST',
-            body: { url: `http://example.com/${charset}` },
-          }
-        );
-      } finally {
-        fetchSpy.restore();
-      }
+
+      await assertAndSnapshot(
+        '/api/worker/link-preview',
+        'should decode HTML content with charset',
+        {
+          status: 200,
+          method: 'POST',
+          body: { url: `http://example.com/${charset}` },
+        }
+      );
+
+      fetchSpy.restore();
    }
  }
 });
@@ -88,21 +88,12 @@ export class EventBus
  emit<T extends EventName>(event: T, payload: Events[T]) {
    this.logger.debug(`Dispatch event: ${event}`);

-    this.dispatchAsync(event, payload);
-
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Emit event in detached cls context to avoid inheriting current transaction.
-   */
-  emitDetached<T extends EventName>(event: T, payload: Events[T]) {
-    this.logger.debug(`Dispatch event: ${event} (detached)`);
-
-    const requestId = this.cls.getId();
-    this.cls.run({ ifNested: 'override' }, () => {
-      this.cls.set(CLS_ID, requestId ?? genRequestId('event'));
-      this.dispatchAsync(event, payload);
+    // NOTE(@forehalo):
+    //   Because all event handlers are wrapped in promisified metrics and cls context, they will always run in standalone tick.
+    //   In which way, if handler throws, an unhandled rejection will be triggered and end up with process exiting.
+    //   So we catch it here with `emitAsync`
+    this.emitter.emitAsync(event, payload).catch(e => {
+      this.emitter.emit('error', { event, payload, error: e });
    });

    return true;
@@ -175,16 +166,6 @@ export class EventBus
    return this.emitter.waitFor(name, timeout);
  }

-  private dispatchAsync<T extends EventName>(event: T, payload: Events[T]) {
-    // NOTE:
-    //   Because all event handlers are wrapped in promisified metrics and cls context, they will always run in standalone tick.
-    //   In which way, if handler throws, an unhandled rejection will be triggered and end up with process exiting.
-    //   So we catch it here with `emitAsync`
-    this.emitter.emitAsync(event, payload).catch(e => {
-      this.emitter.emit('error', { event, payload, error: e });
-    });
-  }
-
  private readonly bindEventHandlers = once(() => {
    this.scanner.scan().forEach(({ event, handler, opts }) => {
      this.on(event, handler, opts);
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ test('should update doc content to database when doc is updated', async t => {

  const docId = randomUUID();
  await adapter.pushDocUpdates(workspace.id, docId, updates);
-  await adapter.getDocBinNative(workspace.id, docId);
+  await adapter.getDoc(workspace.id, docId);

  mock.method(docReader, 'parseDocContent', () => {
    return {
@@ -181,22 +181,3 @@ test('should ignore update workspace content to database when parse workspace co
  t.is(content!.name, null);
  t.is(content!.avatarKey, null);
 });
-
-test('should ignore stale workspace when updating doc meta from snapshot event', async t => {
-  const { docReader, listener, models } = t.context;
-  const docId = randomUUID();
-  mock.method(docReader, 'parseDocContent', () => ({
-    title: 'test title',
-    summary: 'test summary',
-  }));
-
-  await models.workspace.delete(workspace.id);
-
-  await t.notThrowsAsync(async () => {
-    await listener.markDocContentCacheStale({
-      workspaceId: workspace.id,
-      docId,
-      blob: Buffer.from([0x01]),
-    });
-  });
-});
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ export class PgWorkspaceDocStorageAdapter extends DocStorageAdapter {
      });

      if (isNewDoc) {
-        this.event.emitDetached('doc.created', {
+        this.event.emit('doc.created', {
          workspaceId,
          docId,
          editor: editorId,
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ export class PgWorkspaceDocStorageAdapter extends DocStorageAdapter {
      });

      if (updatedSnapshot) {
-        this.event.emitDetached('doc.snapshot.updated', {
+        this.event.emit('doc.snapshot.updated', {
          workspaceId: snapshot.spaceId,
          docId: snapshot.docId,
          blob,
@@ -1,29 +1,12 @@
-import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { Prisma } from '@prisma/client';
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

 import { OnEvent } from '../../base';
 import { Models } from '../../models';
 import { PgWorkspaceDocStorageAdapter } from './adapters/workspace';
 import { DocReader } from './reader';

-const IGNORED_PRISMA_CODES = new Set(['P2003', 'P2025', 'P2028']);
-
-function isIgnorableDocEventError(error: unknown) {
-  if (error instanceof Prisma.PrismaClientKnownRequestError) {
-    return IGNORED_PRISMA_CODES.has(error.code);
-  }
-  if (error instanceof Prisma.PrismaClientUnknownRequestError) {
-    return /transaction is aborted|transaction already closed/i.test(
-      error.message
-    );
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
@Injectable()
 export class DocEventsListener {
-  private readonly logger = new Logger(DocEventsListener.name);
-
  constructor(
    private readonly docReader: DocReader,
    private readonly models: Models,
@@ -37,39 +20,21 @@ export class DocEventsListener {
    blob,
  }: Events['doc.snapshot.updated']) {
    await this.docReader.markDocContentCacheStale(workspaceId, docId);
-    const workspace = await this.models.workspace.get(workspaceId);
-    if (!workspace) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip stale doc snapshot event for missing workspace ${workspaceId}/${docId}`
-      );
-      return;
-    }
    const isDoc = workspaceId !== docId;
    // update doc content to database
-    try {
-      if (isDoc) {
-        const content = this.docReader.parseDocContent(blob);
-        if (!content) {
-          return;
-        }
-        await this.models.doc.upsertMeta(workspaceId, docId, content);
-      } else {
-        // update workspace content to database
-        const content = this.docReader.parseWorkspaceContent(blob);
-        if (!content) {
-          return;
-        }
-        await this.models.workspace.update(workspaceId, content);
-      }
-    } catch (error) {
-      if (isIgnorableDocEventError(error)) {
-        const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Ignore stale doc snapshot event for ${workspaceId}/${docId}: ${message}`
-        );
+    if (isDoc) {
+      const content = this.docReader.parseDocContent(blob);
+      if (!content) {
        return;
      }
-      throw error;
+      await this.models.doc.upsertMeta(workspaceId, docId, content);
+    } else {
+      // update workspace content to database
+      const content = this.docReader.parseWorkspaceContent(blob);
+      if (!content) {
+        return;
+      }
+      await this.models.workspace.update(workspaceId, content);
    }
  }

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
-
-import ava, { TestFn } from 'ava';
-
-import {
-  createTestingModule,
-  type TestingModule,
-} from '../../../__tests__/utils';
-import { DocRole, Models, User, Workspace } from '../../../models';
-import { EventsListener } from '../event';
-import { PermissionModule } from '../index';
-
-interface Context {
-  module: TestingModule;
-  models: Models;
-  listener: EventsListener;
-}
-
-const test = ava as TestFn<Context>;
-
-let owner: User;
-let workspace: Workspace;
-
-test.before(async t => {
-  const module = await createTestingModule({ imports: [PermissionModule] });
-  t.context.module = module;
-  t.context.models = module.get(Models);
-  t.context.listener = module.get(EventsListener);
-});
-
-test.beforeEach(async t => {
-  await t.context.module.initTestingDB();
-  owner = await t.context.models.user.create({
-    email: `${randomUUID()}@affine.pro`,
-  });
-  workspace = await t.context.models.workspace.create(owner.id);
-});
-
-test.after.always(async t => {
-  await t.context.module.close();
-});
-
-test('should ignore default owner event when workspace does not exist', async t => {
-  await t.notThrowsAsync(async () => {
-    await t.context.listener.setDefaultPageOwner({
-      workspaceId: randomUUID(),
-      docId: randomUUID(),
-      editor: owner.id,
-    });
-  });
-});
-
-test('should ignore default owner event when editor does not exist', async t => {
-  await t.notThrowsAsync(async () => {
-    await t.context.listener.setDefaultPageOwner({
-      workspaceId: workspace.id,
-      docId: randomUUID(),
-      editor: randomUUID(),
-    });
-  });
-});
-
-test('should set owner when workspace and editor exist', async t => {
-  const docId = randomUUID();
-  await t.context.listener.setDefaultPageOwner({
-    workspaceId: workspace.id,
-    docId,
-    editor: owner.id,
-  });
-
-  const role = await t.context.models.docUser.get(
-    workspace.id,
-    docId,
-    owner.id
-  );
-  t.is(role?.type, DocRole.Owner);
-});
@@ -1,27 +1,10 @@
-import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { Prisma } from '@prisma/client';
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

 import { OnEvent } from '../../base';
 import { Models } from '../../models';

-const IGNORED_PRISMA_CODES = new Set(['P2003', 'P2025', 'P2028']);
-
-function isIgnorablePermissionEventError(error: unknown) {
-  if (error instanceof Prisma.PrismaClientKnownRequestError) {
-    return IGNORED_PRISMA_CODES.has(error.code);
-  }
-  if (error instanceof Prisma.PrismaClientUnknownRequestError) {
-    return /transaction is aborted|transaction already closed/i.test(
-      error.message
-    );
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
@Injectable()
 export class EventsListener {
-  private readonly logger = new Logger(EventsListener.name);
-
  constructor(private readonly models: Models) {}

  @OnEvent('doc.created')
@@ -32,33 +15,6 @@ export class EventsListener {
      return;
    }

-    const workspace = await this.models.workspace.get(workspaceId);
-    if (!workspace) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip default doc owner event for missing workspace ${workspaceId}/${docId}`
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const user = await this.models.user.get(editor);
-    if (!user) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip default doc owner event for missing editor ${workspaceId}/${docId}/${editor}`
-      );
-      return;
-    }
-
-    try {
-      await this.models.docUser.setOwner(workspaceId, docId, editor);
-    } catch (error) {
-      if (isIgnorablePermissionEventError(error)) {
-        const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Ignore stale doc owner event for ${workspaceId}/${docId}/${editor}: ${message}`
-        );
-        return;
-      }
-      throw error;
-    }
+    await this.models.docUser.setOwner(workspaceId, docId, editor);
  }
 }
@@ -42,18 +42,8 @@ export class Ga4Client {
            timestamp_micros: event.timestampMicros,
          })),
        };
-        try {
-          await this.post(payload);
-        } catch {
-          if (env.DEPLOYMENT_TYPE === 'affine') {
-            // In production, we want to be resilient to GA4 failures, so we catch and ignore errors.
-            // In non-production environments, we rethrow to surface issues during development and testing.
-            console.info(
-              'Failed to send telemetry event to GA4:',
-              chunk.map(e => e.eventName).join(', ')
-            );
-          }
-        }
+
+        await this.post(payload);
      }
    }
  }
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import assert from 'node:assert';

 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { Transactional } from '@nestjs-cls/transactional';
-import type { TransactionalAdapterPrisma } from '@nestjs-cls/transactional-adapter-prisma';
 import { WorkspaceDocUserRole } from '@prisma/client';

 import { CanNotBatchGrantDocOwnerPermissions, PaginationInput } from '../base';
@@ -15,20 +14,31 @@ export class DocUserModel extends BaseModel {
   * Set or update the [Owner] of a doc.
   * The old [Owner] will be changed to [Manager] if there is already an [Owner].
   */
-  @Transactional<TransactionalAdapterPrisma>({ timeout: 15000 })
+  @Transactional()
  async setOwner(workspaceId: string, docId: string, userId: string) {
-    await this.db.workspaceDocUserRole.updateMany({
+    const oldOwner = await this.db.workspaceDocUserRole.findFirst({
      where: {
        workspaceId,
        docId,
        type: DocRole.Owner,
-        userId: { not: userId },
-      },
-      data: {
-        type: DocRole.Manager,
      },
    });

+    if (oldOwner) {
+      await this.db.workspaceDocUserRole.update({
+        where: {
+          workspaceId_docId_userId: {
+            workspaceId,
+            docId,
+            userId: oldOwner.userId,
+          },
+        },
+        data: {
+          type: DocRole.Manager,
+        },
+      });
+    }
+
    await this.db.workspaceDocUserRole.upsert({
      where: {
        workspaceId_docId_userId: {
@@ -47,9 +57,16 @@ export class DocUserModel extends BaseModel {
        type: DocRole.Owner,
      },
    });
-    this.logger.log(
-      `Set doc owner of [${workspaceId}/${docId}] to [${userId}]`
-    );
+
+    if (oldOwner) {
+      this.logger.log(
+        `Transfer doc owner of [${workspaceId}/${docId}] from [${oldOwner.userId}] to [${userId}]`
+      );
+    } else {
+      this.logger.log(
+        `Set doc owner of [${workspaceId}/${docId}] to [${userId}]`
+      );
+    }
  }

  /**
@@ -57,316 +57,3 @@ export const addDocToRootDoc = serverNativeModule.addDocToRootDoc;
 export const updateDocTitle = serverNativeModule.updateDocTitle;
 export const updateDocProperties = serverNativeModule.updateDocProperties;
 export const updateRootDocMetaTitle = serverNativeModule.updateRootDocMetaTitle;
-
-type NativeLlmModule = {
-  llmDispatch?: (
-    protocol: string,
-    backendConfigJson: string,
-    requestJson: string
-  ) => string | Promise<string>;
-  llmDispatchStream?: (
-    protocol: string,
-    backendConfigJson: string,
-    requestJson: string,
-    callback: (error: Error | null, eventJson: string) => void
-  ) => { abort?: () => void } | undefined;
-};
-
-const nativeLlmModule = serverNativeModule as typeof serverNativeModule &
-  NativeLlmModule;
-
-export type NativeLlmProtocol =
-  | 'openai_chat'
-  | 'openai_responses'
-  | 'anthropic';
-
-export type NativeLlmBackendConfig = {
-  base_url: string;
-  auth_token: string;
-  request_layer?: 'anthropic' | 'chat_completions' | 'responses' | 'vertex';
-  headers?: Record<string, string>;
-  no_streaming?: boolean;
-  timeout_ms?: number;
-};
-
-export type NativeLlmCoreRole = 'system' | 'user' | 'assistant' | 'tool';
-
-export type NativeLlmCoreContent =
-  | { type: 'text'; text: string }
-  | { type: 'reasoning'; text: string; signature?: string }
-  | {
-      type: 'tool_call';
-      call_id: string;
-      name: string;
-      arguments: Record<string, unknown>;
-      thought?: string;
-    }
-  | {
-      type: 'tool_result';
-      call_id: string;
-      output: unknown;
-      is_error?: boolean;
-      name?: string;
-      arguments?: Record<string, unknown>;
-    }
-  | { type: 'image'; source: Record<string, unknown> | string };
-
-export type NativeLlmCoreMessage = {
-  role: NativeLlmCoreRole;
-  content: NativeLlmCoreContent[];
-};
-
-export type NativeLlmToolDefinition = {
-  name: string;
-  description?: string;
-  parameters: Record<string, unknown>;
-};
-
-export type NativeLlmRequest = {
-  model: string;
-  messages: NativeLlmCoreMessage[];
-  stream?: boolean;
-  max_tokens?: number;
-  temperature?: number;
-  tools?: NativeLlmToolDefinition[];
-  tool_choice?: 'auto' | 'none' | 'required' | { name: string };
-  include?: string[];
-  reasoning?: Record<string, unknown>;
-  middleware?: {
-    request?: Array<
-      'normalize_messages' | 'clamp_max_tokens' | 'tool_schema_rewrite'
-    >;
-    stream?: Array<'stream_event_normalize' | 'citation_indexing'>;
-    config?: {
-      no_additional_properties?: boolean;
-      drop_property_format?: boolean;
-      drop_property_min_length?: boolean;
-      drop_array_min_items?: boolean;
-      drop_array_max_items?: boolean;
-      max_tokens_cap?: number;
-    };
-  };
-};
-
-export type NativeLlmDispatchResponse = {
-  id: string;
-  model: string;
-  message: NativeLlmCoreMessage;
-  usage: {
-    prompt_tokens: number;
-    completion_tokens: number;
-    total_tokens: number;
-    cached_tokens?: number;
-  };
-  finish_reason: string;
-  reasoning_details?: unknown;
-};
-
-export type NativeLlmStreamEvent =
-  | { type: 'message_start'; id?: string; model?: string }
-  | { type: 'text_delta'; text: string }
-  | { type: 'reasoning_delta'; text: string }
-  | {
-      type: 'tool_call_delta';
-      call_id: string;
-      name?: string;
-      arguments_delta: string;
-    }
-  | {
-      type: 'tool_call';
-      call_id: string;
-      name: string;
-      arguments: Record<string, unknown>;
-      thought?: string;
-    }
-  | {
-      type: 'tool_result';
-      call_id: string;
-      output: unknown;
-      is_error?: boolean;
-      name?: string;
-      arguments?: Record<string, unknown>;
-    }
-  | { type: 'citation'; index: number; url: string }
-  | {
-      type: 'usage';
-      usage: {
-        prompt_tokens: number;
-        completion_tokens: number;
-        total_tokens: number;
-        cached_tokens?: number;
-      };
-    }
-  | {
-      type: 'done';
-      finish_reason?: string;
-      usage?: {
-        prompt_tokens: number;
-        completion_tokens: number;
-        total_tokens: number;
-        cached_tokens?: number;
-      };
-    }
-  | { type: 'error'; message: string; code?: string; raw?: string };
-const LLM_STREAM_END_MARKER = '__AFFINE_LLM_STREAM_END__';
-
-export async function llmDispatch(
-  protocol: NativeLlmProtocol,
-  backendConfig: NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  request: NativeLlmRequest
-): Promise<NativeLlmDispatchResponse> {
-  if (!nativeLlmModule.llmDispatch) {
-    throw new Error('native llm dispatch is not available');
-  }
-  const response = nativeLlmModule.llmDispatch(
-    protocol,
-    JSON.stringify(backendConfig),
-    JSON.stringify(request)
-  );
-  const responseText = await Promise.resolve(response);
-  return JSON.parse(responseText) as NativeLlmDispatchResponse;
-}
-
-export class NativeStreamAdapter<T> implements AsyncIterableIterator<T> {
-  readonly #queue: T[] = [];
-  readonly #waiters: ((result: IteratorResult<T>) => void)[] = [];
-  readonly #handle: { abort?: () => void } | undefined;
-  readonly #signal?: AbortSignal;
-  readonly #abortListener?: () => void;
-  #ended = false;
-
-  constructor(
-    handle: { abort?: () => void } | undefined,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ) {
-    this.#handle = handle;
-    this.#signal = signal;
-
-    if (signal?.aborted) {
-      this.close(true);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (signal) {
-      this.#abortListener = () => {
-        this.close(true);
-      };
-      signal.addEventListener('abort', this.#abortListener, { once: true });
-    }
-  }
-
-  private close(abortHandle: boolean) {
-    if (this.#ended) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.#ended = true;
-    if (this.#signal && this.#abortListener) {
-      this.#signal.removeEventListener('abort', this.#abortListener);
-    }
-    if (abortHandle) {
-      this.#handle?.abort?.();
-    }
-
-    while (this.#waiters.length) {
-      const waiter = this.#waiters.shift();
-      waiter?.({ value: undefined as T, done: true });
-    }
-  }
-
-  push(value: T | null) {
-    if (this.#ended) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (value === null) {
-      this.close(false);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const waiter = this.#waiters.shift();
-    if (waiter) {
-      waiter({ value, done: false });
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.#queue.push(value);
-  }
-
-  [Symbol.asyncIterator]() {
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  async next(): Promise<IteratorResult<T>> {
-    if (this.#queue.length > 0) {
-      const value = this.#queue.shift() as T;
-      return { value, done: false };
-    }
-
-    if (this.#ended) {
-      return { value: undefined as T, done: true };
-    }
-
-    return await new Promise(resolve => {
-      this.#waiters.push(resolve);
-    });
-  }
-
-  async return(): Promise<IteratorResult<T>> {
-    this.close(true);
-
-    return { value: undefined as T, done: true };
-  }
-}
-
-export function llmDispatchStream(
-  protocol: NativeLlmProtocol,
-  backendConfig: NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  request: NativeLlmRequest,
-  signal?: AbortSignal
-): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-  if (!nativeLlmModule.llmDispatchStream) {
-    throw new Error('native llm stream dispatch is not available');
-  }
-
-  let adapter: NativeStreamAdapter<NativeLlmStreamEvent> | undefined;
-  const buffer: (NativeLlmStreamEvent | null)[] = [];
-  let pushFn = (event: NativeLlmStreamEvent | null) => {
-    buffer.push(event);
-  };
-  const handle = nativeLlmModule.llmDispatchStream(
-    protocol,
-    JSON.stringify(backendConfig),
-    JSON.stringify(request),
-    (error, eventJson) => {
-      if (error) {
-        pushFn({ type: 'error', message: error.message, raw: eventJson });
-        return;
-      }
-      if (eventJson === LLM_STREAM_END_MARKER) {
-        pushFn(null);
-        return;
-      }
-      try {
-        pushFn(JSON.parse(eventJson) as NativeLlmStreamEvent);
-      } catch (error) {
-        pushFn({
-          type: 'error',
-          message:
-            error instanceof Error
-              ? error.message
-              : 'failed to parse native stream event',
-          raw: eventJson,
-        });
-      }
-    }
-  );
-  adapter = new NativeStreamAdapter(handle, signal);
-  pushFn = event => {
-    adapter.push(event);
-  };
-  for (const event of buffer) {
-    adapter.push(event);
-  }
-  return adapter;
-}
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@ export abstract class CalendarProvider {

  protected async fetchJson<T>(url: string, init?: RequestInit) {
    const response = await fetch(url, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json', ...init?.headers },
      ...init,
-      headers: { ...init?.headers, Accept: 'application/json' },
    });
    const body = await response.text();
    if (!response.ok) {
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
 import {
  defineModuleConfig,
  StorageJSONSchema,
@@ -15,179 +13,7 @@ import { GeminiGenerativeConfig, GeminiVertexConfig } from './providers/gemini';
 import { MorphConfig } from './providers/morph';
 import { OpenAIConfig } from './providers/openai';
 import { PerplexityConfig } from './providers/perplexity';
-import {
-  CopilotProviderType,
-  ModelOutputType,
-  VertexSchema,
-} from './providers/types';
-
-export type CopilotProviderConfigMap = {
-  [CopilotProviderType.OpenAI]: OpenAIConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.FAL]: FalConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.Gemini]: GeminiGenerativeConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.GeminiVertex]: GeminiVertexConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.Perplexity]: PerplexityConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.Anthropic]: AnthropicOfficialConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.AnthropicVertex]: AnthropicVertexConfig;
-  [CopilotProviderType.Morph]: MorphConfig;
-};
-
-export type ProviderSpecificConfig =
-  CopilotProviderConfigMap[keyof CopilotProviderConfigMap];
-
-export const RustRequestMiddlewareValues = [
-  'normalize_messages',
-  'clamp_max_tokens',
-  'tool_schema_rewrite',
-] as const;
-export type RustRequestMiddleware =
-  (typeof RustRequestMiddlewareValues)[number];
-
-export const RustStreamMiddlewareValues = [
-  'stream_event_normalize',
-  'citation_indexing',
-] as const;
-export type RustStreamMiddleware = (typeof RustStreamMiddlewareValues)[number];
-
-export const NodeTextMiddlewareValues = [
-  'citation_footnote',
-  'callout',
-  'thinking_format',
-] as const;
-export type NodeTextMiddleware = (typeof NodeTextMiddlewareValues)[number];
-
-export type ProviderMiddlewareConfig = {
-  rust?: { request?: RustRequestMiddleware[]; stream?: RustStreamMiddleware[] };
-  node?: { text?: NodeTextMiddleware[] };
-};
-
-type CopilotProviderProfileCommon = {
-  id: string;
-  displayName?: string;
-  priority?: number;
-  enabled?: boolean;
-  models?: string[];
-  middleware?: ProviderMiddlewareConfig;
-};
-
-type CopilotProviderProfileVariant<T extends CopilotProviderType> = {
-  type: T;
-  config: CopilotProviderConfigMap[T];
-};
-
-export type CopilotProviderProfile = CopilotProviderProfileCommon &
-  {
-    [Type in CopilotProviderType]: CopilotProviderProfileVariant<Type>;
-  }[CopilotProviderType];
-
-export type CopilotProviderDefaults = Partial<
-  Record<ModelOutputType, string>
-> & {
-  fallback?: string;
-};
-
-const CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape = z.object({
-  id: z.string().regex(/^[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+$/),
-  displayName: z.string().optional(),
-  priority: z.number().optional(),
-  enabled: z.boolean().optional(),
-  models: z.array(z.string()).optional(),
-  middleware: z
-    .object({
-      rust: z
-        .object({
-          request: z.array(z.enum(RustRequestMiddlewareValues)).optional(),
-          stream: z.array(z.enum(RustStreamMiddlewareValues)).optional(),
-        })
-        .optional(),
-      node: z
-        .object({ text: z.array(z.enum(NodeTextMiddlewareValues)).optional() })
-        .optional(),
-    })
-    .optional(),
-});
-
-const OpenAIConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string(),
-  baseURL: z.string().optional(),
-  oldApiStyle: z.boolean().optional(),
-});
-
-const FalConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string(),
-});
-
-const GeminiGenerativeConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string(),
-  baseURL: z.string().optional(),
-});
-
-const VertexProviderConfigShape = z.object({
-  location: z.string().optional(),
-  project: z.string().optional(),
-  baseURL: z.string().optional(),
-  googleAuthOptions: z.any().optional(),
-  fetch: z.any().optional(),
-});
-
-const PerplexityConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string(),
-  endpoint: z.string().optional(),
-});
-
-const AnthropicOfficialConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string(),
-  baseURL: z.string().optional(),
-});
-
-const MorphConfigShape = z.object({
-  apiKey: z.string().optional(),
-});
-
-const CopilotProviderProfileShape = z.discriminatedUnion('type', [
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.OpenAI),
-    config: OpenAIConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.FAL),
-    config: FalConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.Gemini),
-    config: GeminiGenerativeConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.GeminiVertex),
-    config: VertexProviderConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.Perplexity),
-    config: PerplexityConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.Anthropic),
-    config: AnthropicOfficialConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.AnthropicVertex),
-    config: VertexProviderConfigShape,
-  }),
-  CopilotProviderProfileBaseShape.extend({
-    type: z.literal(CopilotProviderType.Morph),
-    config: MorphConfigShape,
-  }),
-]);
-
-const CopilotProviderDefaultsShape = z.object({
-  [ModelOutputType.Text]: z.string().optional(),
-  [ModelOutputType.Object]: z.string().optional(),
-  [ModelOutputType.Embedding]: z.string().optional(),
-  [ModelOutputType.Image]: z.string().optional(),
-  [ModelOutputType.Structured]: z.string().optional(),
-  fallback: z.string().optional(),
-});
-
+import { VertexSchema } from './providers/types';
 declare global {
  interface AppConfigSchema {
    copilot: {
@@ -201,8 +27,6 @@ declare global {
      storage: ConfigItem<StorageProviderConfig>;
      scenarios: ConfigItem<CopilotPromptScenario>;
      providers: {
-        profiles: ConfigItem<CopilotProviderProfile[]>;
-        defaults: ConfigItem<CopilotProviderDefaults>;
        openai: ConfigItem<OpenAIConfig>;
        fal: ConfigItem<FalConfig>;
        gemini: ConfigItem<GeminiGenerativeConfig>;
@@ -239,16 +63,6 @@ defineModuleConfig('copilot', {
      },
    },
  },
-  'providers.profiles': {
-    desc: 'The profile list for copilot providers.',
-    default: [],
-    shape: z.array(CopilotProviderProfileShape),
-  },
-  'providers.defaults': {
-    desc: 'The default provider ids for model output types and global fallback.',
-    default: {},
-    shape: CopilotProviderDefaultsShape,
-  },
  'providers.openai': {
    desc: 'The config for the openai provider.',
    default: {
@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ import {
  BlobNotFound,
  CallMetric,
  Config,
+  CopilotFailedToGenerateText,
  CopilotSessionNotFound,
+  InternalServerError,
+  mapAnyError,
  mapSseError,
  metrics,
  NoCopilotProviderAvailable,
@@ -239,6 +242,61 @@ export class CopilotController implements BeforeApplicationShutdown {
    };
  }

+  @Get('/chat/:sessionId')
+  @CallMetric('ai', 'chat', { timer: true })
+  async chat(
+    @CurrentUser() user: CurrentUser,
+    @Req() req: Request,
+    @Param('sessionId') sessionId: string,
+    @Query() query: Record<string, string | string[]>
+  ): Promise<string> {
+    const info: any = { sessionId, params: query };
+
+    try {
+      const { provider, model, session, finalMessage } =
+        await this.prepareChatSession(
+          user,
+          sessionId,
+          query,
+          ModelOutputType.Text
+        );
+
+      info.model = model;
+      info.finalMessage = finalMessage.filter(m => m.role !== 'system');
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_calls').add(1, { model });
+
+      const { reasoning, webSearch, toolsConfig } =
+        ChatQuerySchema.parse(query);
+      const content = await provider.text({ modelId: model }, finalMessage, {
+        ...session.config.promptConfig,
+        signal: getSignal(req).signal,
+        user: user.id,
+        session: session.config.sessionId,
+        workspace: session.config.workspaceId,
+        reasoning,
+        webSearch,
+        tools: getTools(session.config.promptConfig?.tools, toolsConfig),
+      });
+
+      session.push({
+        role: 'assistant',
+        content,
+        createdAt: new Date(),
+      });
+      await session.save();
+
+      return content;
+    } catch (e: any) {
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_errors').add(1);
+      let error = mapAnyError(e);
+      if (error instanceof InternalServerError) {
+        error = new CopilotFailedToGenerateText(e.message);
+      }
+      error.log('CopilotChat', info);
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
  @Sse('/chat/:sessionId/stream')
  @CallMetric('ai', 'chat_stream', { timer: true })
  async chatStream(
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { AiPrompt, PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';

 import type { PromptConfig, PromptMessage } from '../providers/types';

-export type Prompt = Omit<
+type Prompt = Omit<
  AiPrompt,
  | 'id'
  | 'createdAt'
@@ -2095,14 +2095,17 @@ export const prompts: Prompt[] = [

 export async function refreshPrompts(db: PrismaClient) {
  const needToSkip = await db.aiPrompt
-    .findMany({ where: { modified: true }, select: { name: true } })
+    .findMany({
+      where: { modified: true },
+      select: { name: true },
+    })
    .then(p => p.map(p => p.name));

  for (const prompt of prompts) {
    // skip prompt update if already modified by admin panel
    if (needToSkip.includes(prompt.name)) {
      new Logger('CopilotPrompt').warn(`Skip modified prompt: ${prompt.name}`);
-      continue;
+      return;
    }

    await db.aiPrompt.upsert({
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import {
 import { ChatPrompt } from './chat-prompt';
 import {
  CopilotPromptScenario,
-  type Prompt,
  prompts,
  refreshPrompts,
  Scenario,
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ import {
 export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
  private readonly logger = new Logger(PromptService.name);
  private readonly cache = new Map<string, ChatPrompt>();
-  private readonly inMemoryPrompts = new Map<string, Prompt>();

  constructor(
    private readonly config: Config,
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
  ) {}

  async onApplicationBootstrap() {
-    this.resetInMemoryPrompts();
+    this.cache.clear();
    await refreshPrompts(this.db);
  }

@@ -47,7 +45,6 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
  }

  protected async setup(scenarios?: CopilotPromptScenario) {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
    if (!!scenarios && scenarios.override_enabled && scenarios.scenarios) {
      this.logger.log('Updating prompts based on scenarios...');
      for (const [scenario, model] of Object.entries(scenarios.scenarios)) {
@@ -78,29 +75,25 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   * @returns prompt names
   */
  async listNames() {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
-    return Array.from(this.inMemoryPrompts.keys());
+    return this.db.aiPrompt
+      .findMany({ select: { name: true } })
+      .then(prompts => Array.from(new Set(prompts.map(p => p.name))));
  }

  async list() {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
-    return Array.from(this.inMemoryPrompts.values())
-      .map(prompt => ({
-        name: prompt.name,
-        action: prompt.action ?? null,
-        model: prompt.model,
-        config: prompt.config ? structuredClone(prompt.config) : null,
-        messages: prompt.messages.map(message => ({
-          role: message.role,
-          content: message.content,
-          params: message.params ?? null,
-        })),
-      }))
-      .sort((a, b) => {
-        if (a.action === null && b.action !== null) return -1;
-        if (a.action !== null && b.action === null) return 1;
-        return (a.action ?? '').localeCompare(b.action ?? '');
-      });
+    return this.db.aiPrompt.findMany({
+      select: {
+        name: true,
+        action: true,
+        model: true,
+        config: true,
+        messages: {
+          select: { role: true, content: true, params: true },
+          orderBy: { idx: 'asc' },
+        },
+      },
+      orderBy: { action: { sort: 'asc', nulls: 'first' } },
+    });
  }

  /**
@@ -109,24 +102,40 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
   * @returns prompt messages
   */
  async get(name: string): Promise<ChatPrompt | null> {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
-
    // skip cache in dev mode to ensure the latest prompt is always fetched
    if (!env.dev) {
      const cached = this.cache.get(name);
      if (cached) return cached;
    }

-    const prompt = this.inMemoryPrompts.get(name);
-    if (!prompt) return null;
+    const prompt = await this.db.aiPrompt.findUnique({
+      where: {
+        name,
+      },
+      select: {
+        name: true,
+        action: true,
+        model: true,
+        optionalModels: true,
+        config: true,
+        messages: {
+          select: {
+            role: true,
+            content: true,
+            params: true,
+          },
+          orderBy: {
+            idx: 'asc',
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });

-    const messages = PromptMessageSchema.array().safeParse(prompt.messages);
-    const config = PromptConfigSchema.safeParse(prompt.config);
-    if (messages.success && config.success) {
+    const messages = PromptMessageSchema.array().safeParse(prompt?.messages);
+    const config = PromptConfigSchema.safeParse(prompt?.config);
+    if (prompt && messages.success && config.success) {
      const chatPrompt = ChatPrompt.createFromPrompt({
-        ...this.clonePrompt(prompt),
-        action: prompt.action ?? null,
-        optionalModels: prompt.optionalModels ?? [],
+        ...prompt,
        config: config.data,
        messages: messages.data,
      });
@@ -140,69 +149,25 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
    name: string,
    model: string,
    messages: PromptMessage[],
-    config?: PromptConfig | null,
-    extraConfig?: { optionalModels: string[] }
+    config?: PromptConfig | null
  ) {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
-
-    const existing = this.inMemoryPrompts.get(name);
-    const mergedOptionalModels = existing?.optionalModels
-      ? [...existing.optionalModels, ...(extraConfig?.optionalModels ?? [])]
-      : extraConfig?.optionalModels;
-    const inMemoryConfig = (!!config && structuredClone(config)) || undefined;
-    const dbConfig = this.toDbConfig(config);
-    this.inMemoryPrompts.set(name, {
-      name,
-      model,
-      action: existing?.action,
-      optionalModels: mergedOptionalModels,
-      config: inMemoryConfig,
-      messages: this.cloneMessages(messages),
-    });
-    this.cache.delete(name);
-
-    try {
-      return await this.db.aiPrompt
-        .upsert({
-          where: { name },
-          create: {
-            name,
-            action: existing?.action,
-            model,
-            optionalModels: mergedOptionalModels,
-            config: dbConfig,
-            messages: {
-              create: messages.map((m, idx) => ({
-                idx,
-                ...m,
-                attachments: m.attachments || undefined,
-                params: m.params || undefined,
-              })),
-            },
+    return await this.db.aiPrompt
+      .create({
+        data: {
+          name,
+          model,
+          config: config || undefined,
+          messages: {
+            create: messages.map((m, idx) => ({
+              idx,
+              ...m,
+              attachments: m.attachments || undefined,
+              params: m.params || undefined,
+            })),
          },
-          update: {
-            model,
-            optionalModels: mergedOptionalModels,
-            config: dbConfig,
-            updatedAt: new Date(),
-            messages: {
-              deleteMany: {},
-              create: messages.map((m, idx) => ({
-                idx,
-                ...m,
-                attachments: m.attachments || undefined,
-                params: m.params || undefined,
-              })),
-            },
-          },
-        })
-        .then(ret => ret.id);
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Compat prompt upsert failed for "${name}": ${this.stringifyError(error)}`
-      );
-      return -1;
-    }
+        },
+      })
+      .then(ret => ret.id);
  }

  @Transactional()
@@ -212,123 +177,44 @@ export class PromptService implements OnApplicationBootstrap {
      messages?: PromptMessage[];
      model?: string;
      modified?: boolean;
-      config?: PromptConfig | null;
+      config?: PromptConfig;
    },
    where?: Prisma.AiPromptWhereInput
  ) {
-    this.ensureInMemoryPrompts();
    const { config, messages, model, modified } = data;
+    const existing = await this.db.aiPrompt
+      .count({ where: { ...where, name } })
+      .then(count => count > 0);
+    if (existing) {
+      await this.db.aiPrompt.update({
+        where: { name },
+        data: {
+          config: config || undefined,
+          updatedAt: new Date(),
+          modified,
+          model,
+          messages: messages
+            ? {
+                // cleanup old messages
+                deleteMany: {},
+                create: messages.map((m, idx) => ({
+                  idx,
+                  ...m,
+                  attachments: m.attachments || undefined,
+                  params: m.params || undefined,
+                })),
+              }
+            : undefined,
+        },
+      });

-    const current = this.inMemoryPrompts.get(name);
-    if (current) {
-      const next = this.clonePrompt(current);
-      if (model !== undefined) {
-        next.model = model;
-      }
-      if (config === null) {
-        next.config = undefined;
-      } else if (config !== undefined) {
-        next.config = structuredClone(config);
-      }
-      if (messages) {
-        next.messages = this.cloneMessages(messages);
-      }
-
-      this.inMemoryPrompts.set(name, next);
      this.cache.delete(name);
    }
-
-    try {
-      const existing = await this.db.aiPrompt
-        .count({ where: { ...where, name } })
-        .then(count => count > 0);
-      if (existing) {
-        await this.db.aiPrompt.update({
-          where: { name },
-          data: {
-            config: this.toDbConfig(config),
-            updatedAt: new Date(),
-            modified,
-            model,
-            messages: messages
-              ? {
-                  // cleanup old messages
-                  deleteMany: {},
-                  create: messages.map((m, idx) => ({
-                    idx,
-                    ...m,
-                    attachments: m.attachments || undefined,
-                    params: m.params || undefined,
-                  })),
-                }
-              : undefined,
-          },
-        });
-      }
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Compat prompt update failed for "${name}": ${this.stringifyError(error)}`
-      );
-    }
  }

  async delete(name: string) {
-    this.inMemoryPrompts.delete(name);
+    const { id } = await this.db.aiPrompt.delete({ where: { name } });
    this.cache.delete(name);
-
-    try {
-      const { id } = await this.db.aiPrompt.delete({ where: { name } });
-      return id;
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Compat prompt delete failed for "${name}": ${this.stringifyError(error)}`
-      );
-      return -1;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private resetInMemoryPrompts() {
-    this.cache.clear();
-    this.inMemoryPrompts.clear();
-    for (const prompt of prompts) {
-      this.inMemoryPrompts.set(prompt.name, this.clonePrompt(prompt));
-    }
-  }
-
-  private ensureInMemoryPrompts() {
-    if (!this.inMemoryPrompts.size) {
-      this.resetInMemoryPrompts();
-    }
-  }
-
-  private toDbConfig(
-    config: PromptConfig | null | undefined
-  ): Prisma.InputJsonValue | Prisma.NullableJsonNullValueInput | undefined {
-    if (config === null) return Prisma.DbNull;
-    if (config === undefined) return undefined;
-    return config as Prisma.InputJsonValue;
-  }
-
-  private cloneMessages(messages: PromptMessage[]) {
-    return messages.map(message => ({
-      ...message,
-      attachments: message.attachments ? [...message.attachments] : undefined,
-      params: message.params ? structuredClone(message.params) : undefined,
-    }));
-  }
-
-  private clonePrompt(prompt: Prompt): Prompt {
-    return {
-      ...prompt,
-      optionalModels: prompt.optionalModels
-        ? [...prompt.optionalModels]
-        : undefined,
-      config: prompt.config ? structuredClone(prompt.config) : undefined,
-      messages: this.cloneMessages(prompt.messages),
-    };
-  }
-
-  private stringifyError(error: unknown) {
-    return error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+    return id;
  }
 }
@@ -1,90 +1,52 @@
-import type { ToolSet } from 'ai';
+import {
+  type AnthropicProvider as AnthropicSDKProvider,
+  type AnthropicProviderOptions,
+} from '@ai-sdk/anthropic';
+import { type GoogleVertexAnthropicProvider } from '@ai-sdk/google-vertex/anthropic';
+import { AISDKError, generateText, stepCountIs, streamText } from 'ai';

 import {
  CopilotProviderSideError,
  metrics,
  UserFriendlyError,
 } from '../../../../base';
-import {
-  llmDispatchStream,
-  type NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  type NativeLlmRequest,
-} from '../../../../native';
-import type { NodeTextMiddleware } from '../../config';
-import { buildNativeRequest, NativeProviderAdapter } from '../native';
 import { CopilotProvider } from '../provider';
 import type {
  CopilotChatOptions,
+  CopilotProviderModel,
  ModelConditions,
  PromptMessage,
  StreamObject,
 } from '../types';
-import { CopilotProviderType, ModelOutputType } from '../types';
-import { getGoogleAuth, getVertexAnthropicBaseUrl } from '../utils';
+import { ModelOutputType } from '../types';
+import {
+  chatToGPTMessage,
+  StreamObjectParser,
+  TextStreamParser,
+} from '../utils';

 export abstract class AnthropicProvider<T> extends CopilotProvider<T> {
+  protected abstract instance:
+    | AnthropicSDKProvider
+    | GoogleVertexAnthropicProvider;
+
  private handleError(e: any) {
    if (e instanceof UserFriendlyError) {
      return e;
+    } else if (e instanceof AISDKError) {
+      this.logger.error('Throw error from ai sdk:', e);
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: e.name || 'unknown',
+        message: e.message,
+      });
+    } else {
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: 'unexpected_response',
+        message: e?.message || 'Unexpected anthropic response',
+      });
    }
-    return new CopilotProviderSideError({
-      provider: this.type,
-      kind: 'unexpected_response',
-      message: e?.message || 'Unexpected anthropic response',
-    });
-  }
-
-  private async createNativeConfig(): Promise<NativeLlmBackendConfig> {
-    if (this.type === CopilotProviderType.AnthropicVertex) {
-      const auth = await getGoogleAuth(this.config as any, 'anthropic');
-      const headers = auth.headers();
-      const authorization =
-        headers.Authorization ||
-        (headers as Record<string, string | undefined>).authorization;
-      const token =
-        typeof authorization === 'string'
-          ? authorization.replace(/^Bearer\s+/i, '')
-          : '';
-      const baseUrl =
-        getVertexAnthropicBaseUrl(this.config as any) || auth.baseUrl;
-      return {
-        base_url: baseUrl || '',
-        auth_token: token,
-        request_layer: 'vertex',
-        headers,
-      };
-    }
-
-    const config = this.config as { apiKey: string; baseURL?: string };
-    const baseUrl = config.baseURL || 'https://api.anthropic.com/v1';
-    return {
-      base_url: baseUrl.replace(/\/v1\/?$/, ''),
-      auth_token: config.apiKey,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private createAdapter(
-    backendConfig: NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-    tools: ToolSet,
-    nodeTextMiddleware?: NodeTextMiddleware[]
-  ) {
-    return new NativeProviderAdapter(
-      (request: NativeLlmRequest, signal?: AbortSignal) =>
-        llmDispatchStream('anthropic', backendConfig, request, signal),
-      tools,
-      this.MAX_STEPS,
-      { nodeTextMiddleware }
-    );
-  }
-
-  private getReasoning(
-    options: NonNullable<CopilotChatOptions>,
-    model: string
-  ): Record<string, unknown> | undefined {
-    if (options.reasoning && this.isReasoningModel(model)) {
-      return { budget_tokens: 12000, include_thought: true };
-    }
-    return undefined;
  }

  async text(
@@ -97,29 +59,28 @@ export abstract class AnthropicProvider<T> extends CopilotProvider<T> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const backendConfig = await this.createNativeConfig();
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const reasoning = this.getReasoning(options, model.id);
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        reasoning,
-        middleware,
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages, true, true);
+
+      const modelInstance = this.instance(model.id);
+      const { text, reasoning } = await generateText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
+        providerOptions: {
+          anthropic: this.getAnthropicOptions(options, model.id),
+        },
+        tools: await this.getTools(options, model.id),
+        stopWhen: stepCountIs(this.MAX_STEPS),
      });
-      const adapter = this.createAdapter(
-        backendConfig,
-        tools,
-        middleware.node?.text
-      );
-      return await adapter.text(request, options.signal);
+
+      if (!text) throw new Error('Failed to generate text');
+
+      return reasoning ? `${reasoning}\n${text}` : text;
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }
@@ -134,32 +95,25 @@ export abstract class AnthropicProvider<T> extends CopilotProvider<T> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const backendConfig = await this.createNativeConfig();
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
-      });
-      const adapter = this.createAdapter(
-        backendConfig,
-        tools,
-        middleware.node?.text
-      );
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      const fullStream = await this.getFullStream(model, messages, options);
+      const parser = new TextStreamParser();
+      for await (const chunk of fullStream) {
+        const result = parser.parse(chunk);
+        yield result;
+        if (options.signal?.aborted) {
+          await fullStream.cancel();
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!options.signal?.aborted) {
+        const footnotes = parser.end();
+        if (footnotes.length) {
+          yield `\n\n${footnotes}`;
+        }
      }
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }
@@ -176,34 +130,58 @@ export abstract class AnthropicProvider<T> extends CopilotProvider<T> {
    try {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('chat_object_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const backendConfig = await this.createNativeConfig();
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
-      });
-      const adapter = this.createAdapter(
-        backendConfig,
-        tools,
-        middleware.node?.text
-      );
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamObject(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+        .add(1, { model: model.id });
+      const fullStream = await this.getFullStream(model, messages, options);
+      const parser = new StreamObjectParser();
+      for await (const chunk of fullStream) {
+        const result = parser.parse(chunk);
+        if (result) {
+          yield result;
+        }
+        if (options.signal?.aborted) {
+          await fullStream.cancel();
+          break;
+        }
      }
    } catch (e: any) {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('chat_object_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+        .add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }

+  private async getFullStream(
+    model: CopilotProviderModel,
+    messages: PromptMessage[],
+    options: CopilotChatOptions = {}
+  ) {
+    const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages, true, true);
+    const { fullStream } = streamText({
+      model: this.instance(model.id),
+      system,
+      messages: msgs,
+      abortSignal: options.signal,
+      providerOptions: {
+        anthropic: this.getAnthropicOptions(options, model.id),
+      },
+      tools: await this.getTools(options, model.id),
+      stopWhen: stepCountIs(this.MAX_STEPS),
+    });
+    return fullStream;
+  }
+
+  private getAnthropicOptions(options: CopilotChatOptions, model: string) {
+    const result: AnthropicProviderOptions = {};
+    if (options?.reasoning && this.isReasoningModel(model)) {
+      result.thinking = {
+        type: 'enabled',
+        budgetTokens: 12000,
+      };
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
  private isReasoningModel(model: string) {
    // claude 3.5 sonnet doesn't support reasoning config
    return model.includes('sonnet') && !model.startsWith('claude-3-5-sonnet');
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+import {
+  type AnthropicProvider as AnthropicSDKProvider,
+  createAnthropic,
+} from '@ai-sdk/anthropic';
 import z from 'zod';

 import { CopilotProviderType, ModelInputType, ModelOutputType } from '../types';
@@ -48,12 +52,18 @@ export class AnthropicOfficialProvider extends AnthropicProvider<AnthropicOffici
    },
  ];

+  protected instance!: AnthropicSDKProvider;
+
  override configured(): boolean {
    return !!this.config.apiKey;
  }

  override setup() {
    super.setup();
+    this.instance = createAnthropic({
+      apiKey: this.config.apiKey,
+      baseURL: this.config.baseURL,
+    });
  }

  override async refreshOnlineModels() {
@@ -5,11 +5,7 @@ import {
 } from '@ai-sdk/google-vertex/anthropic';

 import { CopilotProviderType, ModelInputType, ModelOutputType } from '../types';
-import {
-  getGoogleAuth,
-  getVertexAnthropicBaseUrl,
-  VertexModelListSchema,
-} from '../utils';
+import { getGoogleAuth, VertexModelListSchema } from '../utils';
 import { AnthropicProvider } from './anthropic';

 export type AnthropicVertexConfig = GoogleVertexAnthropicProviderSettings;
@@ -53,8 +49,7 @@ export class AnthropicVertexProvider extends AnthropicProvider<AnthropicVertexCo
  protected instance!: GoogleVertexAnthropicProvider;

  override configured(): boolean {
-    if (!this.config.location || !this.config.googleAuthOptions) return false;
-    return !!this.config.project || !!getVertexAnthropicBaseUrl(this.config);
+    return !!this.config.location && !!this.config.googleAuthOptions;
  }

  override setup() {
@@ -1,141 +1,16 @@
 import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';

-import { Config } from '../../../base';
 import { ServerFeature, ServerService } from '../../../core';
 import type { CopilotProvider } from './provider';
-import {
-  buildProviderRegistry,
-  resolveModel,
-  stripProviderPrefix,
-} from './provider-registry';
 import { CopilotProviderType, ModelFullConditions } from './types';

-function isAsyncIterable(value: unknown): value is AsyncIterable<unknown> {
-  return (
-    value !== null &&
-    value !== undefined &&
-    typeof (value as AsyncIterable<unknown>)[Symbol.asyncIterator] ===
-      'function'
-  );
-}
-
@Injectable()
 export class CopilotProviderFactory {
-  constructor(
-    private readonly server: ServerService,
-    private readonly config: Config
-  ) {}
+  constructor(private readonly server: ServerService) {}

  private readonly logger = new Logger(CopilotProviderFactory.name);

-  readonly #providers = new Map<string, CopilotProvider>();
-  readonly #boundProviders = new Map<string, CopilotProvider>();
-  readonly #providerIdsByType = new Map<CopilotProviderType, Set<string>>();
-
-  private getRegistry() {
-    return buildProviderRegistry(this.config.copilot.providers);
-  }
-
-  private getPreferredProviderIds(type?: CopilotProviderType) {
-    if (!type) return undefined;
-    return this.#providerIdsByType.get(type);
-  }
-
-  private normalizeCond(
-    providerId: string,
-    cond: ModelFullConditions
-  ): ModelFullConditions {
-    const registry = this.getRegistry();
-    const modelId = stripProviderPrefix(registry, providerId, cond.modelId);
-    return { ...cond, modelId };
-  }
-
-  private normalizeMethodArgs(providerId: string, args: unknown[]) {
-    const [first, ...rest] = args;
-    if (
-      !first ||
-      typeof first !== 'object' ||
-      Array.isArray(first) ||
-      !('modelId' in first)
-    ) {
-      return args;
-    }
-
-    const cond = first as Record<string, unknown>;
-    if (typeof cond.modelId !== 'string') return args;
-
-    const registry = this.getRegistry();
-    const modelId = stripProviderPrefix(registry, providerId, cond.modelId);
-    return [{ ...cond, modelId }, ...rest];
-  }
-
-  private wrapAsyncIterable<T>(
-    provider: CopilotProvider,
-    providerId: string,
-    iterable: AsyncIterable<T>
-  ): AsyncIterableIterator<T> {
-    const iterator = iterable[Symbol.asyncIterator]();
-
-    return {
-      next: value =>
-        provider.runWithProfile(providerId, () => iterator.next(value)),
-      return: value =>
-        provider.runWithProfile(providerId, async () => {
-          if (typeof iterator.return === 'function') {
-            return iterator.return(value as never);
-          }
-          return { done: true, value: value as T };
-        }),
-      throw: error =>
-        provider.runWithProfile(providerId, async () => {
-          if (typeof iterator.throw === 'function') {
-            return iterator.throw(error);
-          }
-          throw error;
-        }),
-      [Symbol.asyncIterator]() {
-        return this;
-      },
-    };
-  }
-
-  private getBoundProvider(providerId: string, provider: CopilotProvider) {
-    const cached = this.#boundProviders.get(providerId);
-    if (cached) {
-      return cached;
-    }
-
-    const wrapped = new Proxy(provider, {
-      get: (target, prop, receiver) => {
-        if (prop === 'providerId') {
-          return providerId;
-        }
-
-        const value = Reflect.get(target, prop, receiver);
-        if (typeof value !== 'function') {
-          return value;
-        }
-
-        return (...args: unknown[]) => {
-          const normalizedArgs = this.normalizeMethodArgs(providerId, args);
-          const result = provider.runWithProfile(providerId, () =>
-            Reflect.apply(value, provider, normalizedArgs)
-          );
-          if (isAsyncIterable(result)) {
-            return this.wrapAsyncIterable(
-              provider,
-              providerId,
-              result as AsyncIterable<unknown>
-            );
-          }
-          return result;
-        };
-      },
-    }) as CopilotProvider;
-
-    this.#boundProviders.set(providerId, wrapped);
-    return wrapped;
-  }
+  readonly #providers = new Map<CopilotProviderType, CopilotProvider>();

  async getProvider(
    cond: ModelFullConditions,
@@ -146,41 +21,22 @@ export class CopilotProviderFactory {
    this.logger.debug(
      `Resolving copilot provider for output type: ${cond.outputType}`
    );
-    const route = resolveModel({
-      registry: this.getRegistry(),
-      modelId: cond.modelId,
-      outputType: cond.outputType,
-      availableProviderIds: this.#providers.keys(),
-      preferredProviderIds: this.getPreferredProviderIds(filter.prefer),
-    });
-
-    const registry = this.getRegistry();
-    for (const providerId of route.candidateProviderIds) {
-      const provider = this.#providers.get(providerId);
-      if (!provider) continue;
-
-      const profile = registry.profiles.get(providerId);
-      const normalizedCond = this.normalizeCond(providerId, cond);
-      if (
-        normalizedCond.modelId &&
-        profile?.models?.length &&
-        !profile.models.includes(normalizedCond.modelId)
-      ) {
+    let candidate: CopilotProvider | null = null;
+    for (const [type, provider] of this.#providers.entries()) {
+      if (filter.prefer && filter.prefer !== type) {
        continue;
      }

-      const matched = await provider.runWithProfile(providerId, () =>
-        provider.match(normalizedCond)
-      );
-      if (!matched) continue;
+      const isMatched = await provider.match(cond);

-      this.logger.debug(
-        `Copilot provider candidate found: ${provider.type} (${providerId})`
-      );
-      return this.getBoundProvider(providerId, provider);
+      if (isMatched) {
+        candidate = provider;
+        this.logger.debug(`Copilot provider candidate found: ${type}`);
+        break;
+      }
    }

-    return null;
+    return candidate;
  }

  async getProviderByModel(
@@ -190,50 +46,31 @@ export class CopilotProviderFactory {
    } = {}
  ): Promise<CopilotProvider | null> {
    this.logger.debug(`Resolving copilot provider for model: ${modelId}`);
-    return this.getProvider({ modelId }, filter);
-  }

-  register(providerId: string, provider: CopilotProvider) {
-    const existed = this.#providers.get(providerId);
-    if (existed?.type && existed.type !== provider.type) {
-      const ids = this.#providerIdsByType.get(existed.type);
-      ids?.delete(providerId);
-      if (!ids?.size) {
-        this.#providerIdsByType.delete(existed.type);
+    let candidate: CopilotProvider | null = null;
+    for (const [type, provider] of this.#providers.entries()) {
+      if (filter.prefer && filter.prefer !== type) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (await provider.match({ modelId })) {
+        candidate = provider;
+        this.logger.debug(`Copilot provider candidate found: ${type}`);
      }
    }

-    this.#providers.set(providerId, provider);
-    this.#boundProviders.delete(providerId);
+    return candidate;
+  }

-    const ids = this.#providerIdsByType.get(provider.type) ?? new Set<string>();
-    ids.add(providerId);
-    this.#providerIdsByType.set(provider.type, ids);
-
-    this.logger.log(
-      `Copilot provider [${provider.type}] registered as [${providerId}].`
-    );
+  register(provider: CopilotProvider) {
+    this.#providers.set(provider.type, provider);
+    this.logger.log(`Copilot provider [${provider.type}] registered.`);
    this.server.enableFeature(ServerFeature.Copilot);
  }

-  unregister(providerId: string, provider: CopilotProvider) {
-    const existed = this.#providers.get(providerId);
-    if (!existed || existed !== provider) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.#providers.delete(providerId);
-    this.#boundProviders.delete(providerId);
-
-    const ids = this.#providerIdsByType.get(provider.type);
-    ids?.delete(providerId);
-    if (!ids?.size) {
-      this.#providerIdsByType.delete(provider.type);
-    }
-
-    this.logger.log(
-      `Copilot provider [${provider.type}] unregistered from [${providerId}].`
-    );
+  unregister(provider: CopilotProvider) {
+    this.#providers.delete(provider.type);
+    this.logger.log(`Copilot provider [${provider.type}] unregistered.`);
    if (this.#providers.size === 0) {
      this.server.disableFeature(ServerFeature.Copilot);
    }
@@ -1,381 +0,0 @@
-import type { ToolSet } from 'ai';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
-import type {
-  NativeLlmRequest,
-  NativeLlmStreamEvent,
-  NativeLlmToolDefinition,
-} from '../../../native';
-
-export type NativeDispatchFn = (
-  request: NativeLlmRequest,
-  signal?: AbortSignal
-) => AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent>;
-
-export type NativeToolCall = {
-  id: string;
-  name: string;
-  args: Record<string, unknown>;
-  thought?: string;
-};
-
-type ToolCallState = {
-  name?: string;
-  argumentsText: string;
-};
-
-type ToolExecutionResult = {
-  callId: string;
-  name: string;
-  args: Record<string, unknown>;
-  output: unknown;
-  isError?: boolean;
-};
-
-export class ToolCallAccumulator {
-  readonly #states = new Map<string, ToolCallState>();
-
-  feedDelta(event: Extract<NativeLlmStreamEvent, { type: 'tool_call_delta' }>) {
-    const state = this.#states.get(event.call_id) ?? {
-      argumentsText: '',
-    };
-    if (event.name) {
-      state.name = event.name;
-    }
-    if (event.arguments_delta) {
-      state.argumentsText += event.arguments_delta;
-    }
-    this.#states.set(event.call_id, state);
-  }
-
-  complete(event: Extract<NativeLlmStreamEvent, { type: 'tool_call' }>) {
-    const state = this.#states.get(event.call_id);
-    this.#states.delete(event.call_id);
-    return {
-      id: event.call_id,
-      name: event.name || state?.name || '',
-      args: this.parseArgs(
-        event.arguments ?? this.parseJson(state?.argumentsText ?? '{}')
-      ),
-      thought: event.thought,
-    } satisfies NativeToolCall;
-  }
-
-  drainPending() {
-    const pending: NativeToolCall[] = [];
-    for (const [callId, state] of this.#states.entries()) {
-      if (!state.name) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      pending.push({
-        id: callId,
-        name: state.name,
-        args: this.parseArgs(this.parseJson(state.argumentsText)),
-      });
-    }
-    this.#states.clear();
-    return pending;
-  }
-
-  private parseJson(jsonText: string): unknown {
-    if (!jsonText.trim()) {
-      return {};
-    }
-    try {
-      return JSON.parse(jsonText);
-    } catch {
-      return {};
-    }
-  }
-
-  private parseArgs(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (value && typeof value === 'object' && !Array.isArray(value)) {
-      return value as Record<string, unknown>;
-    }
-    return {};
-  }
-}
-
-export class ToolSchemaExtractor {
-  static extract(toolSet: ToolSet): NativeLlmToolDefinition[] {
-    return Object.entries(toolSet).map(([name, tool]) => {
-      const unknownTool = tool as Record<string, unknown>;
-      const inputSchema =
-        unknownTool.inputSchema ?? unknownTool.parameters ?? z.object({});
-
-      return {
-        name,
-        description:
-          typeof unknownTool.description === 'string'
-            ? unknownTool.description
-            : undefined,
-        parameters: this.toJsonSchema(inputSchema),
-      };
-    });
-  }
-
-  private static toJsonSchema(schema: unknown): Record<string, unknown> {
-    if (!(schema instanceof z.ZodType)) {
-      if (schema && typeof schema === 'object' && !Array.isArray(schema)) {
-        return schema as Record<string, unknown>;
-      }
-      return { type: 'object', properties: {} };
-    }
-
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodObject) {
-      const shape = schema.shape;
-      const properties: Record<string, unknown> = {};
-      const required: string[] = [];
-
-      for (const [key, child] of Object.entries(
-        shape as Record<string, z.ZodTypeAny>
-      )) {
-        properties[key] = this.toJsonSchema(child);
-        if (!this.isOptional(child)) {
-          required.push(key);
-        }
-      }
-
-      return {
-        type: 'object',
-        properties,
-        additionalProperties: false,
-        ...(required.length ? { required } : {}),
-      };
-    }
-
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodString) {
-      return { type: 'string' };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodNumber) {
-      return { type: 'number' };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodBoolean) {
-      return { type: 'boolean' };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodArray) {
-      return { type: 'array', items: this.toJsonSchema(schema.element) };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodEnum) {
-      return { type: 'string', enum: schema.options };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodLiteral) {
-      const literal = schema.value;
-      if (literal === null) {
-        return { const: null, type: 'null' };
-      }
-      if (typeof literal === 'string') {
-        return { const: literal, type: 'string' };
-      }
-      if (typeof literal === 'number') {
-        return { const: literal, type: 'number' };
-      }
-      if (typeof literal === 'boolean') {
-        return { const: literal, type: 'boolean' };
-      }
-      return { const: literal };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodUnion) {
-      return {
-        anyOf: schema.options.map((option: z.ZodTypeAny) =>
-          this.toJsonSchema(option)
-        ),
-      };
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodRecord) {
-      return {
-        type: 'object',
-        additionalProperties: this.toJsonSchema(schema.valueSchema),
-      };
-    }
-
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodNullable) {
-      const inner = (schema._def as { innerType?: z.ZodTypeAny }).innerType;
-      return { anyOf: [this.toJsonSchema(inner), { type: 'null' }] };
-    }
-
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodOptional || schema instanceof z.ZodDefault) {
-      return this.toJsonSchema(
-        (schema._def as { innerType?: z.ZodTypeAny }).innerType
-      );
-    }
-
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodEffects) {
-      return this.toJsonSchema(
-        (schema._def as { schema?: z.ZodTypeAny }).schema
-      );
-    }
-
-    return { type: 'object', properties: {} };
-  }
-
-  private static isOptional(schema: z.ZodTypeAny): boolean {
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodOptional || schema instanceof z.ZodDefault) {
-      return true;
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodNullable) {
-      return this.isOptional(
-        (schema._def as { innerType: z.ZodTypeAny }).innerType
-      );
-    }
-    if (schema instanceof z.ZodEffects) {
-      return this.isOptional((schema._def as { schema: z.ZodTypeAny }).schema);
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
-export class ToolCallLoop {
-  constructor(
-    private readonly dispatch: NativeDispatchFn,
-    private readonly tools: ToolSet,
-    private readonly maxSteps = 20
-  ) {}
-
-  async *run(
-    request: NativeLlmRequest,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ): AsyncIterableIterator<NativeLlmStreamEvent> {
-    const messages = request.messages.map(message => ({
-      ...message,
-      content: [...message.content],
-    }));
-
-    for (let step = 0; step < this.maxSteps; step++) {
-      const toolCalls: NativeToolCall[] = [];
-      const accumulator = new ToolCallAccumulator();
-      let finalDone: Extract<NativeLlmStreamEvent, { type: 'done' }> | null =
-        null;
-
-      for await (const event of this.dispatch(
-        {
-          ...request,
-          stream: true,
-          messages,
-        },
-        signal
-      )) {
-        switch (event.type) {
-          case 'tool_call_delta': {
-            accumulator.feedDelta(event);
-            break;
-          }
-          case 'tool_call': {
-            toolCalls.push(accumulator.complete(event));
-            yield event;
-            break;
-          }
-          case 'done': {
-            finalDone = event;
-            break;
-          }
-          case 'error': {
-            throw new Error(event.message);
-          }
-          default: {
-            yield event;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      toolCalls.push(...accumulator.drainPending());
-      if (toolCalls.length === 0) {
-        if (finalDone) {
-          yield finalDone;
-        }
-        break;
-      }
-
-      if (step === this.maxSteps - 1) {
-        throw new Error('ToolCallLoop max steps reached');
-      }
-
-      const toolResults = await this.executeTools(toolCalls);
-
-      messages.push({
-        role: 'assistant',
-        content: toolCalls.map(call => ({
-          type: 'tool_call',
-          call_id: call.id,
-          name: call.name,
-          arguments: call.args,
-          thought: call.thought,
-        })),
-      });
-
-      for (const result of toolResults) {
-        messages.push({
-          role: 'tool',
-          content: [
-            {
-              type: 'tool_result',
-              call_id: result.callId,
-              output: result.output,
-              is_error: result.isError,
-            },
-          ],
-        });
-        yield {
-          type: 'tool_result',
-          call_id: result.callId,
-          name: result.name,
-          arguments: result.args,
-          output: result.output,
-          is_error: result.isError,
-        };
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeTools(calls: NativeToolCall[]) {
-    return await Promise.all(calls.map(call => this.executeTool(call)));
-  }
-
-  private async executeTool(
-    call: NativeToolCall
-  ): Promise<ToolExecutionResult> {
-    const tool = this.tools[call.name] as
-      | {
-          execute?: (args: Record<string, unknown>) => Promise<unknown>;
-        }
-      | undefined;
-
-    if (!tool?.execute) {
-      return {
-        callId: call.id,
-        name: call.name,
-        args: call.args,
-        isError: true,
-        output: {
-          message: `Tool not found: ${call.name}`,
-        },
-      };
-    }
-
-    try {
-      const output = await tool.execute(call.args);
-      return {
-        callId: call.id,
-        name: call.name,
-        args: call.args,
-        output: output ?? null,
-      };
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error('Tool execution failed', {
-        callId: call.id,
-        toolName: call.name,
-        error,
-      });
-      return {
-        callId: call.id,
-        name: call.name,
-        args: call.args,
-        isError: true,
-        output: {
-          message: 'Tool execution failed',
-        },
-      };
-    }
-  }
-}
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-import type { ToolSet } from 'ai';
+import {
+  createOpenAICompatible,
+  OpenAICompatibleProvider as VercelOpenAICompatibleProvider,
+} from '@ai-sdk/openai-compatible';
+import { AISDKError, generateText, streamText } from 'ai';

 import {
  CopilotProviderSideError,
  metrics,
  UserFriendlyError,
 } from '../../../base';
-import {
-  llmDispatchStream,
-  type NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  type NativeLlmRequest,
-} from '../../../native';
-import type { NodeTextMiddleware } from '../config';
-import { buildNativeRequest, NativeProviderAdapter } from './native';
 import { CopilotProvider } from './provider';
 import type {
  CopilotChatOptions,
@@ -19,6 +16,7 @@ import type {
  PromptMessage,
 } from './types';
 import { CopilotProviderType, ModelInputType, ModelOutputType } from './types';
+import { chatToGPTMessage, TextStreamParser } from './utils';

 export const DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS = 256;

@@ -59,48 +57,37 @@ export class MorphProvider extends CopilotProvider<MorphConfig> {
    },
  ];

+  #instance!: VercelOpenAICompatibleProvider;
+
  override configured(): boolean {
    return !!this.config.apiKey;
  }

  protected override setup() {
    super.setup();
+    this.#instance = createOpenAICompatible({
+      name: this.type,
+      apiKey: this.config.apiKey,
+      baseURL: 'https://api.morphllm.com/v1',
+    });
  }

  private handleError(e: any) {
    if (e instanceof UserFriendlyError) {
      return e;
+    } else if (e instanceof AISDKError) {
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: e.name || 'unknown',
+        message: e.message,
+      });
+    } else {
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: 'unexpected_response',
+        message: e?.message || 'Unexpected morph response',
+      });
    }
-    return new CopilotProviderSideError({
-      provider: this.type,
-      kind: 'unexpected_response',
-      message: e?.message || 'Unexpected morph response',
-    });
-  }
-
-  private createNativeConfig(): NativeLlmBackendConfig {
-    return {
-      base_url: 'https://api.morphllm.com',
-      auth_token: this.config.apiKey ?? '',
-    };
-  }
-
-  private createNativeAdapter(
-    tools: ToolSet,
-    nodeTextMiddleware?: NodeTextMiddleware[]
-  ) {
-    return new NativeProviderAdapter(
-      (request: NativeLlmRequest, signal?: AbortSignal) =>
-        llmDispatchStream(
-          'openai_chat',
-          this.createNativeConfig(),
-          request,
-          signal
-        ),
-      tools,
-      this.MAX_STEPS,
-      { nodeTextMiddleware }
-    );
  }

  async text(
@@ -116,22 +103,22 @@ export class MorphProvider extends CopilotProvider<MorphConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        middleware,
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
+
+      const modelInstance = this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const { text } = await generateText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      return await adapter.text(request, options.signal);
+
+      return text.trim();
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }
@@ -149,26 +136,38 @@ export class MorphProvider extends CopilotProvider<MorphConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        middleware,
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
+
+      const modelInstance = this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const { fullStream } = streamText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+
+      const textParser = new TextStreamParser();
+      for await (const chunk of fullStream) {
+        switch (chunk.type) {
+          case 'text-delta': {
+            let result = textParser.parse(chunk);
+            yield result;
+            break;
+          }
+          default: {
+            yield textParser.parse(chunk);
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (options.signal?.aborted) {
+          await fullStream.cancel();
+          break;
+        }
      }
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }
@@ -1,464 +0,0 @@
-import type { ToolSet } from 'ai';
-import { ZodType } from 'zod';
-
-import type {
-  NativeLlmCoreContent,
-  NativeLlmCoreMessage,
-  NativeLlmRequest,
-  NativeLlmStreamEvent,
-} from '../../../native';
-import type { NodeTextMiddleware, ProviderMiddlewareConfig } from '../config';
-import { NativeDispatchFn, ToolCallLoop, ToolSchemaExtractor } from './loop';
-import type { CopilotChatOptions, PromptMessage, StreamObject } from './types';
-import {
-  CitationFootnoteFormatter,
-  inferMimeType,
-  TextStreamParser,
-} from './utils';
-
-const SIMPLE_IMAGE_URL_REGEX = /^(https?:\/\/|data:image\/)/;
-
-type BuildNativeRequestOptions = {
-  model: string;
-  messages: PromptMessage[];
-  options?: CopilotChatOptions;
-  tools?: ToolSet;
-  withAttachment?: boolean;
-  include?: string[];
-  reasoning?: Record<string, unknown>;
-  middleware?: ProviderMiddlewareConfig;
-};
-
-type BuildNativeRequestResult = {
-  request: NativeLlmRequest;
-  schema?: ZodType;
-};
-
-type ToolCallMeta = {
-  name: string;
-  args: Record<string, unknown>;
-};
-
-type NormalizedToolResultEvent = Extract<
-  NativeLlmStreamEvent,
-  { type: 'tool_result' }
-> & {
-  name: string;
-  arguments: Record<string, unknown>;
-};
-
-type AttachmentFootnote = {
-  blobId: string;
-  fileName: string;
-  fileType: string;
-};
-
-type NativeProviderAdapterOptions = {
-  nodeTextMiddleware?: NodeTextMiddleware[];
-};
-
-function roleToCore(role: PromptMessage['role']) {
-  switch (role) {
-    case 'assistant':
-      return 'assistant';
-    case 'system':
-      return 'system';
-    default:
-      return 'user';
-  }
-}
-
-async function toCoreContents(
-  message: PromptMessage,
-  withAttachment: boolean
-): Promise<NativeLlmCoreContent[]> {
-  const contents: NativeLlmCoreContent[] = [];
-
-  if (typeof message.content === 'string' && message.content.length) {
-    contents.push({ type: 'text', text: message.content });
-  }
-
-  if (!withAttachment || !Array.isArray(message.attachments)) return contents;
-
-  for (const entry of message.attachments) {
-    let attachmentUrl: string;
-    let mediaType: string;
-
-    if (typeof entry === 'string') {
-      attachmentUrl = entry;
-      mediaType =
-        typeof message.params?.mimetype === 'string'
-          ? message.params.mimetype
-          : await inferMimeType(entry);
-    } else {
-      attachmentUrl = entry.attachment;
-      mediaType = entry.mimeType;
-    }
-
-    if (!SIMPLE_IMAGE_URL_REGEX.test(attachmentUrl)) continue;
-    if (!mediaType.startsWith('image/')) continue;
-
-    contents.push({ type: 'image', source: { url: attachmentUrl } });
-  }
-
-  return contents;
-}
-
-export async function buildNativeRequest({
-  model,
-  messages,
-  options = {},
-  tools = {},
-  withAttachment = true,
-  include,
-  reasoning,
-  middleware,
-}: BuildNativeRequestOptions): Promise<BuildNativeRequestResult> {
-  const copiedMessages = messages.map(message => ({
-    ...message,
-    attachments: message.attachments
-      ? [...message.attachments]
-      : message.attachments,
-  }));
-
-  const systemMessage =
-    copiedMessages[0]?.role === 'system' ? copiedMessages.shift() : undefined;
-  const schema =
-    systemMessage?.params?.schema instanceof ZodType
-      ? systemMessage.params.schema
-      : undefined;
-
-  const coreMessages: NativeLlmCoreMessage[] = [];
-  if (systemMessage?.content?.length) {
-    coreMessages.push({
-      role: 'system',
-      content: [{ type: 'text', text: systemMessage.content }],
-    });
-  }
-
-  for (const message of copiedMessages) {
-    if (message.role === 'system') continue;
-    const content = await toCoreContents(message, withAttachment);
-    coreMessages.push({ role: roleToCore(message.role), content });
-  }
-
-  return {
-    request: {
-      model,
-      stream: true,
-      messages: coreMessages,
-      max_tokens: options.maxTokens ?? undefined,
-      temperature: options.temperature ?? undefined,
-      tools: ToolSchemaExtractor.extract(tools),
-      tool_choice: Object.keys(tools).length ? 'auto' : undefined,
-      include,
-      reasoning,
-      middleware: middleware?.rust
-        ? { request: middleware.rust.request, stream: middleware.rust.stream }
-        : undefined,
-    },
-    schema,
-  };
-}
-
-function ensureToolResultMeta(
-  event: Extract<NativeLlmStreamEvent, { type: 'tool_result' }>,
-  toolCalls: Map<string, ToolCallMeta>
-): NormalizedToolResultEvent | null {
-  const name = event.name ?? toolCalls.get(event.call_id)?.name;
-  const args = event.arguments ?? toolCalls.get(event.call_id)?.args;
-
-  if (!name || !args) return null;
-  return { ...event, name, arguments: args };
-}
-
-function pickAttachmentFootnote(value: unknown): AttachmentFootnote | null {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const record = value as Record<string, unknown>;
-  const blobId =
-    typeof record.blobId === 'string'
-      ? record.blobId
-      : typeof record.blob_id === 'string'
-        ? record.blob_id
-        : undefined;
-  const fileName =
-    typeof record.fileName === 'string'
-      ? record.fileName
-      : typeof record.name === 'string'
-        ? record.name
-        : undefined;
-  const fileType =
-    typeof record.fileType === 'string'
-      ? record.fileType
-      : typeof record.mimeType === 'string'
-        ? record.mimeType
-        : 'application/octet-stream';
-
-  if (!blobId || !fileName) {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  return { blobId, fileName, fileType };
-}
-
-function collectAttachmentFootnotes(
-  event: NormalizedToolResultEvent
-): AttachmentFootnote[] {
-  if (event.name === 'blob_read') {
-    const item = pickAttachmentFootnote(event.output);
-    return item ? [item] : [];
-  }
-
-  if (event.name === 'doc_semantic_search' && Array.isArray(event.output)) {
-    return event.output
-      .map(item => pickAttachmentFootnote(item))
-      .filter((item): item is AttachmentFootnote => item !== null);
-  }
-
-  return [];
-}
-
-function formatAttachmentFootnotes(attachments: AttachmentFootnote[]) {
-  const references = attachments.map((_, index) => `[^${index + 1}]`).join('');
-  const definitions = attachments
-    .map((attachment, index) => {
-      return `[^${index + 1}]: ${JSON.stringify({
-        type: 'attachment',
-        blobId: attachment.blobId,
-        fileName: attachment.fileName,
-        fileType: attachment.fileType,
-      })}`;
-    })
-    .join('\n');
-
-  return `\n\n${references}\n\n${definitions}`;
-}
-
-export class NativeProviderAdapter {
-  readonly #loop: ToolCallLoop;
-  readonly #enableCallout: boolean;
-  readonly #enableCitationFootnote: boolean;
-
-  constructor(
-    dispatch: NativeDispatchFn,
-    tools: ToolSet,
-    maxSteps = 20,
-    options: NativeProviderAdapterOptions = {}
-  ) {
-    this.#loop = new ToolCallLoop(dispatch, tools, maxSteps);
-    const enabledNodeTextMiddlewares = new Set(
-      options.nodeTextMiddleware ?? ['citation_footnote', 'callout']
-    );
-    this.#enableCallout =
-      enabledNodeTextMiddlewares.has('callout') ||
-      enabledNodeTextMiddlewares.has('thinking_format');
-    this.#enableCitationFootnote =
-      enabledNodeTextMiddlewares.has('citation_footnote');
-  }
-
-  async text(request: NativeLlmRequest, signal?: AbortSignal) {
-    let output = '';
-    for await (const chunk of this.streamText(request, signal)) {
-      output += chunk;
-    }
-    return output.trim();
-  }
-
-  async *streamText(
-    request: NativeLlmRequest,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ): AsyncIterableIterator<string> {
-    const textParser = this.#enableCallout ? new TextStreamParser() : null;
-    const citationFormatter = this.#enableCitationFootnote
-      ? new CitationFootnoteFormatter()
-      : null;
-    const toolCalls = new Map<string, ToolCallMeta>();
-    let streamPartId = 0;
-
-    for await (const event of this.#loop.run(request, signal)) {
-      switch (event.type) {
-        case 'text_delta': {
-          if (textParser) {
-            yield textParser.parse({
-              type: 'text-delta',
-              id: String(streamPartId++),
-              text: event.text,
-            });
-          } else {
-            yield event.text;
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'reasoning_delta': {
-          if (textParser) {
-            yield textParser.parse({
-              type: 'reasoning-delta',
-              id: String(streamPartId++),
-              text: event.text,
-            });
-          } else {
-            yield event.text;
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'tool_call': {
-          const toolCall = {
-            name: event.name,
-            args: event.arguments,
-          };
-          toolCalls.set(event.call_id, toolCall);
-          if (textParser) {
-            yield textParser.parse({
-              type: 'tool-call',
-              toolCallId: event.call_id,
-              toolName: event.name as never,
-              input: event.arguments,
-            });
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'tool_result': {
-          const normalized = ensureToolResultMeta(event, toolCalls);
-          if (!normalized || !textParser) {
-            break;
-          }
-          yield textParser.parse({
-            type: 'tool-result',
-            toolCallId: normalized.call_id,
-            toolName: normalized.name as never,
-            input: normalized.arguments,
-            output: normalized.output,
-          });
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'citation': {
-          if (citationFormatter) {
-            citationFormatter.consume({
-              type: 'citation',
-              index: event.index,
-              url: event.url,
-            });
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'done': {
-          const footnotes = textParser?.end() ?? '';
-          const citations = citationFormatter?.end() ?? '';
-          const tails = [citations, footnotes].filter(Boolean).join('\n');
-          if (tails) {
-            yield `\n${tails}`;
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'error': {
-          throw new Error(event.message);
-        }
-        default:
-          break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  async *streamObject(
-    request: NativeLlmRequest,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ): AsyncIterableIterator<StreamObject> {
-    const toolCalls = new Map<string, ToolCallMeta>();
-    const citationFormatter = this.#enableCitationFootnote
-      ? new CitationFootnoteFormatter()
-      : null;
-    const fallbackAttachmentFootnotes = new Map<string, AttachmentFootnote>();
-    let hasFootnoteReference = false;
-
-    for await (const event of this.#loop.run(request, signal)) {
-      switch (event.type) {
-        case 'text_delta': {
-          if (event.text.includes('[^')) {
-            hasFootnoteReference = true;
-          }
-          yield {
-            type: 'text-delta',
-            textDelta: event.text,
-          };
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'reasoning_delta': {
-          yield {
-            type: 'reasoning',
-            textDelta: event.text,
-          };
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'tool_call': {
-          const toolCall = {
-            name: event.name,
-            args: event.arguments,
-          };
-          toolCalls.set(event.call_id, toolCall);
-          yield {
-            type: 'tool-call',
-            toolCallId: event.call_id,
-            toolName: event.name,
-            args: event.arguments,
-          };
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'tool_result': {
-          const normalized = ensureToolResultMeta(event, toolCalls);
-          if (!normalized) {
-            break;
-          }
-          const attachments = collectAttachmentFootnotes(normalized);
-          attachments.forEach(attachment => {
-            fallbackAttachmentFootnotes.set(attachment.blobId, attachment);
-          });
-          yield {
-            type: 'tool-result',
-            toolCallId: normalized.call_id,
-            toolName: normalized.name,
-            args: normalized.arguments,
-            result: normalized.output,
-          };
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'citation': {
-          if (citationFormatter) {
-            citationFormatter.consume({
-              type: 'citation',
-              index: event.index,
-              url: event.url,
-            });
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'done': {
-          const citations = citationFormatter?.end() ?? '';
-          if (citations) {
-            hasFootnoteReference = true;
-            yield {
-              type: 'text-delta',
-              textDelta: `\n${citations}`,
-            };
-          }
-          if (!hasFootnoteReference && fallbackAttachmentFootnotes.size > 0) {
-            yield {
-              type: 'text-delta',
-              textDelta: formatAttachmentFootnotes(
-                Array.from(fallbackAttachmentFootnotes.values())
-              ),
-            };
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'error': {
-          throw new Error(event.message);
-        }
-        default:
-          break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
@@ -1,35 +1,53 @@
-import type { Tool, ToolSet } from 'ai';
+import {
+  createOpenAI,
+  openai,
+  type OpenAIProvider as VercelOpenAIProvider,
+  OpenAIResponsesProviderOptions,
+} from '@ai-sdk/openai';
+import {
+  createOpenAICompatible,
+  type OpenAICompatibleProvider as VercelOpenAICompatibleProvider,
+} from '@ai-sdk/openai-compatible';
+import {
+  AISDKError,
+  embedMany,
+  experimental_generateImage as generateImage,
+  generateObject,
+  generateText,
+  stepCountIs,
+  streamText,
+  Tool,
+} from 'ai';
 import { z } from 'zod';

 import {
  CopilotPromptInvalid,
+  CopilotProviderNotSupported,
  CopilotProviderSideError,
+  fetchBuffer,
  metrics,
  OneMB,
-  readResponseBufferWithLimit,
-  safeFetch,
  UserFriendlyError,
 } from '../../../base';
-import {
-  llmDispatchStream,
-  type NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  type NativeLlmRequest,
-} from '../../../native';
-import type { NodeTextMiddleware } from '../config';
-import { buildNativeRequest, NativeProviderAdapter } from './native';
 import { CopilotProvider } from './provider';
 import type {
  CopilotChatOptions,
  CopilotChatTools,
  CopilotEmbeddingOptions,
  CopilotImageOptions,
+  CopilotProviderModel,
  CopilotStructuredOptions,
  ModelConditions,
  PromptMessage,
  StreamObject,
 } from './types';
 import { CopilotProviderType, ModelInputType, ModelOutputType } from './types';
-import { chatToGPTMessage } from './utils';
+import {
+  chatToGPTMessage,
+  CitationParser,
+  StreamObjectParser,
+  TextStreamParser,
+} from './utils';

 export const DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS = 256;

@@ -45,12 +63,7 @@ const ModelListSchema = z.object({

 const ImageResponseSchema = z.union([
  z.object({
-    data: z.array(
-      z.object({
-        b64_json: z.string().optional(),
-        url: z.string().optional(),
-      })
-    ),
+    data: z.array(z.object({ b64_json: z.string() })),
  }),
  z.object({
    error: z.object({
@@ -74,38 +87,6 @@ const LogProbsSchema = z.array(
  })
 );

-const TRUSTED_ATTACHMENT_HOST_SUFFIXES = ['cdn.affine.pro'];
-
-function normalizeImageFormatToMime(format?: string) {
-  switch (format?.toLowerCase()) {
-    case 'jpg':
-    case 'jpeg':
-      return 'image/jpeg';
-    case 'webp':
-      return 'image/webp';
-    case 'png':
-      return 'image/png';
-    case 'gif':
-      return 'image/gif';
-    default:
-      return 'image/png';
-  }
-}
-
-function normalizeImageResponseData(
-  data: { b64_json?: string; url?: string }[],
-  mimeType: string = 'image/png'
-) {
-  return data
-    .map(image => {
-      if (image.b64_json) {
-        return `data:${mimeType};base64,${image.b64_json}`;
-      }
-      return image.url;
-    })
-    .filter((value): value is string => typeof value === 'string');
-}
-
 export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
  readonly type = CopilotProviderType.OpenAI;

@@ -338,23 +319,53 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    },
  ];

+  #instance!: VercelOpenAIProvider | VercelOpenAICompatibleProvider;
+
  override configured(): boolean {
    return !!this.config.apiKey;
  }

  protected override setup() {
    super.setup();
+    this.#instance =
+      this.config.oldApiStyle && this.config.baseURL
+        ? createOpenAICompatible({
+            name: 'openai-compatible-old-style',
+            apiKey: this.config.apiKey,
+            baseURL: this.config.baseURL,
+          })
+        : createOpenAI({
+            apiKey: this.config.apiKey,
+            baseURL: this.config.baseURL,
+          });
  }

-  private handleError(e: any) {
+  private handleError(
+    e: any,
+    model: string,
+    options: CopilotImageOptions = {}
+  ) {
    if (e instanceof UserFriendlyError) {
      return e;
+    } else if (e instanceof AISDKError) {
+      if (e.message.includes('safety') || e.message.includes('risk')) {
+        metrics.ai
+          .counter('chat_text_risk_errors')
+          .add(1, { model, user: options.user || undefined });
+      }
+
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: e.name || 'unknown',
+        message: e.message,
+      });
+    } else {
+      return new CopilotProviderSideError({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: 'unexpected_response',
+        message: e?.message || 'Unexpected openai response',
+      });
    }
-    return new CopilotProviderSideError({
-      provider: this.type,
-      kind: 'unexpected_response',
-      message: e?.message || 'Unexpected openai response',
-    });
  }

  override async refreshOnlineModels() {
@@ -378,50 +389,20 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {

  override getProviderSpecificTools(
    toolName: CopilotChatTools,
-    _model: string
+    model: string
  ): [string, Tool?] | undefined {
-    if (toolName === 'docEdit') {
+    if (
+      toolName === 'webSearch' &&
+      'responses' in this.#instance &&
+      !this.isReasoningModel(model)
+    ) {
+      return ['web_search_preview', openai.tools.webSearch({})];
+    } else if (toolName === 'docEdit') {
      return ['doc_edit', undefined];
    }
    return;
  }

-  private createNativeConfig(): NativeLlmBackendConfig {
-    const baseUrl = this.config.baseURL || 'https://api.openai.com/v1';
-    return {
-      base_url: baseUrl.replace(/\/v1\/?$/, ''),
-      auth_token: this.config.apiKey,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private createNativeAdapter(
-    tools: ToolSet,
-    nodeTextMiddleware?: NodeTextMiddleware[]
-  ) {
-    return new NativeProviderAdapter(
-      (request: NativeLlmRequest, signal?: AbortSignal) =>
-        llmDispatchStream(
-          this.config.oldApiStyle ? 'openai_chat' : 'openai_responses',
-          this.createNativeConfig(),
-          request,
-          signal
-        ),
-      tools,
-      this.MAX_STEPS,
-      { nodeTextMiddleware }
-    );
-  }
-
-  private getReasoning(
-    options: NonNullable<CopilotChatOptions>,
-    model: string
-  ): Record<string, unknown> | undefined {
-    if (options.reasoning && this.isReasoningModel(model)) {
-      return { effort: 'medium' };
-    }
-    return undefined;
-  }
-
  async text(
    cond: ModelConditions,
    messages: PromptMessage[],
@@ -432,25 +413,33 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        include: options.webSearch ? ['citations'] : undefined,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
+
+      const modelInstance =
+        'responses' in this.#instance
+          ? this.#instance.responses(model.id)
+          : this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const { text } = await generateText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        temperature: options.temperature ?? 0,
+        maxOutputTokens: options.maxTokens ?? 4096,
+        providerOptions: {
+          openai: this.getOpenAIOptions(options, model.id),
+        },
+        tools: await this.getTools(options, model.id),
+        stopWhen: stepCountIs(this.MAX_STEPS),
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      return await adapter.text(request, options.signal);
+
+      return text.trim();
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

@@ -467,29 +456,38 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        include: options.webSearch ? ['citations'] : undefined,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
-      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      const fullStream = await this.getFullStream(model, messages, options);
+      const citationParser = new CitationParser();
+      const textParser = new TextStreamParser();
+      for await (const chunk of fullStream) {
+        switch (chunk.type) {
+          case 'text-delta': {
+            let result = textParser.parse(chunk);
+            result = citationParser.parse(result);
+            yield result;
+            break;
+          }
+          case 'finish': {
+            const footnotes = textParser.end();
+            const result =
+              citationParser.end() + (footnotes.length ? '\n' + footnotes : '');
+            yield result;
+            break;
+          }
+          default: {
+            yield textParser.parse(chunk);
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (options.signal?.aborted) {
+          await fullStream.cancel();
+          break;
+        }
      }
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

@@ -505,27 +503,24 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    try {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('chat_object_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        include: options.webSearch ? ['citations'] : undefined,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
-      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamObject(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+        .add(1, { model: model.id });
+      const fullStream = await this.getFullStream(model, messages, options);
+      const parser = new StreamObjectParser();
+      for await (const chunk of fullStream) {
+        const result = parser.parse(chunk);
+        if (result) {
+          yield result;
+        }
+        if (options.signal?.aborted) {
+          await fullStream.cancel();
+          break;
+        }
      }
    } catch (e: any) {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('chat_object_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+        .add(1, { model: model.id });
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

@@ -540,27 +535,35 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {

    try {
      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });
-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request, schema } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        reasoning: this.getReasoning(options, model.id),
-        middleware,
-      });
+
+      const [system, msgs, schema] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
      if (!schema) {
        throw new CopilotPromptInvalid('Schema is required');
      }
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      const text = await adapter.text(request, options.signal);
-      const parsed = JSON.parse(text);
-      const validated = schema.parse(parsed);
-      return JSON.stringify(validated);
+
+      const modelInstance =
+        'responses' in this.#instance
+          ? this.#instance.responses(model.id)
+          : this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const { object } = await generateObject({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        temperature: options.temperature ?? 0,
+        maxOutputTokens: options.maxTokens ?? 4096,
+        maxRetries: options.maxRetries ?? 3,
+        schema,
+        providerOptions: {
+          openai: options.user ? { user: options.user } : {},
+        },
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
+      });
+
+      return JSON.stringify(object);
    } catch (e: any) {
      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

@@ -572,32 +575,36 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    const fullCond = { ...cond, outputType: ModelOutputType.Text };
    await this.checkParams({ messages: [], cond: fullCond, options });
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);
+    // get the log probability of "yes"/"no"
+    const instance =
+      'chat' in this.#instance
+        ? this.#instance.chat(model.id)
+        : this.#instance(model.id);

    const scores = await Promise.all(
      chunkMessages.map(async messages => {
        const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
-        const response = await this.requestOpenAIJson(
-          '/chat/completions',
-          {
-            model: model.id,
-            messages: this.toOpenAIChatMessages(system, msgs),
-            temperature: 0,
-            max_tokens: 16,
-            logprobs: true,
-            top_logprobs: 16,
+
+        const result = await generateText({
+          model: instance,
+          system,
+          messages: msgs,
+          temperature: 0,
+          maxOutputTokens: 16,
+          providerOptions: {
+            openai: {
+              ...this.getOpenAIOptions(options, model.id),
+              logprobs: 16,
+            },
          },
-          options.signal
-        );
+          abortSignal: options.signal,
+        });

-        const logprobs = response?.choices?.[0]?.logprobs?.content;
-        if (!Array.isArray(logprobs) || logprobs.length === 0) {
-          return 0;
-        }
-
-        const parsedLogprobs = LogProbsSchema.parse(logprobs);
-        const topMap = parsedLogprobs[0].top_logprobs.reduce(
+        const topMap: Record<string, number> = LogProbsSchema.parse(
+          result.providerMetadata?.openai?.logprobs
+        )[0].top_logprobs.reduce<Record<string, number>>(
          (acc, { token, logprob }) => ({ ...acc, [token]: logprob }),
-          {} as Record<string, number>
+          {}
        );

        const findLogProb = (token: string): number => {
@@ -627,212 +634,50 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    return scores;
  }

+  private async getFullStream(
+    model: CopilotProviderModel,
+    messages: PromptMessage[],
+    options: CopilotChatOptions = {}
+  ) {
+    const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages);
+    const modelInstance =
+      'responses' in this.#instance
+        ? this.#instance.responses(model.id)
+        : this.#instance(model.id);
+    const { fullStream } = streamText({
+      model: modelInstance,
+      system,
+      messages: msgs,
+      frequencyPenalty: options.frequencyPenalty ?? 0,
+      presencePenalty: options.presencePenalty ?? 0,
+      temperature: options.temperature ?? 0,
+      maxOutputTokens: options.maxTokens ?? 4096,
+      providerOptions: {
+        openai: this.getOpenAIOptions(options, model.id),
+      },
+      tools: await this.getTools(options, model.id),
+      stopWhen: stepCountIs(this.MAX_STEPS),
+      abortSignal: options.signal,
+    });
+    return fullStream;
+  }
+
  // ====== text to image ======
-  private buildImageFetchOptions(url: URL) {
-    const baseOptions = { timeoutMs: 15_000, maxRedirects: 3 } as const;
-    const trustedOrigins = new Set<string>();
-    const protocol = this.AFFiNEConfig.server.https ? 'https:' : 'http:';
-    const port = this.AFFiNEConfig.server.port;
-    const isDefaultPort =
-      (protocol === 'https:' && port === 443) ||
-      (protocol === 'http:' && port === 80);
-
-    const addHostOrigin = (host: string) => {
-      if (!host) return;
-      try {
-        const parsed = new URL(`${protocol}//${host}`);
-        if (!parsed.port && !isDefaultPort) {
-          parsed.port = String(port);
-        }
-        trustedOrigins.add(parsed.origin);
-      } catch {
-        // ignore invalid host config entries
-      }
-    };
-
-    if (this.AFFiNEConfig.server.externalUrl) {
-      try {
-        trustedOrigins.add(
-          new URL(this.AFFiNEConfig.server.externalUrl).origin
-        );
-      } catch {
-        // ignore invalid external URL
-      }
-    }
-
-    addHostOrigin(this.AFFiNEConfig.server.host);
-    for (const host of this.AFFiNEConfig.server.hosts) {
-      addHostOrigin(host);
-    }
-
-    const hostname = url.hostname.toLowerCase();
-    const trustedByHost = TRUSTED_ATTACHMENT_HOST_SUFFIXES.some(
-      suffix => hostname === suffix || hostname.endsWith(`.${suffix}`)
-    );
-    if (trustedOrigins.has(url.origin) || trustedByHost) {
-      return { ...baseOptions, allowPrivateOrigins: new Set([url.origin]) };
-    }
-
-    return baseOptions;
-  }
-
-  private redactUrl(raw: string | URL): string {
-    try {
-      const parsed = raw instanceof URL ? raw : new URL(raw);
-      if (parsed.protocol === 'data:') return 'data:[redacted]';
-      const segments = parsed.pathname.split('/').filter(Boolean);
-      const redactedPath =
-        segments.length <= 2
-          ? parsed.pathname || '/'
-          : `/${segments[0]}/${segments[1]}/...`;
-      return `${parsed.origin}${redactedPath}`;
-    } catch {
-      return '[invalid-url]';
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async fetchImage(
-    url: string,
-    maxBytes: number,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ): Promise<{ buffer: Buffer; type: string } | null> {
-    if (url.startsWith('data:')) {
-      let response: Response;
-      try {
-        response = await fetch(url, { signal });
-      } catch (error) {
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Skip image attachment data URL due to read failure: ${
-            error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-          }`
-        );
-        return null;
-      }
-
-      if (!response.ok) {
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Skip image attachment data URL due to invalid response: ${response.status}`
-        );
-        return null;
-      }
-
-      const type =
-        response.headers.get('content-type') || 'application/octet-stream';
-      if (!type.startsWith('image/')) {
-        await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Skip non-image attachment data URL with content-type ${type}`
-        );
-        return null;
-      }
-
-      try {
-        const buffer = await readResponseBufferWithLimit(response, maxBytes);
-        return { buffer, type };
-      } catch (error) {
-        this.logger.warn(
-          `Skip image attachment data URL due to read failure/size limit: ${
-            error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-          }`
-        );
-        return null;
-      }
-    }
-
-    let parsed: URL;
-    try {
-      parsed = new URL(url);
-    } catch {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip image attachment with invalid URL: ${this.redactUrl(url)}`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-    const redactedUrl = this.redactUrl(parsed);
-
-    if (parsed.protocol !== 'http:' && parsed.protocol !== 'https:') {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip image attachment with unsupported protocol: ${redactedUrl}`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    let response: Response;
-    try {
-      response = await safeFetch(
-        parsed,
-        { method: 'GET', signal },
-        this.buildImageFetchOptions(parsed)
-      );
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip image attachment due to blocked/unreachable URL: ${redactedUrl}, reason: ${
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-        }`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    if (!response.ok) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip image attachment fetch failure ${response.status}: ${redactedUrl}`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    const type =
-      response.headers.get('content-type') || 'application/octet-stream';
-    if (!type.startsWith('image/')) {
-      await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip non-image attachment with content-type ${type}: ${redactedUrl}`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    const contentLength = Number(response.headers.get('content-length'));
-    if (Number.isFinite(contentLength) && contentLength > maxBytes) {
-      await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => undefined);
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip oversized image attachment by content-length (${contentLength}): ${redactedUrl}`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    try {
-      const buffer = await readResponseBufferWithLimit(response, maxBytes);
-      return { buffer, type };
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        `Skip image attachment due to read failure/size limit: ${redactedUrl}, reason: ${
-          error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-        }`
-      );
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
-
  private async *generateImageWithAttachments(
    model: string,
    prompt: string,
-    attachments: NonNullable<PromptMessage['attachments']>,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
+    attachments: NonNullable<PromptMessage['attachments']>
  ): AsyncGenerator<string> {
    const form = new FormData();
-    const outputFormat = 'webp';
-    const maxBytes = 10 * OneMB;
    form.set('model', model);
    form.set('prompt', prompt);
-    form.set('output_format', outputFormat);
+    form.set('output_format', 'webp');

    for (const [idx, entry] of attachments.entries()) {
      const url = typeof entry === 'string' ? entry : entry.attachment;
      try {
-        const attachment = await this.fetchImage(url, maxBytes, signal);
-        if (!attachment) continue;
-        const { buffer, type } = attachment;
-        const extension = type.split(';')[0].split('/')[1] || 'png';
-        const file = new File([buffer], `${idx}.${extension}`, { type });
+        const { buffer, type } = await fetchBuffer(url, 10 * OneMB, 'image/');
+        const file = new File([buffer], `${idx}.png`, { type });
        form.append('image[]', file);
      } catch {
        continue;
@@ -858,24 +703,18 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {

    const json = await res.json();
    const imageResponse = ImageResponseSchema.safeParse(json);
-    if (!imageResponse.success) {
+    if (imageResponse.success) {
+      const data = imageResponse.data;
+      if ('error' in data) {
+        throw new Error(data.error.message);
+      } else {
+        for (const image of data.data) {
+          yield `data:image/webp;base64,${image.b64_json}`;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
      throw new Error(imageResponse.error.message);
    }
-    const data = imageResponse.data;
-    if ('error' in data) {
-      throw new Error(data.error.message);
-    }
-
-    const images = normalizeImageResponseData(
-      data.data,
-      normalizeImageFormatToMime(outputFormat)
-    );
-    if (!images.length) {
-      throw new Error('No images returned from OpenAI');
-    }
-    for (const image of images) {
-      yield image;
-    }
  }

  override async *streamImages(
@@ -887,6 +726,13 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    await this.checkParams({ messages, cond: fullCond, options });
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

+    if (!('image' in this.#instance)) {
+      throw new CopilotProviderNotSupported({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: 'image',
+      });
+    }
+
    metrics.ai
      .counter('generate_images_stream_calls')
      .add(1, { model: model.id });
@@ -896,27 +742,22 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {

    try {
      if (attachments && attachments.length > 0) {
-        yield* this.generateImageWithAttachments(
-          model.id,
-          prompt,
-          attachments,
-          options.signal
-        );
+        yield* this.generateImageWithAttachments(model.id, prompt, attachments);
      } else {
-        const response = await this.requestOpenAIJson('/images/generations', {
-          model: model.id,
+        const modelInstance = this.#instance.image(model.id);
+        const result = await generateImage({
+          model: modelInstance,
          prompt,
-          ...(options.quality ? { quality: options.quality } : {}),
+          providerOptions: {
+            openai: {
+              quality: options.quality || null,
+            },
+          },
        });
-        const imageResponse = ImageResponseSchema.parse(response);
-        if ('error' in imageResponse) {
-          throw new Error(imageResponse.error.message);
-        }

-        const imageUrls = normalizeImageResponseData(imageResponse.data);
-        if (!imageUrls.length) {
-          throw new Error('No images returned from OpenAI');
-        }
+        const imageUrls = result.images.map(
+          image => `data:image/png;base64,${image.base64}`
+        );

        for (const imageUrl of imageUrls) {
          yield imageUrl;
@@ -928,7 +769,7 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
      return;
    } catch (e: any) {
      metrics.ai.counter('generate_images_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

@@ -942,85 +783,51 @@ export class OpenAIProvider extends CopilotProvider<OpenAIConfig> {
    await this.checkParams({ embeddings: messages, cond: fullCond, options });
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

+    if (!('embedding' in this.#instance)) {
+      throw new CopilotProviderNotSupported({
+        provider: this.type,
+        kind: 'embedding',
+      });
+    }
+
    try {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('generate_embedding_calls')
        .add(1, { model: model.id });
-      const response = await this.requestOpenAIJson('/embeddings', {
-        model: model.id,
-        input: messages,
-        dimensions: options.dimensions || DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS,
+
+      const modelInstance = this.#instance.embedding(model.id);
+
+      const { embeddings } = await embedMany({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        values: messages,
+        providerOptions: {
+          openai: {
+            dimensions: options.dimensions || DEFAULT_DIMENSIONS,
+          },
+        },
      });
-      const data = Array.isArray(response?.data) ? response.data : [];
-      return data
-        .map((item: any) => item?.embedding)
-        .filter((embedding: unknown) => Array.isArray(embedding)) as number[][];
+
+      return embeddings.filter(v => v && Array.isArray(v));
    } catch (e: any) {
      metrics.ai
        .counter('generate_embedding_errors')
        .add(1, { model: model.id });
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+      throw this.handleError(e, model.id, options);
    }
  }

-  private toOpenAIChatMessages(
-    system: string | undefined,
-    messages: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof chatToGPTMessage>>[1]
-  ) {
-    const result: Array<{ role: string; content: string }> = [];
-    if (system) {
-      result.push({ role: 'system', content: system });
+  private getOpenAIOptions(options: CopilotChatOptions, model: string) {
+    const result: OpenAIResponsesProviderOptions = {};
+    if (options?.reasoning && this.isReasoningModel(model)) {
+      result.reasoningEffort = 'medium';
+      result.reasoningSummary = 'detailed';
    }
-
-    for (const message of messages) {
-      if (typeof message.content === 'string') {
-        result.push({ role: message.role, content: message.content });
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      const text = message.content
-        .filter(
-          part =>
-            part &&
-            typeof part === 'object' &&
-            'type' in part &&
-            part.type === 'text' &&
-            'text' in part
-        )
-        .map(part => String((part as { text: string }).text))
-        .join('\n');
-
-      result.push({ role: message.role, content: text || '[no content]' });
+    if (options?.user) {
+      result.user = options.user;
    }
-
    return result;
  }

-  private async requestOpenAIJson(
-    path: string,
-    body: Record<string, unknown>,
-    signal?: AbortSignal
-  ): Promise<any> {
-    const baseUrl = this.config.baseURL || 'https://api.openai.com/v1';
-    const response = await fetch(`${baseUrl}${path}`, {
-      method: 'POST',
-      headers: {
-        Authorization: `Bearer ${this.config.apiKey}`,
-        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-      },
-      body: JSON.stringify(body),
-      signal,
-    });
-
-    if (!response.ok) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `OpenAI API error ${response.status}: ${await response.text()}`
-      );
-    }
-
-    return await response.json();
-  }
-
  private isReasoningModel(model: string) {
    // o series reasoning models
    return model.startsWith('o') || model.startsWith('gpt-5');
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-import type { ToolSet } from 'ai';
+import {
+  createPerplexity,
+  type PerplexityProvider as VercelPerplexityProvider,
+} from '@ai-sdk/perplexity';
+import { generateText, streamText } from 'ai';
+import { z } from 'zod';

 import { CopilotProviderSideError, metrics } from '../../../base';
-import {
-  llmDispatchStream,
-  type NativeLlmBackendConfig,
-  type NativeLlmRequest,
-} from '../../../native';
-import type { NodeTextMiddleware } from '../config';
-import { buildNativeRequest, NativeProviderAdapter } from './native';
 import { CopilotProvider } from './provider';
 import {
  CopilotChatOptions,
@@ -17,12 +15,34 @@ import {
  ModelOutputType,
  PromptMessage,
 } from './types';
+import { chatToGPTMessage, CitationParser } from './utils';

 export type PerplexityConfig = {
  apiKey: string;
  endpoint?: string;
 };

+const PerplexityErrorSchema = z.union([
+  z.object({
+    detail: z.array(
+      z.object({
+        loc: z.array(z.string()),
+        msg: z.string(),
+        type: z.string(),
+      })
+    ),
+  }),
+  z.object({
+    error: z.object({
+      message: z.string(),
+      type: z.string(),
+      code: z.number(),
+    }),
+  }),
+]);
+
+type PerplexityError = z.infer<typeof PerplexityErrorSchema>;
+
 export class PerplexityProvider extends CopilotProvider<PerplexityConfig> {
  readonly type = CopilotProviderType.Perplexity;

@@ -70,38 +90,18 @@ export class PerplexityProvider extends CopilotProvider<PerplexityConfig> {
    },
  ];

+  #instance!: VercelPerplexityProvider;
+
  override configured(): boolean {
    return !!this.config.apiKey;
  }

  protected override setup() {
    super.setup();
-  }
-
-  private createNativeConfig(): NativeLlmBackendConfig {
-    const baseUrl = this.config.endpoint || 'https://api.perplexity.ai';
-    return {
-      base_url: baseUrl.replace(/\/v1\/?$/, ''),
-      auth_token: this.config.apiKey,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private createNativeAdapter(
-    tools: ToolSet,
-    nodeTextMiddleware?: NodeTextMiddleware[]
-  ) {
-    return new NativeProviderAdapter(
-      (request: NativeLlmRequest, signal?: AbortSignal) =>
-        llmDispatchStream(
-          'openai_chat',
-          this.createNativeConfig(),
-          request,
-          signal
-        ),
-      tools,
-      this.MAX_STEPS,
-      { nodeTextMiddleware }
-    );
+    this.#instance = createPerplexity({
+      apiKey: this.config.apiKey,
+      baseURL: this.config.endpoint,
+    });
  }

  async text(
@@ -114,25 +114,32 @@ export class PerplexityProvider extends CopilotProvider<PerplexityConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });

-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        withAttachment: false,
-        include: ['citations'],
-        middleware,
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages, false);
+
+      const modelInstance = this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const { text, sources } = await generateText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        temperature: options.temperature ?? 0,
+        maxOutputTokens: options.maxTokens ?? 4096,
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      return await adapter.text(request, options.signal);
+
+      const parser = new CitationParser();
+      for (const source of sources.filter(s => s.sourceType === 'url')) {
+        parser.push(source.url);
+      }
+
+      let result = text.replaceAll(/<\/?think>\n/g, '\n---\n');
+      result = parser.parse(result);
+      result += parser.end();
+      return result;
    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
      throw this.handleError(e);
    }
  }
@@ -147,33 +154,79 @@ export class PerplexityProvider extends CopilotProvider<PerplexityConfig> {
    const model = this.selectModel(fullCond);

    try {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_calls')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_calls').add(1, { model: model.id });

-      const tools = await this.getTools(options, model.id);
-      const middleware = this.getActiveProviderMiddleware();
-      const { request } = await buildNativeRequest({
-        model: model.id,
-        messages,
-        options,
-        tools,
-        withAttachment: false,
-        include: ['citations'],
-        middleware,
+      const [system, msgs] = await chatToGPTMessage(messages, false);
+
+      const modelInstance = this.#instance(model.id);
+
+      const stream = streamText({
+        model: modelInstance,
+        system,
+        messages: msgs,
+        temperature: options.temperature ?? 0,
+        maxOutputTokens: options.maxTokens ?? 4096,
+        abortSignal: options.signal,
      });
-      const adapter = this.createNativeAdapter(tools, middleware.node?.text);
-      for await (const chunk of adapter.streamText(request, options.signal)) {
-        yield chunk;
+
+      const parser = new CitationParser();
+      for await (const chunk of stream.fullStream) {
+        switch (chunk.type) {
+          case 'source': {
+            if (chunk.sourceType === 'url') {
+              parser.push(chunk.url);
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+          case 'text-delta': {
+            const text = chunk.text.replaceAll(/<\/?think>\n?/g, '\n---\n');
+            const result = parser.parse(text);
+            yield result;
+            break;
+          }
+          case 'finish-step': {
+            const result = parser.end();
+            yield result;
+            break;
+          }
+          case 'error': {
+            const json =
+              typeof chunk.error === 'string'
+                ? JSON.parse(chunk.error)
+                : chunk.error;
+            if (json && typeof json === 'object') {
+              const data = PerplexityErrorSchema.parse(json);
+              if ('detail' in data || 'error' in data) {
+                throw this.convertError(data);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
      }
-    } catch (e: any) {
-      metrics.ai
-        .counter('chat_text_stream_errors')
-        .add(1, this.metricLabels(model.id));
-      throw this.handleError(e);
+    } catch (e) {
+      metrics.ai.counter('chat_text_stream_errors').add(1, { model: model.id });
+      throw e;
    }
  }

+  private convertError(e: PerplexityError) {
+    function getErrMessage(e: PerplexityError) {
+      let err = 'Unexpected perplexity response';
+      if ('detail' in e) {
+        err = e.detail[0].msg || err;
+      } else if ('error' in e) {
+        err = e.error.message || err;
+      }
+      return err;
+    }
+
+    throw new CopilotProviderSideError({
+      provider: this.type,
+      kind: 'unexpected_response',
+      message: getErrMessage(e),
+    });
+  }
+
  private handleError(e: any) {
    if (e instanceof CopilotProviderSideError) {
      return e;
@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-import type { ProviderMiddlewareConfig } from '../config';
-import { CopilotProviderType } from './types';
-
-const DEFAULT_MIDDLEWARE_BY_TYPE: Record<
-  CopilotProviderType,
-  ProviderMiddlewareConfig
-> = {
-  [CopilotProviderType.OpenAI]: {
-    rust: {
-      request: ['normalize_messages'],
-      stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: ['citation_footnote', 'callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.Anthropic]: {
-    rust: {
-      request: ['normalize_messages', 'tool_schema_rewrite'],
-      stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: ['citation_footnote', 'callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.AnthropicVertex]: {
-    rust: {
-      request: ['normalize_messages', 'tool_schema_rewrite'],
-      stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: ['citation_footnote', 'callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.Morph]: {
-    rust: {
-      request: ['clamp_max_tokens'],
-      stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: ['citation_footnote', 'callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.Perplexity]: {
-    rust: {
-      request: ['clamp_max_tokens'],
-      stream: ['stream_event_normalize', 'citation_indexing'],
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: ['citation_footnote', 'callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.Gemini]: {
-    node: {
-      text: ['callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.GeminiVertex]: {
-    node: {
-      text: ['callout'],
-    },
-  },
-  [CopilotProviderType.FAL]: {},
-};
-
-function unique<T>(items: T[]) {
-  return [...new Set(items)];
-}
-
-function mergeArray<T>(base: T[] | undefined, override: T[] | undefined) {
-  if (!base?.length && !override?.length) {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-  return unique([...(base ?? []), ...(override ?? [])]);
-}
-
-export function mergeProviderMiddleware(
-  defaults: ProviderMiddlewareConfig,
-  override?: ProviderMiddlewareConfig
-): ProviderMiddlewareConfig {
-  return {
-    rust: {
-      request: mergeArray(defaults.rust?.request, override?.rust?.request),
-      stream: mergeArray(defaults.rust?.stream, override?.rust?.stream),
-    },
-    node: {
-      text: mergeArray(defaults.node?.text, override?.node?.text),
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-export function resolveProviderMiddleware(
-  type: CopilotProviderType,
-  override?: ProviderMiddlewareConfig
-): ProviderMiddlewareConfig {
-  const defaults = DEFAULT_MIDDLEWARE_BY_TYPE[type] ?? {};
-  return mergeProviderMiddleware(defaults, override);
-}
@@ -1,273 +0,0 @@
-import type {
-  CopilotProviderConfigMap,
-  CopilotProviderDefaults,
-  CopilotProviderProfile,
-  ProviderMiddlewareConfig,
-} from '../config';
-import { resolveProviderMiddleware } from './provider-middleware';
-import { CopilotProviderType, type ModelOutputType } from './types';
-
-const PROVIDER_ID_PATTERN = /^[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+$/;
-
-const LEGACY_PROVIDER_ORDER: CopilotProviderType[] = [
-  CopilotProviderType.OpenAI,
-  CopilotProviderType.FAL,
-  CopilotProviderType.Gemini,
-  CopilotProviderType.GeminiVertex,
-  CopilotProviderType.Perplexity,
-  CopilotProviderType.Anthropic,
-  CopilotProviderType.AnthropicVertex,
-  CopilotProviderType.Morph,
-];
-
-const LEGACY_PROVIDER_PRIORITY = LEGACY_PROVIDER_ORDER.reduce(
-  (acc, type, index) => {
-    acc[type] = LEGACY_PROVIDER_ORDER.length - index;
-    return acc;
-  },
-  {} as Record<CopilotProviderType, number>
-);
-
-type LegacyProvidersConfig = Partial<
-  Record<CopilotProviderType, CopilotProviderConfigMap[CopilotProviderType]>
->;
-
-export type CopilotProvidersConfigInput = LegacyProvidersConfig & {
-  profiles?: CopilotProviderProfile[] | null;
-  defaults?: CopilotProviderDefaults | null;
-};
-
-export type NormalizedCopilotProviderProfile = Omit<
-  CopilotProviderProfile,
-  'enabled' | 'priority' | 'middleware'
-> & {
-  enabled: boolean;
-  priority: number;
-  middleware: ProviderMiddlewareConfig;
-};
-
-export type CopilotProviderRegistry = {
-  profiles: Map<string, NormalizedCopilotProviderProfile>;
-  defaults: CopilotProviderDefaults;
-  order: string[];
-  byType: Map<CopilotProviderType, string[]>;
-};
-
-export type ResolveModelResult = {
-  rawModelId?: string;
-  modelId?: string;
-  explicitProviderId?: string;
-  candidateProviderIds: string[];
-};
-
-type ResolveModelOptions = {
-  registry: CopilotProviderRegistry;
-  modelId?: string;
-  outputType?: ModelOutputType;
-  availableProviderIds?: Iterable<string>;
-  preferredProviderIds?: Iterable<string>;
-};
-
-function unique<T>(list: T[]): T[] {
-  return [...new Set(list)];
-}
-
-function asArray<T>(iter?: Iterable<T>): T[] {
-  return iter ? Array.from(iter) : [];
-}
-
-function parseModelPrefix(
-  registry: CopilotProviderRegistry,
-  modelId: string
-): { providerId: string; modelId?: string } | null {
-  const index = modelId.indexOf('/');
-  if (index <= 0) {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const providerId = modelId.slice(0, index);
-  if (!registry.profiles.has(providerId)) {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const model = modelId.slice(index + 1);
-  return { providerId, modelId: model || undefined };
-}
-
-function normalizeProfile(
-  profile: CopilotProviderProfile
-): NormalizedCopilotProviderProfile {
-  return {
-    ...profile,
-    enabled: profile.enabled !== false,
-    priority: profile.priority ?? 0,
-    middleware: resolveProviderMiddleware(profile.type, profile.middleware),
-  };
-}
-
-function toLegacyProfiles(
-  config: CopilotProvidersConfigInput
-): CopilotProviderProfile[] {
-  const legacyProfiles: CopilotProviderProfile[] = [];
-  for (const type of LEGACY_PROVIDER_ORDER) {
-    const legacyConfig = config[type];
-    if (!legacyConfig) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    legacyProfiles.push({
-      id: `${type}-default`,
-      type,
-      priority: LEGACY_PROVIDER_PRIORITY[type],
-      config: legacyConfig,
-    } as CopilotProviderProfile);
-  }
-  return legacyProfiles;
-}
-
-function mergeProfiles(
-  explicitProfiles: CopilotProviderProfile[],
-  legacyProfiles: CopilotProviderProfile[]
-): CopilotProviderProfile[] {
-  const profiles = new Map<string, CopilotProviderProfile>();
-
-  for (const profile of explicitProfiles) {
-    if (!PROVIDER_ID_PATTERN.test(profile.id)) {
-      throw new Error(`Invalid copilot provider profile id: ${profile.id}`);
-    }
-    if (profiles.has(profile.id)) {
-      throw new Error(`Duplicated copilot provider profile id: ${profile.id}`);
-    }
-    profiles.set(profile.id, profile);
-  }
-
-  for (const profile of legacyProfiles) {
-    if (!profiles.has(profile.id)) {
-      profiles.set(profile.id, profile);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return Array.from(profiles.values());
-}
-
-function sortProfiles(profiles: NormalizedCopilotProviderProfile[]) {
-  return profiles.toSorted((a, b) => {
-    if (a.priority !== b.priority) {
-      return b.priority - a.priority;
-    }
-    return a.id.localeCompare(b.id);
-  });
-}
-
-function assertDefaults(
-  defaults: CopilotProviderDefaults,
-  profiles: Map<string, NormalizedCopilotProviderProfile>
-) {
-  for (const providerId of Object.values(defaults)) {
-    if (!providerId) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (!profiles.has(providerId)) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `Copilot provider defaults references unknown providerId: ${providerId}`
-      );
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-export function buildProviderRegistry(
-  config: CopilotProvidersConfigInput
-): CopilotProviderRegistry {
-  const explicitProfiles = config.profiles ?? [];
-  const legacyProfiles = toLegacyProfiles(config);
-  const mergedProfiles = mergeProfiles(explicitProfiles, legacyProfiles)
-    .map(normalizeProfile)
-    .filter(profile => profile.enabled);
-  const sortedProfiles = sortProfiles(mergedProfiles);
-
-  const profiles = new Map(
-    sortedProfiles.map(profile => [profile.id, profile] as const)
-  );
-  const defaults = config.defaults ?? {};
-  assertDefaults(defaults, profiles);
-
-  const order = sortedProfiles.map(profile => profile.id);
-  const byType = new Map<CopilotProviderType, string[]>();
-  for (const profile of sortedProfiles) {
-    const ids = byType.get(profile.type) ?? [];
-    ids.push(profile.id);
-    byType.set(profile.type, ids);
-  }
-
-  return { profiles, defaults, order, byType };
-}
-
-export function resolveModel({
-  registry,
-  modelId,
-  outputType,
-  availableProviderIds,
-  preferredProviderIds,
-}: ResolveModelOptions): ResolveModelResult {
-  const available = new Set(asArray(availableProviderIds));
-  const preferred = new Set(asArray(preferredProviderIds));
-  const hasAvailableFilter = available.size > 0;
-  const hasPreferredFilter = preferred.size > 0;
-
-  const isAllowed = (providerId: string) => {
-    const profile = registry.profiles.get(providerId);
-    if (!profile?.enabled) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    if (hasAvailableFilter && !available.has(providerId)) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    if (hasPreferredFilter && !preferred.has(providerId)) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-  };
-
-  const prefixed = modelId ? parseModelPrefix(registry, modelId) : null;
-  if (prefixed) {
-    return {
-      rawModelId: modelId,
-      modelId: prefixed.modelId,
-      explicitProviderId: prefixed.providerId,
-      candidateProviderIds: isAllowed(prefixed.providerId)
-        ? [prefixed.providerId]
-        : [],
-    };
-  }
-
-  const fallbackOrder = [
-    ...(outputType ? [registry.defaults[outputType]] : []),
-    registry.defaults.fallback,
-    ...registry.order,
-  ].filter((id): id is string => !!id);
-
-  return {
-    rawModelId: modelId,
-    modelId,
-    candidateProviderIds: unique(
-      fallbackOrder.filter(providerId => isAllowed(providerId))
-    ),
-  };
-}
-
-export function stripProviderPrefix(
-  registry: CopilotProviderRegistry,
-  providerId: string,
-  modelId?: string
-) {
-  if (!modelId) {
-    return modelId;
-  }
-  const prefixed = parseModelPrefix(registry, modelId);
-  if (!prefixed) {
-    return modelId;
-  }
-  if (prefixed.providerId !== providerId) {
-    return modelId;
-  }
-  return prefixed.modelId;
-}
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { AsyncLocalStorage } from 'node:async_hooks';
-
 import { Inject, Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
 import { Tool, ToolSet } from 'ai';
@@ -15,7 +13,6 @@ import { DocReader, DocWriter } from '../../../core/doc';
 import { AccessController } from '../../../core/permission';
 import { Models } from '../../../models';
 import { IndexerService } from '../../indexer';
-import type { ProviderMiddlewareConfig } from '../config';
 import { CopilotContextService } from '../context/service';
 import { PromptService } from '../prompt/service';
 import {
@@ -43,8 +40,6 @@ import {
  createSectionEditTool,
 } from '../tools';
 import { CopilotProviderFactory } from './factory';
-import { resolveProviderMiddleware } from './provider-middleware';
-import { buildProviderRegistry } from './provider-registry';
 import {
  type CopilotChatOptions,
  CopilotChatTools,
@@ -63,14 +58,11 @@ import {
  StreamObject,
 } from './types';

-const providerProfileContext = new AsyncLocalStorage<string>();
-
@Injectable()
 export abstract class CopilotProvider<C = any> {
  protected readonly logger = new Logger(this.constructor.name);
  protected readonly MAX_STEPS = 20;
  protected onlineModelList: string[] = [];
-
  abstract readonly type: CopilotProviderType;
  abstract readonly models: CopilotProviderModel[];
  abstract configured(): boolean;
@@ -78,39 +70,8 @@ export abstract class CopilotProvider<C = any> {
  @Inject() protected readonly AFFiNEConfig!: Config;
  @Inject() protected readonly factory!: CopilotProviderFactory;
  @Inject() protected readonly moduleRef!: ModuleRef;
-  readonly #registeredProviderIds = new Set<string>();
-
-  runWithProfile<T>(providerId: string, callback: () => T): T {
-    return providerProfileContext.run(providerId, callback);
-  }
-
-  protected getActiveProviderId() {
-    return providerProfileContext.getStore() ?? `${this.type}-default`;
-  }
-
-  protected getActiveProviderMiddleware(): ProviderMiddlewareConfig {
-    const providerId = this.getActiveProviderId();
-    const registry = buildProviderRegistry(this.AFFiNEConfig.copilot.providers);
-    const profile = registry.profiles.get(providerId);
-    return profile?.middleware ?? resolveProviderMiddleware(this.type);
-  }
-
-  protected metricLabels(
-    model: string,
-    labels: Record<string, string | number | boolean | undefined> = {}
-  ) {
-    const providerId = this.getActiveProviderId();
-    return { model, providerId, ...labels };
-  }

  get config(): C {
-    const profileId = providerProfileContext.getStore();
-    if (profileId) {
-      const profile = this.AFFiNEConfig.copilot.providers.profiles?.find(
-        profile => profile.id === profileId && profile.type === this.type
-      );
-      if (profile) return profile.config as C;
-    }
    return this.AFFiNEConfig.copilot.providers[this.type] as C;
  }

@@ -127,37 +88,15 @@ export abstract class CopilotProvider<C = any> {
  }

  protected setup() {
-    const registry = buildProviderRegistry(this.AFFiNEConfig.copilot.providers);
-    const providerIds = registry.byType.get(this.type) ?? [];
-    const nextProviderIds = new Set<string>();
-
-    for (const id of providerIds) {
-      const configured = this.runWithProfile(id, () => this.configured());
-      if (configured) {
-        nextProviderIds.add(id);
-        this.factory.register(id, this);
-      } else {
-        this.factory.unregister(id, this);
-      }
-    }
-
-    for (const providerId of this.#registeredProviderIds) {
-      if (!nextProviderIds.has(providerId)) {
-        this.factory.unregister(providerId, this);
-      }
-    }
-    this.#registeredProviderIds.clear();
-    for (const providerId of nextProviderIds) {
-      this.#registeredProviderIds.add(providerId);
-    }
-
-    if (env.selfhosted && nextProviderIds.size > 0) {
-      const [providerId] = Array.from(nextProviderIds);
-      this.runWithProfile(providerId, () => {
+    if (this.configured()) {
+      this.factory.register(this);
+      if (env.selfhosted) {
        this.refreshOnlineModels().catch(e =>
          this.logger.error('Failed to refresh online models', e)
        );
-      });
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.factory.unregister(this);
    }
  }

@@ -91,9 +91,7 @@ export async function chatToGPTMessage(
  //       so we need to use base64 encoded attachments instead
  useBase64Attachment: boolean = false
 ): Promise<[string | undefined, ChatMessage[], ZodType?]> {
-  const hasSystem = messages[0]?.role === 'system';
-  const system = hasSystem ? messages[0] : undefined;
-  const normalizedMessages = hasSystem ? messages.slice(1) : messages;
+  const system = messages[0]?.role === 'system' ? messages.shift() : undefined;
  const schema =
    system?.params?.schema && system.params.schema instanceof ZodType
      ? system.params.schema
@@ -101,7 +99,7 @@ export async function chatToGPTMessage(

  // filter redundant fields
  const msgs: ChatMessage[] = [];
-  for (let { role, content, attachments, params } of normalizedMessages.filter(
+  for (let { role, content, attachments, params } of messages.filter(
    m => m.role !== 'system'
  )) {
    content = content.trim();
@@ -408,34 +406,6 @@ export class CitationParser {
  }
 }

-export type CitationIndexedEvent = {
-  type: 'citation';
-  index: number;
-  url: string;
-};
-
-export class CitationFootnoteFormatter {
-  private readonly citations = new Map<number, string>();
-
-  public consume(event: CitationIndexedEvent) {
-    if (event.type !== 'citation') {
-      return '';
-    }
-    this.citations.set(event.index, event.url);
-    return '';
-  }
-
-  public end() {
-    const footnotes = Array.from(this.citations.entries())
-      .sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0])
-      .map(
-        ([index, citation]) =>
-          `[^${index}]: {"type":"url","url":"${encodeURIComponent(citation)}"}`
-      );
-    return footnotes.join('\n');
-  }
-}
-
 type ChunkType = TextStreamPart<CustomAITools>['type'];

 export function toError(error: unknown): Error {
@@ -733,39 +703,21 @@ export const VertexModelListSchema = z.object({
  ),
 });

-function normalizeUrl(baseURL?: string) {
-  if (!baseURL?.trim()) {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-  try {
-    const url = new URL(baseURL);
-    const serialized = url.toString();
-    if (serialized.endsWith('/')) return serialized.slice(0, -1);
-    return serialized;
-  } catch {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-}
-
-export function getVertexAnthropicBaseUrl(
-  options: GoogleVertexAnthropicProviderSettings
-) {
-  const normalizedBaseUrl = normalizeUrl(options.baseURL);
-  if (normalizedBaseUrl) return normalizedBaseUrl;
-  const { location, project } = options;
-  if (!location || !project) return undefined;
-  return `https://${location}-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/${project}/locations/${location}/publishers/anthropic`;
-}
-
 export async function getGoogleAuth(
  options: GoogleVertexAnthropicProviderSettings | GoogleVertexProviderSettings,
  publisher: 'anthropic' | 'google'
 ) {
  function getBaseUrl() {
-    const normalizedBaseUrl = normalizeUrl(options.baseURL);
-    if (normalizedBaseUrl) return normalizedBaseUrl;
-    const { location } = options;
-    if (location) {
+    const { baseURL, location } = options;
+    if (baseURL?.trim()) {
+      try {
+        const url = new URL(baseURL);
+        if (url.pathname.endsWith('/')) {
+          url.pathname = url.pathname.slice(0, -1);
+        }
+        return url.toString();
+      } catch {}
+    } else if (location) {
      return `https://${location}-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1beta1/publishers/${publisher}`;
    }
    return undefined;
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { BadRequestException, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
 import {
  Args,
  Field,
+  Float,
  ID,
  InputType,
  Mutation,
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import {
  ResolveField,
  Resolver,
 } from '@nestjs/graphql';
+import { AiPromptRole } from '@prisma/client';
 import { GraphQLJSON, SafeIntResolver } from 'graphql-scalars';
 import GraphQLUpload from 'graphql-upload/GraphQLUpload.mjs';

@@ -311,6 +313,57 @@ class CopilotQuotaType {
  used!: number;
 }

+registerEnumType(AiPromptRole, {
+  name: 'CopilotPromptMessageRole',
+});
+
+@InputType('CopilotPromptConfigInput')
+@ObjectType()
+class CopilotPromptConfigType {
+  @Field(() => Float, { nullable: true })
+  frequencyPenalty!: number | null;
+
+  @Field(() => Float, { nullable: true })
+  presencePenalty!: number | null;
+
+  @Field(() => Float, { nullable: true })
+  temperature!: number | null;
+
+  @Field(() => Float, { nullable: true })
+  topP!: number | null;
+}
+
+@InputType('CopilotPromptMessageInput')
+@ObjectType()
+class CopilotPromptMessageType {
+  @Field(() => AiPromptRole)
+  role!: AiPromptRole;
+
+  @Field(() => String)
+  content!: string;
+
+  @Field(() => GraphQLJSON, { nullable: true })
+  params!: Record<string, string> | null;
+}
+
+@ObjectType()
+class CopilotPromptType {
+  @Field(() => String)
+  name!: string;
+
+  @Field(() => String)
+  model!: string;
+
+  @Field(() => String, { nullable: true })
+  action!: string | null;
+
+  @Field(() => CopilotPromptConfigType, { nullable: true })
+  config!: CopilotPromptConfigType | null;
+
+  @Field(() => [CopilotPromptMessageType])
+  messages!: CopilotPromptMessageType[];
+}
+
@ObjectType()
 class CopilotModelType {
  @Field(() => String)
@@ -585,8 +638,13 @@ export class CopilotResolver {
    );
  }

-  private async createCopilotSessionInternal(
-    user: CurrentUser,
+  @Mutation(() => String, {
+    description: 'Create a chat session',
+  })
+  @CallMetric('ai', 'chat_session_create')
+  async createCopilotSession(
+    @CurrentUser() user: CurrentUser,
+    @Args({ name: 'options', type: () => CreateChatSessionInput })
    options: CreateChatSessionInput
  ): Promise<string> {
    // permission check based on session type
@@ -608,42 +666,6 @@ export class CopilotResolver {
    });
  }

-  @Mutation(() => String, {
-    description: 'Create a chat session',
-    deprecationReason: 'use `createCopilotSessionWithHistory` instead',
-  })
-  @CallMetric('ai', 'chat_session_create')
-  async createCopilotSession(
-    @CurrentUser() user: CurrentUser,
-    @Args({ name: 'options', type: () => CreateChatSessionInput })
-    options: CreateChatSessionInput
-  ): Promise<string> {
-    return await this.createCopilotSessionInternal(user, options);
-  }
-
-  @Mutation(() => CopilotHistoriesType, {
-    description: 'Create a chat session and return full session payload',
-  })
-  @CallMetric('ai', 'chat_session_create_with_history')
-  async createCopilotSessionWithHistory(
-    @CurrentUser() user: CurrentUser,
-    @Args({ name: 'options', type: () => CreateChatSessionInput })
-    options: CreateChatSessionInput
-  ): Promise<CopilotHistoriesType> {
-    const sessionId = await this.createCopilotSessionInternal(user, options);
-    const session = await this.chatSession.getSessionInfo(sessionId);
-    if (!session) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Session not found');
-    }
-    return {
-      ...session,
-      messages: session.messages.map(message => ({
-        ...message,
-        id: message.id,
-      })) as ChatMessageType[],
-    };
-  }
-
  @Mutation(() => String, {
    description: 'Update a chat session',
  })
@@ -917,10 +939,31 @@ export class UserCopilotResolver {
  }
 }

+@InputType()
+class CreateCopilotPromptInput {
+  @Field(() => String)
+  name!: string;
+
+  @Field(() => String)
+  model!: string;
+
+  @Field(() => String, { nullable: true })
+  action!: string | null;
+
+  @Field(() => CopilotPromptConfigType, { nullable: true })
+  config!: CopilotPromptConfigType | null;
+
+  @Field(() => [CopilotPromptMessageType])
+  messages!: CopilotPromptMessageType[];
+}
+
@Admin()
@Resolver(() => String)
 export class PromptsManagementResolver {
-  constructor(private readonly cron: CopilotCronJobs) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly cron: CopilotCronJobs,
+    private readonly promptService: PromptService
+  ) {}

  @Mutation(() => Boolean, {
    description: 'Trigger generate missing titles cron job',
@@ -937,4 +980,48 @@ export class PromptsManagementResolver {
    await this.cron.triggerCleanupTrashedDocEmbeddings();
    return true;
  }
+
+  @Query(() => [CopilotPromptType], {
+    description: 'List all copilot prompts',
+  })
+  async listCopilotPrompts() {
+    const prompts = await this.promptService.list();
+    return prompts.filter(
+      p =>
+        p.messages.length > 0 &&
+        // ignore internal prompts
+        !p.name.startsWith('workflow:') &&
+        !p.name.startsWith('debug:') &&
+        !p.name.startsWith('chat:') &&
+        !p.name.startsWith('action:')
+    );
+  }
+
+  @Mutation(() => CopilotPromptType, {
+    description: 'Create a copilot prompt',
+  })
+  async createCopilotPrompt(
+    @Args({ type: () => CreateCopilotPromptInput, name: 'input' })
+    input: CreateCopilotPromptInput
+  ) {
+    await this.promptService.set(
+      input.name,
+      input.model,
+      input.messages,
+      input.config
+    );
+    return this.promptService.get(input.name);
+  }
+
+  @Mutation(() => CopilotPromptType, {
+    description: 'Update a copilot prompt',
+  })
+  async updateCopilotPrompt(
+    @Args('name') name: string,
+    @Args('messages', { type: () => [CopilotPromptMessageType] })
+    messages: CopilotPromptMessageType[]
+  ) {
+    await this.promptService.update(name, { messages, modified: true });
+    return this.promptService.get(name);
+  }
 }
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import { AiPromptRole } from '@prisma/client';
 import { pick } from 'lodash-es';

 import {
-  Config,
  CopilotActionTaken,
  CopilotMessageNotFound,
  CopilotPromptNotFound,
@@ -32,7 +31,6 @@ import { ChatMessageCache } from './message';
 import { ChatPrompt } from './prompt/chat-prompt';
 import { PromptService } from './prompt/service';
 import { CopilotProviderFactory } from './providers/factory';
-import { buildProviderRegistry } from './providers/provider-registry';
 import {
  ModelOutputType,
  type PromptMessage,
@@ -107,31 +105,10 @@ export class ChatSession implements AsyncDisposable {
    hasPayment: boolean,
    requestedModelId?: string
  ): Promise<string> {
-    const config = this.moduleRef.get(Config, { strict: false });
-    const registry = config
-      ? buildProviderRegistry(config.copilot.providers)
-      : null;
    const defaultModel = this.model;
-    const normalizeModel = (modelId?: string) => {
-      if (!modelId) return modelId;
-      const separatorIndex = modelId.indexOf('/');
-      if (separatorIndex <= 0) return modelId;
-      const providerId = modelId.slice(0, separatorIndex);
-      if (!registry?.profiles.has(providerId)) return modelId;
-      return modelId.slice(separatorIndex + 1);
-    };
-    const inModelList = (models: string[], modelId?: string) => {
-      if (!modelId) return false;
-      return (
-        models.includes(modelId) ||
-        models.includes(normalizeModel(modelId) ?? '')
-      );
-    };
-    const normalize = (m?: string) => {
-      if (inModelList(this.optionalModels, m)) return m;
-      return defaultModel;
-    };
-    const isPro = (m?: string) => inModelList(this.proModels, m);
+    const normalize = (m?: string) =>
+      !!m && this.optionalModels.includes(m) ? m : defaultModel;
+    const isPro = (m?: string) => !!m && this.proModels.includes(m);

    // try resolve payment subscription service lazily
    let paymentEnabled = hasPayment;
@@ -155,19 +132,10 @@ export class ChatSession implements AsyncDisposable {
    }

    if (paymentEnabled && !isUserAIPro && isPro(requestedModelId)) {
-      if (!defaultModel) {
-        throw new CopilotSessionInvalidInput(
-          'Model is required for AI subscription fallback'
-        );
-      }
      return defaultModel;
    }

-    const resolvedModel = normalize(requestedModelId);
-    if (!resolvedModel) {
-      throw new CopilotSessionInvalidInput('Model is required');
-    }
-    return resolvedModel;
+    return normalize(requestedModelId);
  }

  push(message: ChatMessage) {
@@ -32,22 +32,16 @@ export const buildBlobContentGetter = (
      return;
    }

-    const contextFile = context.files.find(
-      file => file.blobId === blobId || file.id === blobId
-    );
-    const canonicalBlobId = contextFile?.blobId ?? blobId;
-    const targetFileId = contextFile?.id;
    const [file, blob] = await Promise.all([
-      targetFileId ? context.getFileContent(targetFileId, chunk) : undefined,
-      context.getBlobContent(canonicalBlobId, chunk),
+      context?.getFileContent(blobId, chunk),
+      context?.getBlobContent(blobId, chunk),
    ]);
    const content = file?.trim() || blob?.trim();
-    if (!content) return;
-    const info = contextFile
-      ? { fileName: contextFile.name, fileType: contextFile.mimeType }
-      : {};
+    if (!content) {
+      return;
+    }

-    return { blobId: canonicalBlobId, chunk, content, ...info };
+    return { blobId, chunk, content };
  };
  return getBlobContent;
 };
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ export abstract class OAuthProvider {
    options?: { treatServerErrorAsInvalid?: boolean }
  ) {
    const response = await fetch(url, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json', ...init?.headers },
      ...init,
-      headers: { ...init?.headers, Accept: 'application/json' },
    });

    const body = await response.text();
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import type {
 import { HTMLRewriter } from 'htmlrewriter';

 import {
-  applyAttachHeaders,
  BadRequest,
  Cache,
  readResponseBufferWithLimit,
@@ -128,18 +127,15 @@ export class WorkerController {
      if (buffer.length === 0) {
        return resp.status(404).header(getCorsHeaders(origin)).send();
      }
-      resp.header({
-        ...getCorsHeaders(origin),
-        ...(origin ? { Vary: 'Origin' } : {}),
-        'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'GET',
-      });
-      applyAttachHeaders(resp, { buffer });
-      const contentType = resp.getHeader('Content-Type') as string | undefined;
-      if (contentType?.startsWith('image/')) {
-        return resp.status(200).send(buffer);
-      } else {
-        throw new BadRequest('Invalid content type');
-      }
+      return resp
+        .status(200)
+        .header({
+          ...getCorsHeaders(origin),
+          ...(origin ? { Vary: 'Origin' } : {}),
+          'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'GET',
+          'Content-Type': 'image/*',
+        })
+        .send(buffer);
    }

    let response: Response;
@@ -175,39 +171,39 @@ export class WorkerController {
      throw new BadRequest('Failed to fetch image');
    }
    if (response.ok) {
-      let buffer: Buffer;
-      try {
-        buffer = await readResponseBufferWithLimit(
-          response,
-          IMAGE_PROXY_MAX_BYTES
-        );
-      } catch (error) {
-        if (error instanceof ResponseTooLargeError) {
-          this.logger.warn('Image proxy response too large', {
-            url: imageURL,
-            limitBytes: error.data?.limitBytes,
-            receivedBytes: error.data?.receivedBytes,
-          });
-          throw new BadRequest('Response too large');
-        }
-        throw error;
-      }
-      await this.cache.set(cachedUrl, buffer.toString('base64'), {
-        ttl: CACHE_TTL,
-      });
-      const contentDisposition = response.headers.get('Content-Disposition');
-      resp.header({
-        ...getCorsHeaders(origin),
-        ...(origin ? { Vary: 'Origin' } : {}),
-        'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'GET',
-      });
-      if (contentDisposition) {
-        resp.setHeader('Content-Disposition', contentDisposition);
-      }
-      applyAttachHeaders(resp, { buffer });
-      const contentType = resp.getHeader('Content-Type') as string | undefined;
+      const contentType = response.headers.get('Content-Type');
      if (contentType?.startsWith('image/')) {
-        return resp.status(200).send(buffer);
+        let buffer: Buffer;
+        try {
+          buffer = await readResponseBufferWithLimit(
+            response,
+            IMAGE_PROXY_MAX_BYTES
+          );
+        } catch (error) {
+          if (error instanceof ResponseTooLargeError) {
+            this.logger.warn('Image proxy response too large', {
+              url: imageURL,
+              limitBytes: error.data?.limitBytes,
+              receivedBytes: error.data?.receivedBytes,
+            });
+            throw new BadRequest('Response too large');
+          }
+          throw error;
+        }
+        await this.cache.set(cachedUrl, buffer.toString('base64'), {
+          ttl: CACHE_TTL,
+        });
+        const contentDisposition = response.headers.get('Content-Disposition');
+        return resp
+          .status(200)
+          .header({
+            ...getCorsHeaders(origin),
+            ...(origin ? { Vary: 'Origin' } : {}),
+            'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'GET',
+            'Content-Type': contentType,
+            'Content-Disposition': contentDisposition,
+          })
+          .send(buffer);
      } else {
        throw new BadRequest('Invalid content type');
      }
@@ -607,10 +607,50 @@ type CopilotModelsType {
  proModels: [CopilotModelType!]!
 }

+input CopilotPromptConfigInput {
+  frequencyPenalty: Float
+  presencePenalty: Float
+  temperature: Float
+  topP: Float
+}
+
+type CopilotPromptConfigType {
+  frequencyPenalty: Float
+  presencePenalty: Float
+  temperature: Float
+  topP: Float
+}
+
+input CopilotPromptMessageInput {
+  content: String!
+  params: JSON
+  role: CopilotPromptMessageRole!
+}
+
+enum CopilotPromptMessageRole {
+  assistant
+  system
+  user
+}
+
+type CopilotPromptMessageType {
+  content: String!
+  params: JSON
+  role: CopilotPromptMessageRole!
+}
+
 type CopilotPromptNotFoundDataType {
  name: String!
 }

+type CopilotPromptType {
+  action: String
+  config: CopilotPromptConfigType
+  messages: [CopilotPromptMessageType!]!
+  model: String!
+  name: String!
+}
+
 type CopilotProviderNotSupportedDataType {
  kind: String!
  provider: String!
@@ -707,6 +747,14 @@ input CreateCheckoutSessionInput {
  variant: SubscriptionVariant
 }

+input CreateCopilotPromptInput {
+  action: String
+  config: CopilotPromptConfigInput
+  messages: [CopilotPromptMessageInput!]!
+  model: String!
+  name: String!
+}
+
 input CreateUserInput {
  email: String!
  name: String
@@ -1503,11 +1551,11 @@ type Mutation {
  """Create a chat message"""
  createCopilotMessage(options: CreateChatMessageInput!): String!

-  """Create a chat session"""
-  createCopilotSession(options: CreateChatSessionInput!): String! @deprecated(reason: "use `createCopilotSessionWithHistory` instead")
+  """Create a copilot prompt"""
+  createCopilotPrompt(input: CreateCopilotPromptInput!): CopilotPromptType!

-  """Create a chat session and return full session payload"""
-  createCopilotSessionWithHistory(options: CreateChatSessionInput!): CopilotHistories!
+  """Create a chat session"""
+  createCopilotSession(options: CreateChatSessionInput!): String!

  """Create a stripe customer portal to manage payment methods"""
  createCustomerPortal: String!
@@ -1624,6 +1672,9 @@ type Mutation {
  """Update a comment content"""
  updateComment(input: CommentUpdateInput!): Boolean!

+  """Update a copilot prompt"""
+  updateCopilotPrompt(messages: [CopilotPromptMessageInput!]!, name: String!): CopilotPromptType!
+
  """Update a chat session"""
  updateCopilotSession(options: UpdateChatSessionInput!): String!
  updateDocDefaultRole(input: UpdateDocDefaultRoleInput!): Boolean!
@@ -1872,6 +1923,9 @@ type Query {

  """get workspace invitation info"""
  getInviteInfo(inviteId: String!): InvitationType!
+
+  """List all copilot prompts"""
+  listCopilotPrompts: [CopilotPromptType!]!
  prices: [SubscriptionPrice!]!

  """Get public user by id"""
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+query getPrompts {
+  listCopilotPrompts {
+    name
+    model
+    action
+    config {
+      frequencyPenalty
+      presencePenalty
+      temperature
+      topP
+    }
+    messages {
+      role
+      content
+      params
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+mutation updatePrompt(
+  $name: String!
+  $messages: [CopilotPromptMessageInput!]!
+) {
+  updateCopilotPrompt(name: $name, messages: $messages) {
+    name
+    model
+    action
+    config {
+      frequencyPenalty
+      presencePenalty
+      temperature
+      topP
+    }
+    messages {
+      role
+      content
+      params
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotDocSessions(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotPinnedSessions(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotWorkspaceSessions(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotHistories(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#import "./fragments/copilot-chat-history.gql"
-
-mutation createCopilotSessionWithHistory($options: CreateChatSessionInput!) {
-  createCopilotSessionWithHistory(options: $options) {
-    ...CopilotChatHistory
-  }
-}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotLatestDocSession(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotSession(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotRecentSessions(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#import "./fragments/paginated-copilot-chats.gql"
+#import "./fragments/copilot.gql"

 query getCopilotSessions(
  $workspaceId: String!
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-fragment CopilotChatHistory on CopilotHistories {
-  sessionId
-  workspaceId
-  docId
-  parentSessionId
-  promptName
-  model
-  optionalModels
-  action
-  pinned
-  title
-  tokens
-  messages {
-    id
-    role
-    content
-    attachments
-    streamObjects {
-      type
-      textDelta
-      toolCallId
-      toolName
-      args
-      result
-    }
-    createdAt
-  }
-  createdAt
-  updatedAt
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+fragment CopilotChatMessage on ChatMessage {
+  id
+  role
+  content
+  attachments
+  streamObjects {
+    type
+    textDelta
+    toolCallId
+    toolName
+    args
+    result
+  }
+  createdAt
+}
+
+fragment CopilotChatHistory on CopilotHistories {
+  sessionId
+  workspaceId
+  docId
+  parentSessionId
+  promptName
+  model
+  optionalModels
+  action
+  pinned
+  title
+  tokens
+  messages {
+    ...CopilotChatMessage
+  }
+  createdAt
+  updatedAt
+}
+
+fragment PaginatedCopilotChats on PaginatedCopilotHistoriesType {
+  pageInfo {
+    hasNextPage
+    hasPreviousPage
+    startCursor
+    endCursor
+  }
+  edges {
+    cursor
+    node {
+      ...CopilotChatHistory
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#import "./copilot-chat-history.gql"
-
-fragment PaginatedCopilotChats on PaginatedCopilotHistoriesType {
-  pageInfo {
-    hasNextPage
-    hasPreviousPage
-    startCursor
-    endCursor
-  }
-  edges {
-    cursor
-    node {
-      ...CopilotChatHistory
-    }
-  }
-}
@@ -6,6 +6,21 @@ export interface GraphQLQuery {
  file?: boolean;
  deprecations?: string[];
 }
+export const copilotChatMessageFragment = `fragment CopilotChatMessage on ChatMessage {
+  id
+  role
+  content
+  attachments
+  streamObjects {
+    type
+    textDelta
+    toolCallId
+    toolName
+    args
+    result
+  }
+  createdAt
+}`;
 export const copilotChatHistoryFragment = `fragment CopilotChatHistory on CopilotHistories {
  sessionId
  workspaceId
@@ -19,23 +34,25 @@ export const copilotChatHistoryFragment = `fragment CopilotChatHistory on Copilo
  title
  tokens
  messages {
-    id
-    role
-    content
-    attachments
-    streamObjects {
-      type
-      textDelta
-      toolCallId
-      toolName
-      args
-      result
-    }
-    createdAt
+    ...CopilotChatMessage
  }
  createdAt
  updatedAt
 }`;
+export const paginatedCopilotChatsFragment = `fragment PaginatedCopilotChats on PaginatedCopilotHistoriesType {
+  pageInfo {
+    hasNextPage
+    hasPreviousPage
+    startCursor
+    endCursor
+  }
+  edges {
+    cursor
+    node {
+      ...CopilotChatHistory
+    }
+  }
+}`;
 export const credentialsRequirementsFragment = `fragment CredentialsRequirements on CredentialsRequirementType {
  password {
    ...PasswordLimits
@@ -77,20 +94,6 @@ export const currentUserProfileFragment = `fragment CurrentUserProfile on UserTy
    }
  }
 }`;
-export const paginatedCopilotChatsFragment = `fragment PaginatedCopilotChats on PaginatedCopilotHistoriesType {
-  pageInfo {
-    hasNextPage
-    hasPreviousPage
-    startCursor
-    endCursor
-  }
-  edges {
-    cursor
-    node {
-      ...CopilotChatHistory
-    }
-  }
-}${copilotChatHistoryFragment}`;
 export const passwordLimitsFragment = `fragment PasswordLimits on PasswordLimitsType {
  minLength
  maxLength
@@ -401,6 +404,52 @@ export const appConfigQuery = {
 }`,
 };

+export const getPromptsQuery = {
+  id: 'getPromptsQuery' as const,
+  op: 'getPrompts',
+  query: `query getPrompts {
+  listCopilotPrompts {
+    name
+    model
+    action
+    config {
+      frequencyPenalty
+      presencePenalty
+      temperature
+      topP
+    }
+    messages {
+      role
+      content
+      params
+    }
+  }
+}`,
+};
+
+export const updatePromptMutation = {
+  id: 'updatePromptMutation' as const,
+  op: 'updatePrompt',
+  query: `mutation updatePrompt($name: String!, $messages: [CopilotPromptMessageInput!]!) {
+  updateCopilotPrompt(name: $name, messages: $messages) {
+    name
+    model
+    action
+    config {
+      frequencyPenalty
+      presencePenalty
+      temperature
+      topP
+    }
+    messages {
+      role
+      content
+      params
+    }
+  }
+}`,
+};
+
 export const createUserMutation = {
  id: 'createUserMutation' as const,
  op: 'createUser',
@@ -1362,6 +1411,8 @@ export const getCopilotDocSessionsQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1381,6 +1432,8 @@ export const getCopilotPinnedSessionsQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1396,6 +1449,8 @@ export const getCopilotWorkspaceSessionsQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1411,6 +1466,8 @@ export const getCopilotHistoriesQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1539,24 +1596,12 @@ export const cleanupCopilotSessionMutation = {
 }`,
 };

-export const createCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutation = {
-  id: 'createCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutation' as const,
-  op: 'createCopilotSessionWithHistory',
-  query: `mutation createCopilotSessionWithHistory($options: CreateChatSessionInput!) {
-  createCopilotSessionWithHistory(options: $options) {
-    ...CopilotChatHistory
-  }
-}
-${copilotChatHistoryFragment}`,
-};
-
 export const createCopilotSessionMutation = {
  id: 'createCopilotSessionMutation' as const,
  op: 'createCopilotSession',
  query: `mutation createCopilotSession($options: CreateChatSessionInput!) {
  createCopilotSession(options: $options)
 }`,
-  deprecations: ["'createCopilotSession' is deprecated: use `createCopilotSessionWithHistory` instead"],
 };

 export const forkCopilotSessionMutation = {
@@ -1583,6 +1628,8 @@ export const getCopilotLatestDocSessionQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1598,6 +1645,8 @@ export const getCopilotSessionQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1616,6 +1665,8 @@ export const getCopilotRecentSessionsQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -1639,6 +1690,8 @@ export const getCopilotSessionsQuery = {
    }
  }
 }
+${copilotChatMessageFragment}
+${copilotChatHistoryFragment}
 ${paginatedCopilotChatsFragment}`,
 };

@@ -725,11 +725,54 @@ export interface CopilotModelsType {
  proModels: Array<CopilotModelType>;
 }

+export interface CopilotPromptConfigInput {
+  frequencyPenalty?: InputMaybe<Scalars['Float']['input']>;
+  presencePenalty?: InputMaybe<Scalars['Float']['input']>;
+  temperature?: InputMaybe<Scalars['Float']['input']>;
+  topP?: InputMaybe<Scalars['Float']['input']>;
+}
+
+export interface CopilotPromptConfigType {
+  __typename?: 'CopilotPromptConfigType';
+  frequencyPenalty: Maybe<Scalars['Float']['output']>;
+  presencePenalty: Maybe<Scalars['Float']['output']>;
+  temperature: Maybe<Scalars['Float']['output']>;
+  topP: Maybe<Scalars['Float']['output']>;
+}
+
+export interface CopilotPromptMessageInput {
+  content: Scalars['String']['input'];
+  params?: InputMaybe<Scalars['JSON']['input']>;
+  role: CopilotPromptMessageRole;
+}
+
+export enum CopilotPromptMessageRole {
+  assistant = 'assistant',
+  system = 'system',
+  user = 'user',
+}
+
+export interface CopilotPromptMessageType {
+  __typename?: 'CopilotPromptMessageType';
+  content: Scalars['String']['output'];
+  params: Maybe<Scalars['JSON']['output']>;
+  role: CopilotPromptMessageRole;
+}
+
 export interface CopilotPromptNotFoundDataType {
  __typename?: 'CopilotPromptNotFoundDataType';
  name: Scalars['String']['output'];
 }

+export interface CopilotPromptType {
+  __typename?: 'CopilotPromptType';
+  action: Maybe<Scalars['String']['output']>;
+  config: Maybe<CopilotPromptConfigType>;
+  messages: Array<CopilotPromptMessageType>;
+  model: Scalars['String']['output'];
+  name: Scalars['String']['output'];
+}
+
 export interface CopilotProviderNotSupportedDataType {
  __typename?: 'CopilotProviderNotSupportedDataType';
  kind: Scalars['String']['output'];
@@ -841,6 +884,14 @@ export interface CreateCheckoutSessionInput {
  variant?: InputMaybe<SubscriptionVariant>;
 }

+export interface CreateCopilotPromptInput {
+  action?: InputMaybe<Scalars['String']['input']>;
+  config?: InputMaybe<CopilotPromptConfigInput>;
+  messages: Array<CopilotPromptMessageInput>;
+  model: Scalars['String']['input'];
+  name: Scalars['String']['input'];
+}
+
 export interface CreateUserInput {
  email: Scalars['String']['input'];
  name?: InputMaybe<Scalars['String']['input']>;
@@ -1701,13 +1752,10 @@ export interface Mutation {
  createCopilotContext: Scalars['String']['output'];
  /** Create a chat message */
  createCopilotMessage: Scalars['String']['output'];
-  /**
-   * Create a chat session
-   * @deprecated use `createCopilotSessionWithHistory` instead
-   */
+  /** Create a copilot prompt */
+  createCopilotPrompt: CopilotPromptType;
+  /** Create a chat session */
  createCopilotSession: Scalars['String']['output'];
-  /** Create a chat session and return full session payload */
-  createCopilotSessionWithHistory: CopilotHistories;
  /** Create a stripe customer portal to manage payment methods */
  createCustomerPortal: Scalars['String']['output'];
  createInviteLink: InviteLink;
@@ -1797,6 +1845,8 @@ export interface Mutation {
  updateCalendarAccount: Maybe<CalendarAccountObjectType>;
  /** Update a comment content */
  updateComment: Scalars['Boolean']['output'];
+  /** Update a copilot prompt */
+  updateCopilotPrompt: CopilotPromptType;
  /** Update a chat session */
  updateCopilotSession: Scalars['String']['output'];
  updateDocDefaultRole: Scalars['Boolean']['output'];
@@ -1948,11 +1998,11 @@ export interface MutationCreateCopilotMessageArgs {
  options: CreateChatMessageInput;
 }

-export interface MutationCreateCopilotSessionArgs {
-  options: CreateChatSessionInput;
+export interface MutationCreateCopilotPromptArgs {
+  input: CreateCopilotPromptInput;
 }

-export interface MutationCreateCopilotSessionWithHistoryArgs {
+export interface MutationCreateCopilotSessionArgs {
  options: CreateChatSessionInput;
 }

@@ -2212,6 +2262,11 @@ export interface MutationUpdateCommentArgs {
  input: CommentUpdateInput;
 }

+export interface MutationUpdateCopilotPromptArgs {
+  messages: Array<CopilotPromptMessageInput>;
+  name: Scalars['String']['input'];
+}
+
 export interface MutationUpdateCopilotSessionArgs {
  options: UpdateChatSessionInput;
 }
@@ -2499,6 +2554,8 @@ export interface Query {
  error: ErrorDataUnion;
  /** get workspace invitation info */
  getInviteInfo: InvitationType;
+  /** List all copilot prompts */
+  listCopilotPrompts: Array<CopilotPromptType>;
  prices: Array<SubscriptionPrice>;
  /** Get public user by id */
  publicUserById: Maybe<PublicUserType>;
@@ -3829,6 +3886,59 @@ export type AppConfigQueryVariables = Exact<{ [key: string]: never }>;

 export type AppConfigQuery = { __typename?: 'Query'; appConfig: any };

+export type GetPromptsQueryVariables = Exact<{ [key: string]: never }>;
+
+export type GetPromptsQuery = {
+  __typename?: 'Query';
+  listCopilotPrompts: Array<{
+    __typename?: 'CopilotPromptType';
+    name: string;
+    model: string;
+    action: string | null;
+    config: {
+      __typename?: 'CopilotPromptConfigType';
+      frequencyPenalty: number | null;
+      presencePenalty: number | null;
+      temperature: number | null;
+      topP: number | null;
+    } | null;
+    messages: Array<{
+      __typename?: 'CopilotPromptMessageType';
+      role: CopilotPromptMessageRole;
+      content: string;
+      params: Record<string, string> | null;
+    }>;
+  }>;
+};
+
+export type UpdatePromptMutationVariables = Exact<{
+  name: Scalars['String']['input'];
+  messages: Array<CopilotPromptMessageInput> | CopilotPromptMessageInput;
+}>;
+
+export type UpdatePromptMutation = {
+  __typename?: 'Mutation';
+  updateCopilotPrompt: {
+    __typename?: 'CopilotPromptType';
+    name: string;
+    model: string;
+    action: string | null;
+    config: {
+      __typename?: 'CopilotPromptConfigType';
+      frequencyPenalty: number | null;
+      presencePenalty: number | null;
+      temperature: number | null;
+      topP: number | null;
+    } | null;
+    messages: Array<{
+      __typename?: 'CopilotPromptMessageType';
+      role: CopilotPromptMessageRole;
+      content: string;
+      params: Record<string, string> | null;
+    }>;
+  };
+};
+
 export type CreateUserMutationVariables = Exact<{
  input: CreateUserInput;
 }>;
@@ -5315,47 +5425,6 @@ export type CleanupCopilotSessionMutation = {
  cleanupCopilotSession: Array<string>;
 };

-export type CreateCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutationVariables = Exact<{
-  options: CreateChatSessionInput;
-}>;
-
-export type CreateCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutation = {
-  __typename?: 'Mutation';
-  createCopilotSessionWithHistory: {
-    __typename?: 'CopilotHistories';
-    sessionId: string;
-    workspaceId: string;
-    docId: string | null;
-    parentSessionId: string | null;
-    promptName: string;
-    model: string;
-    optionalModels: Array<string>;
-    action: string | null;
-    pinned: boolean;
-    title: string | null;
-    tokens: number;
-    createdAt: string;
-    updatedAt: string;
-    messages: Array<{
-      __typename?: 'ChatMessage';
-      id: string | null;
-      role: string;
-      content: string;
-      attachments: Array<string> | null;
-      createdAt: string;
-      streamObjects: Array<{
-        __typename?: 'StreamObject';
-        type: string;
-        textDelta: string | null;
-        toolCallId: string | null;
-        toolName: string | null;
-        args: Record<string, string> | null;
-        result: Record<string, string> | null;
-      }> | null;
-    }>;
-  };
-};
-
 export type CreateCopilotSessionMutationVariables = Exact<{
  options: CreateChatSessionInput;
 }>;
@@ -5865,6 +5934,24 @@ export type GetDocRolePermissionsQuery = {
  };
 };

+export type CopilotChatMessageFragment = {
+  __typename?: 'ChatMessage';
+  id: string | null;
+  role: string;
+  content: string;
+  attachments: Array<string> | null;
+  createdAt: string;
+  streamObjects: Array<{
+    __typename?: 'StreamObject';
+    type: string;
+    textDelta: string | null;
+    toolCallId: string | null;
+    toolName: string | null;
+    args: Record<string, string> | null;
+    result: Record<string, string> | null;
+  }> | null;
+};
+
 export type CopilotChatHistoryFragment = {
  __typename?: 'CopilotHistories';
  sessionId: string;
@@ -5899,52 +5986,6 @@ export type CopilotChatHistoryFragment = {
  }>;
 };

-export type CredentialsRequirementsFragment = {
-  __typename?: 'CredentialsRequirementType';
-  password: {
-    __typename?: 'PasswordLimitsType';
-    minLength: number;
-    maxLength: number;
-  };
-};
-
-export type CurrentUserProfileFragment = {
-  __typename?: 'UserType';
-  id: string;
-  name: string;
-  email: string;
-  avatarUrl: string | null;
-  emailVerified: boolean;
-  features: Array<FeatureType>;
-  settings: {
-    __typename?: 'UserSettingsType';
-    receiveInvitationEmail: boolean;
-    receiveMentionEmail: boolean;
-    receiveCommentEmail: boolean;
-  };
-  quota: {
-    __typename?: 'UserQuotaType';
-    name: string;
-    blobLimit: number;
-    storageQuota: number;
-    historyPeriod: number;
-    memberLimit: number;
-    humanReadable: {
-      __typename?: 'UserQuotaHumanReadableType';
-      name: string;
-      blobLimit: string;
-      storageQuota: string;
-      historyPeriod: string;
-      memberLimit: string;
-    };
-  };
-  quotaUsage: { __typename?: 'UserQuotaUsageType'; storageQuota: number };
-  copilot: {
-    __typename?: 'Copilot';
-    quota: { __typename?: 'CopilotQuota'; limit: number | null; used: number };
-  };
-};
-
 export type PaginatedCopilotChatsFragment = {
  __typename?: 'PaginatedCopilotHistoriesType';
  pageInfo: {
@@ -5993,6 +6034,52 @@ export type PaginatedCopilotChatsFragment = {
  }>;
 };

+export type CredentialsRequirementsFragment = {
+  __typename?: 'CredentialsRequirementType';
+  password: {
+    __typename?: 'PasswordLimitsType';
+    minLength: number;
+    maxLength: number;
+  };
+};
+
+export type CurrentUserProfileFragment = {
+  __typename?: 'UserType';
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  avatarUrl: string | null;
+  emailVerified: boolean;
+  features: Array<FeatureType>;
+  settings: {
+    __typename?: 'UserSettingsType';
+    receiveInvitationEmail: boolean;
+    receiveMentionEmail: boolean;
+    receiveCommentEmail: boolean;
+  };
+  quota: {
+    __typename?: 'UserQuotaType';
+    name: string;
+    blobLimit: number;
+    storageQuota: number;
+    historyPeriod: number;
+    memberLimit: number;
+    humanReadable: {
+      __typename?: 'UserQuotaHumanReadableType';
+      name: string;
+      blobLimit: string;
+      storageQuota: string;
+      historyPeriod: string;
+      memberLimit: string;
+    };
+  };
+  quotaUsage: { __typename?: 'UserQuotaUsageType'; storageQuota: number };
+  copilot: {
+    __typename?: 'Copilot';
+    quota: { __typename?: 'CopilotQuota'; limit: number | null; used: number };
+  };
+};
+
 export type PasswordLimitsFragment = {
  __typename?: 'PasswordLimitsType';
  minLength: number;
@@ -7536,6 +7623,11 @@ export type Queries =
      variables: AppConfigQueryVariables;
      response: AppConfigQuery;
    }
+  | {
+      name: 'getPromptsQuery';
+      variables: GetPromptsQueryVariables;
+      response: GetPromptsQuery;
+    }
  | {
      name: 'getUserByEmailQuery';
      variables: GetUserByEmailQueryVariables;
@@ -7943,6 +8035,11 @@ export type Mutations =
      variables: CreateChangePasswordUrlMutationVariables;
      response: CreateChangePasswordUrlMutation;
    }
+  | {
+      name: 'updatePromptMutation';
+      variables: UpdatePromptMutationVariables;
+      response: UpdatePromptMutation;
+    }
  | {
      name: 'createUserMutation';
      variables: CreateUserMutationVariables;
@@ -8178,11 +8275,6 @@ export type Mutations =
      variables: CleanupCopilotSessionMutationVariables;
      response: CleanupCopilotSessionMutation;
    }
-  | {
-      name: 'createCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutation';
-      variables: CreateCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutationVariables;
-      response: CreateCopilotSessionWithHistoryMutation;
-    }
  | {
      name: 'createCopilotSessionMutation';
      variables: CreateCopilotSessionMutationVariables;
@@ -430,7 +430,9 @@ fn parse_markdown_inner(markdown: &str) -> Result<MarkdownDocument, ParseError>
          table_handled = true;
        }
        Event::Html(html) | Event::InlineHtml(html) => {
-          if let Some(text) = extract_wrapped_html_text(html) {
+          if is_html_comment(html) || is_iframe_end_tag(html) {
+            // Ignore HTML comments and iframe end tags inside table cells.
+          } else if let Some(text) = extract_wrapped_html_text(html) {
            state.push_text(&text);
          } else if is_html_line_break(html) {
            state.push_text("\n");
@@ -621,6 +623,9 @@ fn parse_markdown_inner(markdown: &str) -> Result<MarkdownDocument, ParseError>
        }
      }
      Event::Html(html) | Event::InlineHtml(html) => {
+        if is_html_comment(&html) || is_iframe_end_tag(&html) {
+          continue;
+        }
        if is_ai_editable_comment(&html) {
          continue;
        }
@@ -773,6 +778,9 @@ fn validate_markdown_inner(markdown: &str) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
    match event {
      Event::Start(tag) => ensure_supported_tag(&tag)?,
      Event::Html(html) | Event::InlineHtml(html) => {
+        if is_html_comment(&html) || is_iframe_end_tag(&html) {
+          continue;
+        }
        if is_ai_editable_comment(&html) {
          continue;
        }
@@ -936,6 +944,15 @@ fn is_ai_editable_comment(html: &str) -> bool {
  body.contains("block_id=") && body.contains("flavour=")
 }

+fn is_html_comment(html: &str) -> bool {
+  let trimmed = html.trim();
+  trimmed.starts_with("<!--") && trimmed.ends_with("-->")
+}
+
+fn is_iframe_end_tag(html: &str) -> bool {
+  parse_html_tag(html).is_some_and(|tag| tag.closing && tag.name == "iframe")
+}
+
 fn is_html_line_break(html: &str) -> bool {
  let trimmed = html.trim();
  if !trimmed.starts_with('<') || !trimmed.ends_with('>') {
@@ -1716,6 +1733,13 @@ mod tests {
    assert!(result.is_ok());
  }

+  #[test]
+  fn test_validate_markdown_allows_html_comment() {
+    let markdown = "# Title\n\n<!-- omit from toc -->\n\nContent.";
+    let result = validate_markdown(markdown);
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+  }
+
  #[test]
  fn test_validate_markdown_rejects_html() {
    let markdown = "# Title\n\n<div>HTML</div>";
@@ -282,6 +282,9 @@ pub fn parse_doc_to_markdown(
      0
    };
    let ai_block = ai_editable && block_level == 2;
+    let ai_preserve_block = ai_block
+      && (matches!(flavour.as_str(), "affine:database" | "affine:callout")
+        || BlockFlavour::from_str(flavour.as_str()).is_none());

    let mut block_markdown = String::new();

@@ -308,7 +311,9 @@ pub fn parse_doc_to_markdown(
          };
          renderer.write_block(&mut block_markdown, &spec, list_depth);
        } else {
-          return Err(ParseError::ParserError(format!("unsupported_block_flavour:{flavour}")));
+          block_markdown.push_str(&format!(
+            "<!-- unsupported_block_flavour:{flavour} block_id={block_id} -->\n\n"
+          ));
        }
      }
    }
@@ -317,6 +322,9 @@ pub fn parse_doc_to_markdown(
      markdown.push_str(&format!("<!-- block_id={block_id} flavour={flavour} -->\n"));
    }
    markdown.push_str(&block_markdown);
+    if ai_preserve_block {
+      markdown.push_str(&format!("<!-- block_id={block_id} flavour={flavour} end -->\n"));
+    }
  }

  Ok(MarkdownResult {
@@ -792,4 +800,59 @@ mod tests {
    assert!(md.contains("|A|B|"));
    assert!(md.contains("|---|---|"));
  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn test_parse_doc_to_markdown_skips_unsupported_block_flavour() {
+    let doc_id = "unsupported-doc".to_string();
+    let doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.clone()).build();
+    let mut blocks = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks").unwrap();
+
+    let mut page = doc.create_map().unwrap();
+    page.insert("sys:id".into(), "page").unwrap();
+    page.insert("sys:flavour".into(), "affine:page").unwrap();
+    let mut page_children = doc.create_array().unwrap();
+    page_children.push("note").unwrap();
+    page.insert("sys:children".into(), Value::Array(page_children)).unwrap();
+    let mut page_title = doc.create_text().unwrap();
+    page_title.insert(0, "Page").unwrap();
+    page.insert("prop:title".into(), Value::Text(page_title)).unwrap();
+    blocks.insert("page".into(), Value::Map(page)).unwrap();
+
+    let mut note = doc.create_map().unwrap();
+    note.insert("sys:id".into(), "note").unwrap();
+    note.insert("sys:flavour".into(), "affine:note").unwrap();
+    let mut note_children = doc.create_array().unwrap();
+    note_children.push("latex").unwrap();
+    note_children.push("paragraph").unwrap();
+    note.insert("sys:children".into(), Value::Array(note_children)).unwrap();
+    note.insert("prop:displayMode".into(), "page").unwrap();
+    blocks.insert("note".into(), Value::Map(note)).unwrap();
+
+    let mut unsupported = doc.create_map().unwrap();
+    unsupported.insert("sys:id".into(), "latex").unwrap();
+    unsupported.insert("sys:flavour".into(), "affine:latex").unwrap();
+    unsupported
+      .insert("sys:children".into(), Value::Array(doc.create_array().unwrap()))
+      .unwrap();
+    blocks.insert("latex".into(), Value::Map(unsupported)).unwrap();
+
+    let mut paragraph = doc.create_map().unwrap();
+    paragraph.insert("sys:id".into(), "paragraph").unwrap();
+    paragraph.insert("sys:flavour".into(), "affine:paragraph").unwrap();
+    paragraph
+      .insert("sys:children".into(), Value::Array(doc.create_array().unwrap()))
+      .unwrap();
+    let mut paragraph_text = doc.create_text().unwrap();
+    paragraph_text.insert(0, "After unsupported block").unwrap();
+    paragraph
+      .insert("prop:text".into(), Value::Text(paragraph_text))
+      .unwrap();
+    blocks.insert("paragraph".into(), Value::Map(paragraph)).unwrap();
+
+    let doc_bin = doc.encode_update_v1().unwrap();
+    let result = parse_doc_to_markdown(doc_bin, doc_id, false, None).expect("parse doc");
+
+    assert!(result.markdown.contains("unsupported_block_flavour:affine:latex"));
+    assert!(result.markdown.contains("After unsupported block"));
+  }
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //! Converts markdown content into AFFiNE-compatible y-octo document binary
 //! format.

-use y_octo::DocOptions;
+use y_octo::{DocOptions, StateVector};

 use super::{
  super::{
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fn build_doc_update(doc_id: &str, title: &str, blocks: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<V
  note_map.insert(PROP_HIDDEN.to_string(), Any::False)?;
  note_map.insert(PROP_DISPLAY_MODE.to_string(), Any::String("both".to_string()))?;

-  Ok(doc.encode_update_v1()?)
+  Ok(doc.encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())?)
 }

 fn insert_block_trees(doc: &Doc, blocks_map: &mut Map, blocks: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<Vec<String>, ParseError> {
@@ -8,19 +8,37 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use super::{
  super::{
    block_spec::{TreeNode, count_tree_nodes, text_delta_eq},
-    blocksuite::{collect_child_ids, find_child_id_by_flavour},
+    blocksuite::{collect_child_ids, find_child_id_by_flavour, get_string},
    markdown::{MAX_BLOCKS, parse_markdown_blocks},
+    schema::{PROP_BACKGROUND, PROP_DISPLAY_MODE, PROP_ELEMENTS, PROP_HIDDEN, PROP_INDEX, PROP_XYWH, SURFACE_FLAVOUR},
+  },
+  builder::{
+    ApplyBlockOptions, BOXED_NATIVE_TYPE, NOTE_BG_DARK, NOTE_BG_LIGHT, apply_block_spec, boxed_empty_map,
+    insert_block_map, insert_block_tree, insert_children, insert_sys_fields, insert_text, note_background_map,
+    text_ops_from_plain,
  },
-  builder::{ApplyBlockOptions, apply_block_spec, insert_block_tree, insert_children},
  *,
 };

 const MAX_LCS_CELLS: usize = 2_000_000;

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+enum NodeSpec {
+  Supported(BlockSpec),
+  /// A block flavour we don't support for markdown diffing/updating (e.g.
+  /// `affine:database`).
+  ///
+  /// These nodes are treated as opaque: we preserve them and never modify their
+  /// properties/children.
+  Opaque {
+    flavour: String,
+  },
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct StoredNode {
  id: String,
-  spec: BlockSpec,
+  spec: NodeSpec,
  children: Vec<StoredNode>,
 }

@@ -30,6 +48,20 @@ impl TreeNode for StoredNode {
  }
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct TargetNode {
+  /// Optional block id marker from exported markdown (AI-editable markers).
+  id_hint: Option<String>,
+  spec: NodeSpec,
+  children: Vec<TargetNode>,
+}
+
+impl TreeNode for TargetNode {
+  fn children(&self) -> &[TargetNode] {
+    &self.children
+  }
+}
+
 struct DocState {
  doc: Doc,
  note_id: String,
@@ -59,8 +91,24 @@ enum PatchOp {
 /// # Returns
 /// A binary vector representing only the delta (changes) to apply
 pub fn update_doc(existing_binary: &[u8], new_markdown: &str, doc_id: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ParseError> {
-  let mut new_nodes = parse_markdown_blocks(new_markdown)?;
-  let state = load_doc_state(existing_binary, doc_id)?;
+  let state = match load_doc_state(existing_binary, doc_id) {
+    Ok(state) => state,
+    Err(ParseError::ParserError(msg))
+      if matches!(
+        msg.as_str(),
+        "blocks map is empty" | "page block not found" | "note block not found"
+      ) =>
+    {
+      // The existing doc may be a stub/partial document (e.g. created by references)
+      // and doesn't contain the canonical page/note structure yet. In that
+      // case, initialize the doc from the markdown instead of failing hard.
+      let new_nodes = parse_markdown_blocks(new_markdown)?;
+      return init_doc_from_markdown(existing_binary, new_markdown, doc_id, &new_nodes);
+    }
+    Err(err) => return Err(err),
+  };
+
+  let mut new_nodes = parse_markdown_targets(new_markdown)?;

  check_limits(&state.blocks, &new_nodes)?;

@@ -74,6 +122,315 @@ pub fn update_doc(existing_binary: &[u8], new_markdown: &str, doc_id: &str) -> R
  Ok(state.doc.encode_state_as_update_v1(&state_before)?)
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct BlockMarker {
+  id: String,
+  flavour: String,
+  end: bool,
+}
+
+fn parse_block_marker_line(line: &str) -> Option<BlockMarker> {
+  let trimmed = line.trim();
+  if !trimmed.starts_with("<!--") || !trimmed.ends_with("-->") {
+    return None;
+  }
+  let body = trimmed.trim_start_matches("<!--").trim_end_matches("-->").trim();
+  if !body.contains("block_id=") || !body.contains("flavour=") {
+    return None;
+  }
+
+  let mut id: Option<String> = None;
+  let mut flavour: Option<String> = None;
+  let mut end = false;
+
+  for token in body.split_whitespace() {
+    if token == "end" || token == "type=end" || token == "end=true" {
+      end = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if let Some(value) = token.strip_prefix("block_id=") {
+      if !value.is_empty() {
+        id = Some(value.to_string());
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if let Some(value) = token.strip_prefix("flavour=") {
+      if !value.is_empty() {
+        flavour = Some(value.to_string());
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Some(BlockMarker {
+    id: id?,
+    flavour: flavour?,
+    end,
+  })
+}
+
+fn should_preserve_marker_flavour(flavour: &str) -> bool {
+  matches!(flavour, "affine:database" | "affine:callout")
+}
+
+fn parse_markdown_targets(markdown: &str) -> Result<Vec<TargetNode>, ParseError> {
+  // Fast path: no markers, behave like the original implementation.
+  if !markdown.contains("block_id=") || !markdown.contains("flavour=") {
+    let blocks = parse_markdown_blocks(markdown)?;
+    return Ok(blocks.into_iter().map(|b| target_from_block_node(b, None)).collect());
+  }
+
+  // Split the markdown by marker comments. For most blocks, a marker indicates
+  // the start of a block. For preserved blocks (e.g. database), an optional end
+  // marker can be emitted so users can append new content after the preserved
+  // section without needing to add markers manually.
+  let mut segments: Vec<(Option<BlockMarker>, String)> = Vec::new();
+  let mut current_marker: Option<BlockMarker> = None;
+  let mut current_body = String::new();
+  let mut saw_marker = false;
+
+  for line in markdown.lines() {
+    if let Some(marker) = parse_block_marker_line(line) {
+      saw_marker = true;
+      if marker.end {
+        if current_marker.is_some() || !current_body.is_empty() {
+          segments.push((current_marker.take(), std::mem::take(&mut current_body)));
+        }
+        // Close the marker scope; subsequent lines belong to an unmarked segment.
+        current_marker = None;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if current_marker.is_some() || !current_body.is_empty() {
+        segments.push((current_marker.take(), std::mem::take(&mut current_body)));
+      }
+      current_marker = Some(marker);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    current_body.push_str(line);
+    current_body.push('\n');
+  }
+
+  if current_marker.is_some() || !current_body.is_empty() {
+    segments.push((current_marker.take(), current_body));
+  }
+
+  if !saw_marker {
+    let blocks = parse_markdown_blocks(markdown)?;
+    return Ok(blocks.into_iter().map(|b| target_from_block_node(b, None)).collect());
+  }
+
+  let mut out: Vec<TargetNode> = Vec::new();
+  for (marker, body) in segments {
+    if let Some(marker) = marker {
+      let preserve =
+        should_preserve_marker_flavour(&marker.flavour) || BlockFlavour::from_str(&marker.flavour).is_none();
+      if preserve {
+        out.push(TargetNode {
+          id_hint: Some(marker.id),
+          spec: NodeSpec::Opaque {
+            flavour: marker.flavour,
+          },
+          children: Vec::new(),
+        });
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      let blocks = parse_markdown_blocks(&body)?;
+      for (idx, block) in blocks.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let id_hint = if idx == 0 { Some(marker.id.clone()) } else { None };
+        out.push(target_from_block_node(block, id_hint));
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    let trimmed = body.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    let blocks = parse_markdown_blocks(&body)?;
+    for block in blocks {
+      out.push(target_from_block_node(block, None));
+    }
+  }
+
+  Ok(out)
+}
+
+fn target_from_block_node(node: BlockNode, id_hint: Option<String>) -> TargetNode {
+  TargetNode {
+    id_hint,
+    spec: NodeSpec::Supported(node.spec),
+    children: node
+      .children
+      .into_iter()
+      .map(|child| target_from_block_node(child, None))
+      .collect(),
+  }
+}
+
+fn target_node_to_block_node(node: &TargetNode) -> Result<BlockNode, ParseError> {
+  let NodeSpec::Supported(spec) = &node.spec else {
+    return Err(ParseError::ParserError("cannot_insert_opaque_block".into()));
+  };
+  Ok(BlockNode {
+    spec: spec.clone(),
+    children: node
+      .children
+      .iter()
+      .map(target_node_to_block_node)
+      .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
+  })
+}
+
+fn init_doc_from_markdown(
+  existing_binary: &[u8],
+  new_markdown: &str,
+  doc_id: &str,
+  blocks: &[BlockNode],
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ParseError> {
+  let doc = load_doc(existing_binary, Some(doc_id))?;
+  let state_before = doc.get_state_vector();
+  let mut blocks_map = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks")?;
+
+  let title = derive_title_from_markdown(new_markdown).unwrap_or_else(|| "Untitled".to_string());
+  // Prefer reusing an existing page block if the doc already has one (but is
+  // missing surface/note). This avoids creating multiple page roots when
+  // recovering from partial documents.
+  if !blocks_map.is_empty() {
+    let index = build_block_index(&blocks_map);
+    if let Some(page_id) = find_block_id_by_flavour(&index.block_pool, PAGE_FLAVOUR) {
+      insert_page_children(&doc, &mut blocks_map, &page_id, &title, blocks)?;
+      return Ok(doc.encode_state_as_update_v1(&state_before)?);
+    }
+  }
+
+  insert_page_doc(&doc, &mut blocks_map, &title, blocks)?;
+
+  Ok(doc.encode_state_as_update_v1(&state_before)?)
+}
+
+fn derive_title_from_markdown(markdown: &str) -> Option<String> {
+  for line in markdown.lines() {
+    let trimmed = line.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if let Some(rest) = trimmed.strip_prefix("# ") {
+      let title = rest.trim();
+      if !title.is_empty() {
+        return Some(title.to_string());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  None
+}
+
+fn insert_page_doc(doc: &Doc, blocks_map: &mut Map, title: &str, blocks: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
+  let page_id = nanoid::nanoid!();
+  let surface_id = nanoid::nanoid!();
+  let note_id = nanoid::nanoid!();
+
+  // Insert root blocks first to establish stable IDs.
+  let mut page_map = insert_block_map(doc, blocks_map, &page_id)?;
+  let mut surface_map = insert_block_map(doc, blocks_map, &surface_id)?;
+  let mut note_map = insert_block_map(doc, blocks_map, &note_id)?;
+
+  // Create content blocks under note.
+  let content_ids = insert_block_trees(doc, blocks_map, blocks)?;
+
+  // Page block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut page_map, &page_id, PAGE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut page_map, &[surface_id.clone(), note_id.clone()])?;
+  insert_text(doc, &mut page_map, PROP_TITLE, &text_ops_from_plain(title))?;
+
+  // Surface block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut surface_map, &surface_id, SURFACE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut surface_map, &[])?;
+  let mut boxed = boxed_empty_map(doc)?;
+  surface_map.insert(PROP_ELEMENTS.to_string(), Value::Map(boxed.clone()))?;
+  boxed.insert("type".to_string(), Any::String(BOXED_NATIVE_TYPE.to_string()))?;
+  let value = doc.create_map()?;
+  boxed.insert("value".to_string(), Value::Map(value))?;
+
+  // Note block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut note_map, &note_id, NOTE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut note_map, &content_ids)?;
+  let mut background = note_background_map(doc)?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_BACKGROUND.to_string(), Value::Map(background.clone()))?;
+  background.insert("light".to_string(), Any::String(NOTE_BG_LIGHT.to_string()))?;
+  background.insert("dark".to_string(), Any::String(NOTE_BG_DARK.to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_XYWH.to_string(), Any::String("[0,0,800,95]".to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_INDEX.to_string(), Any::String("a0".to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_HIDDEN.to_string(), Any::False)?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_DISPLAY_MODE.to_string(), Any::String("both".to_string()))?;
+
+  Ok(())
+}
+
+fn insert_page_children(
+  doc: &Doc,
+  blocks_map: &mut Map,
+  page_id: &str,
+  title: &str,
+  blocks: &[BlockNode],
+) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
+  let surface_id = nanoid::nanoid!();
+  let note_id = nanoid::nanoid!();
+
+  // Insert root blocks first to establish stable IDs.
+  let mut surface_map = insert_block_map(doc, blocks_map, &surface_id)?;
+  let mut note_map = insert_block_map(doc, blocks_map, &note_id)?;
+
+  // Create content blocks under note.
+  let content_ids = insert_block_trees(doc, blocks_map, blocks)?;
+
+  let Some(mut page_map) = blocks_map.get(page_id).and_then(|v| v.to_map()) else {
+    return Err(ParseError::ParserError("page block not found".into()));
+  };
+
+  // Page block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut page_map, page_id, PAGE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut page_map, &[surface_id.clone(), note_id.clone()])?;
+  if page_map.get(PROP_TITLE).is_none() {
+    insert_text(doc, &mut page_map, PROP_TITLE, &text_ops_from_plain(title))?;
+  }
+
+  // Surface block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut surface_map, &surface_id, SURFACE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut surface_map, &[])?;
+  let mut boxed = boxed_empty_map(doc)?;
+  surface_map.insert(PROP_ELEMENTS.to_string(), Value::Map(boxed.clone()))?;
+  boxed.insert("type".to_string(), Any::String(BOXED_NATIVE_TYPE.to_string()))?;
+  let value = doc.create_map()?;
+  boxed.insert("value".to_string(), Value::Map(value))?;
+
+  // Note block.
+  insert_sys_fields(&mut note_map, &note_id, NOTE_FLAVOUR)?;
+  insert_children(doc, &mut note_map, &content_ids)?;
+  let mut background = note_background_map(doc)?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_BACKGROUND.to_string(), Value::Map(background.clone()))?;
+  background.insert("light".to_string(), Any::String(NOTE_BG_LIGHT.to_string()))?;
+  background.insert("dark".to_string(), Any::String(NOTE_BG_DARK.to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_XYWH.to_string(), Any::String("[0,0,800,95]".to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_INDEX.to_string(), Any::String("a0".to_string()))?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_HIDDEN.to_string(), Any::False)?;
+  note_map.insert(PROP_DISPLAY_MODE.to_string(), Any::String("both".to_string()))?;
+
+  Ok(())
+}
+
+fn insert_block_trees(doc: &Doc, blocks_map: &mut Map, blocks: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<Vec<String>, ParseError> {
+  let mut ids = Vec::with_capacity(blocks.len());
+  for block in blocks {
+    let id = insert_block_tree(doc, blocks_map, block)?;
+    ids.push(id);
+  }
+  Ok(ids)
+}
+
 fn load_doc_state(binary: &[u8], doc_id: &str) -> Result<DocState, ParseError> {
  let doc = load_doc(binary, Some(doc_id))?;

@@ -110,14 +467,31 @@ fn load_doc_state(binary: &[u8], doc_id: &str) -> Result<DocState, ParseError> {
 }

 fn build_stored_tree(block_id: &str, block: &Map, pool: &HashMap<String, Map>) -> Result<StoredNode, ParseError> {
-  let spec = BlockSpec::from_block_map(block)?;
-
  let child_ids = collect_child_ids(block);
+  let flavour = get_string(block, "sys:flavour").unwrap_or_default();
+
+  let spec = match BlockSpec::from_block_map(block) {
+    Ok(spec) => spec,
+    Err(ParseError::ParserError(msg)) if msg.starts_with("unsupported block flavour:") => {
+      return Ok(StoredNode {
+        id: block_id.to_string(),
+        spec: NodeSpec::Opaque { flavour },
+        children: Vec::new(),
+      });
+    }
+    Err(err) => return Err(err),
+  };
+
+  // Only list/callout are supported as containers for markdown diffing.
+  // For any other block with children, treat as opaque so we never corrupt it.
  if !child_ids.is_empty() && !matches!(spec.flavour, BlockFlavour::List | BlockFlavour::Callout) {
-    return Err(ParseError::ParserError(format!(
-      "unsupported children on block: {block_id}"
-    )));
+    return Ok(StoredNode {
+      id: block_id.to_string(),
+      spec: NodeSpec::Opaque { flavour },
+      children: Vec::new(),
+    });
  }
+
  let mut children = Vec::new();
  for child_id in child_ids {
    let child_block = pool
@@ -128,7 +502,7 @@ fn build_stored_tree(block_id: &str, block: &Map, pool: &HashMap<String, Map>) -

  Ok(StoredNode {
    id: block_id.to_string(),
-    spec,
+    spec: NodeSpec::Supported(spec),
    children,
  })
 }
@@ -137,7 +511,7 @@ fn sync_nodes(
  doc: &Doc,
  blocks_map: &mut Map,
  current: &[StoredNode],
-  target: &mut [BlockNode],
+  target: &mut [TargetNode],
 ) -> Result<Vec<String>, ParseError> {
  let ops = diff_blocks(current, target);
  let mut new_children = Vec::new();
@@ -148,29 +522,47 @@ fn sync_nodes(
      PatchOp::Keep(old_idx, new_idx) => {
        let old_node = &current[old_idx];
        let new_node = &target[new_idx];
-        update_block_props(doc, blocks_map, old_node, &new_node.spec, true)?;
-        let child_ids = sync_nodes(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.children, &mut new_node.children.clone())?;
-        sync_children(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, &child_ids)?;
+        if let (NodeSpec::Supported(old_spec), NodeSpec::Supported(new_spec)) = (&old_node.spec, &new_node.spec) {
+          update_block_props(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, old_spec, new_spec, true)?;
+          let child_ids = sync_nodes(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.children, &mut new_node.children.clone())?;
+          sync_children(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, &child_ids)?;
+        } else {
+          // Preserve opaque blocks (and any mismatched marker blocks) as-is.
+          // Don't touch their properties or children ordering.
+        }
        new_children.push(old_node.id.clone());
      }
      PatchOp::Update(old_idx, new_idx) => {
        let old_node = &current[old_idx];
        let new_node = &target[new_idx];
-        update_block_props(doc, blocks_map, old_node, &new_node.spec, false)?;
-        let child_ids = sync_nodes(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.children, &mut new_node.children.clone())?;
-        sync_children(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, &child_ids)?;
+        if let (NodeSpec::Supported(old_spec), NodeSpec::Supported(new_spec)) = (&old_node.spec, &new_node.spec) {
+          update_block_props(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, old_spec, new_spec, false)?;
+          let child_ids = sync_nodes(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.children, &mut new_node.children.clone())?;
+          sync_children(doc, blocks_map, &old_node.id, &child_ids)?;
+        } else {
+          // Opaque blocks are never updated from markdown.
+        }
        new_children.push(old_node.id.clone());
      }
      PatchOp::Insert(new_idx) => {
-        let new_id = insert_block_tree(doc, blocks_map, &target[new_idx])?;
-        new_children.push(new_id);
+        if let Ok(node) = target_node_to_block_node(&target[new_idx]) {
+          let new_id = insert_block_tree(doc, blocks_map, &node)?;
+          new_children.push(new_id);
+        }
      }
      PatchOp::Delete(old_idx) => {
        let node = &current[old_idx];
-        if node.spec.flavour == BlockFlavour::Callout {
-          new_children.push(node.id.clone());
-        } else {
-          collect_tree_ids(node, &mut to_remove);
+        match &node.spec {
+          NodeSpec::Opaque { .. } => {
+            // Never delete opaque blocks when syncing from markdown. They might contain
+            // rich data that can't be represented in markdown, so keeping them
+            // avoids data loss.
+            new_children.push(node.id.clone());
+          }
+          NodeSpec::Supported(spec) if spec.flavour == BlockFlavour::Callout => {
+            new_children.push(node.id.clone());
+          }
+          NodeSpec::Supported(_) => collect_tree_ids(node, &mut to_remove),
        }
      }
    }
@@ -183,7 +575,7 @@ fn sync_nodes(
  Ok(new_children)
 }

-fn diff_blocks(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Vec<PatchOp> {
+fn diff_blocks(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[TargetNode]) -> Vec<PatchOp> {
  let old_len = current.len();
  let new_len = target.len();

@@ -198,10 +590,10 @@ fn diff_blocks(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Vec<PatchOp> {

  for i in 1..=old_len {
    for j in 1..=new_len {
-      let old_spec = &current[i - 1].spec;
-      let new_spec = &target[j - 1].spec;
+      let old_node = &current[i - 1];
+      let new_node = &target[j - 1];

-      if old_spec.is_exact(new_spec) {
+      if nodes_align(old_node, new_node) {
        lcs[i][j] = lcs[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;
      } else {
        lcs[i][j] = std::cmp::max(lcs[i - 1][j], lcs[i][j - 1]);
@@ -215,14 +607,18 @@ fn diff_blocks(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Vec<PatchOp> {

  while i > 0 || j > 0 {
    if i > 0 && j > 0 {
-      let old_spec = &current[i - 1].spec;
-      let new_spec = &target[j - 1].spec;
+      let old_node = &current[i - 1];
+      let new_node = &target[j - 1];

-      if old_spec.is_exact(new_spec) {
-        ops.push(PatchOp::Keep(i - 1, j - 1));
+      if nodes_align(old_node, new_node) {
+        if nodes_should_update(old_node, new_node) {
+          ops.push(PatchOp::Update(i - 1, j - 1));
+        } else {
+          ops.push(PatchOp::Keep(i - 1, j - 1));
+        }
        i -= 1;
        j -= 1;
-      } else if old_spec.is_similar(new_spec)
+      } else if nodes_similar(old_node, new_node)
        && lcs[i - 1][j - 1] >= lcs[i - 1][j]
        && lcs[i - 1][j - 1] >= lcs[i][j - 1]
      {
@@ -249,15 +645,60 @@ fn diff_blocks(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Vec<PatchOp> {
  ops
 }

+fn nodes_align(old_node: &StoredNode, new_node: &TargetNode) -> bool {
+  if marker_matches(old_node, new_node) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  match (&old_node.spec, &new_node.spec) {
+    (NodeSpec::Supported(old_spec), NodeSpec::Supported(new_spec)) => old_spec.is_exact(new_spec),
+    _ => false,
+  }
+}
+
+fn nodes_should_update(old_node: &StoredNode, new_node: &TargetNode) -> bool {
+  if marker_matches(old_node, new_node) {
+    return match (&old_node.spec, &new_node.spec) {
+      (NodeSpec::Supported(old_spec), NodeSpec::Supported(new_spec)) => !old_spec.is_exact(new_spec),
+      _ => false,
+    };
+  }
+  false
+}
+
+fn nodes_similar(old_node: &StoredNode, new_node: &TargetNode) -> bool {
+  match (&old_node.spec, &new_node.spec) {
+    (NodeSpec::Supported(old_spec), NodeSpec::Supported(new_spec)) => old_spec.is_similar(new_spec),
+    _ => false,
+  }
+}
+
+fn marker_matches(old_node: &StoredNode, new_node: &TargetNode) -> bool {
+  let Some(id) = new_node.id_hint.as_deref() else {
+    return false;
+  };
+  if id != old_node.id.as_str() {
+    return false;
+  }
+  node_flavour_str(&old_node.spec) == node_flavour_str(&new_node.spec)
+}
+
+fn node_flavour_str(spec: &NodeSpec) -> &str {
+  match spec {
+    NodeSpec::Supported(spec) => spec.flavour.as_str(),
+    NodeSpec::Opaque { flavour } => flavour.as_str(),
+  }
+}
+
 fn update_block_props(
  doc: &Doc,
  blocks_map: &mut Map,
-  node: &StoredNode,
+  node_id: &str,
+  current: &BlockSpec,
  target: &BlockSpec,
  preserve_text: bool,
 ) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
-  let Some(mut block) = blocks_map.get(&node.id).and_then(|v| v.to_map()) else {
-    return Err(ParseError::ParserError(format!("Block {} not found", node.id)));
+  let Some(mut block) = blocks_map.get(node_id).and_then(|v| v.to_map()) else {
+    return Err(ParseError::ParserError(format!("Block {} not found", node_id)));
  };

  let preserve = match target.flavour {
@@ -266,7 +707,7 @@ fn update_block_props(
    | BlockFlavour::Bookmark
    | BlockFlavour::EmbedYoutube
    | BlockFlavour::EmbedIframe => preserve_text,
-    _ => preserve_text || text_delta_eq(&node.spec.text, &target.text),
+    _ => preserve_text || text_delta_eq(&current.text, &target.text),
  };

  apply_block_spec(
@@ -302,7 +743,7 @@ fn collect_tree_ids(node: &StoredNode, output: &mut Vec<String>) {
  }
 }

-fn check_limits(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
+fn check_limits(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[TargetNode]) -> Result<(), ParseError> {
  let current_count = count_tree_nodes(current);
  let target_count = count_tree_nodes(target);

@@ -319,7 +760,7 @@ fn check_limits(current: &[StoredNode], target: &[BlockNode]) -> Result<(), Pars

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-  use y_octo::{Any, DocOptions, TextDeltaOp, TextInsert};
+  use y_octo::{Any, DocOptions, StateVector, TextDeltaOp, TextInsert};

  use super::{super::builder::text_ops_from_plain, *};
  use crate::doc_parser::{
@@ -647,6 +1088,233 @@ mod tests {
    assert!(result.is_err());
  }

+  #[test]
+  fn test_update_ydoc_fallback_when_blocks_empty() {
+    let doc_id = "stub-empty-blocks";
+    let markdown = "# From Markdown\n\nHello from markdown.";
+
+    // Build a valid ydoc update that results in an empty `blocks` map.
+    // NOTE: yjs/y-octo may encode a completely empty doc as `[0,0]`, which we treat
+    // as empty/invalid. We intentionally insert + remove a temp key so the
+    // update is non-empty while the final map is empty.
+    let doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    let mut blocks = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks").expect("create blocks map");
+    blocks
+      .insert("tmp".to_string(), Any::String("1".to_string()))
+      .expect("insert temp");
+    blocks.remove("tmp");
+    let stub_bin = doc
+      .encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())
+      .expect("encode stub update");
+    assert!(
+      !stub_bin.is_empty() && stub_bin.as_slice() != [0, 0],
+      "stub update should not be empty update"
+    );
+
+    let delta = update_doc(&stub_bin, markdown, doc_id).expect("fallback delta");
+    assert!(!delta.is_empty(), "delta should contain changes");
+
+    let mut updated = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&stub_bin)
+      .expect("apply stub update");
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&delta)
+      .expect("apply fallback delta");
+
+    let blocks_map = updated.get_map("blocks").expect("blocks map exists");
+
+    let mut page: Option<Map> = None;
+    for (_, value) in blocks_map.iter() {
+      if let Some(block_map) = value.to_map()
+        && get_string(&block_map, "sys:flavour").as_deref() == Some(PAGE_FLAVOUR)
+      {
+        page = Some(block_map);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    let page = page.expect("page block created");
+    assert_eq!(
+      get_string(&page, "prop:title").as_deref(),
+      Some("From Markdown"),
+      "page title should be derived from markdown H1"
+    );
+
+    let index = build_block_index(&blocks_map);
+    let note_id = find_child_id_by_flavour(&page, &index.block_pool, NOTE_FLAVOUR).expect("note child exists");
+
+    let note = index.block_pool.get(&note_id).expect("note block exists").clone();
+    assert!(
+      !collect_child_ids(&note).is_empty(),
+      "note should contain imported content blocks"
+    );
+
+    let full_bin = updated
+      .encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())
+      .expect("encode full doc");
+    let md = parse_doc_to_markdown(full_bin, doc_id.to_string(), false, None).expect("render markdown");
+    assert!(md.markdown.contains("Hello from markdown."));
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn test_update_ydoc_fallback_when_page_missing() {
+    let doc_id = "stub-page-missing";
+    let markdown = "# Title\n\nUpdated content.";
+
+    // Build a stub doc that has some blocks, but no `affine:page` root.
+    let doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    let mut blocks_map = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks").expect("create blocks map");
+    let para_id = "para-1";
+    let mut para = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, para_id).expect("insert para");
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut para, para_id, "affine:paragraph").expect("sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut para, &[]).expect("children");
+
+    let stub_bin = doc
+      .encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())
+      .expect("encode stub update");
+    assert!(!stub_bin.is_empty(), "stub update should not be empty");
+
+    let delta = update_doc(&stub_bin, markdown, doc_id).expect("fallback delta");
+    assert!(!delta.is_empty(), "delta should contain changes");
+
+    let mut updated = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&stub_bin)
+      .expect("apply stub update");
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&delta)
+      .expect("apply fallback delta");
+
+    let blocks_map = updated.get_map("blocks").expect("blocks map exists");
+    let index = build_block_index(&blocks_map);
+    let page_id = find_block_id_by_flavour(&index.block_pool, PAGE_FLAVOUR).expect("page block exists");
+    let page = index.block_pool.get(&page_id).expect("page map exists").clone();
+
+    let note_id = find_child_id_by_flavour(&page, &index.block_pool, NOTE_FLAVOUR).expect("note child exists");
+    let note = index.block_pool.get(&note_id).expect("note block exists").clone();
+    assert!(
+      !collect_child_ids(&note).is_empty(),
+      "note should contain imported content blocks"
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn test_update_ydoc_fallback_when_note_missing() {
+    let doc_id = "stub-note-missing";
+    let markdown = "# Title\n\nUpdated content.";
+
+    // Build a stub doc that has an `affine:page` block but doesn't contain a note
+    // child.
+    let doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    let mut blocks_map = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks").expect("create blocks map");
+    let page_id = "page-1";
+    let mut page = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, page_id).expect("insert page");
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut page, page_id, PAGE_FLAVOUR).expect("sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut page, &[]).expect("children");
+
+    let stub_bin = doc
+      .encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())
+      .expect("encode stub update");
+    assert!(!stub_bin.is_empty(), "stub update should not be empty");
+
+    let delta = update_doc(&stub_bin, markdown, doc_id).expect("fallback delta");
+    assert!(!delta.is_empty(), "delta should contain changes");
+
+    let mut updated = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&stub_bin)
+      .expect("apply stub update");
+    updated
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&delta)
+      .expect("apply fallback delta");
+
+    let blocks_map = updated.get_map("blocks").expect("blocks map exists");
+    let index = build_block_index(&blocks_map);
+    let page_id = find_block_id_by_flavour(&index.block_pool, PAGE_FLAVOUR).expect("page block exists");
+    let page = index.block_pool.get(&page_id).expect("page map exists").clone();
+
+    let note_id = find_child_id_by_flavour(&page, &index.block_pool, NOTE_FLAVOUR).expect("note child exists");
+    let note = index.block_pool.get(&note_id).expect("note block exists").clone();
+    assert!(
+      !collect_child_ids(&note).is_empty(),
+      "note should contain imported content blocks"
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn test_update_ydoc_preserves_opaque_blocks_when_unsupported_block_flavour() {
+    let doc_id = "unsupported-flavour-replace";
+
+    // Build a doc with canonical page/note structure, but add an unsupported block
+    // flavour under note. This simulates real-world docs that contain blocks we
+    // don't support for structural diffing.
+    let doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    let mut blocks_map = doc.get_or_create_map("blocks").expect("create blocks map");
+
+    let page_id = "page-1";
+    let surface_id = "surface-1";
+    let note_id = "note-1";
+    let db_id = "db-1";
+
+    let mut page = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, page_id).expect("insert page");
+    let mut surface = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, surface_id).expect("insert surface");
+    let mut note = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, note_id).expect("insert note");
+    let mut db = insert_block_map(&doc, &mut blocks_map, db_id).expect("insert db");
+
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut page, page_id, PAGE_FLAVOUR).expect("page sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut page, &[surface_id.to_string(), note_id.to_string()]).expect("page children");
+    insert_text(&doc, &mut page, PROP_TITLE, &text_ops_from_plain("Title")).expect("page title");
+
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut surface, surface_id, SURFACE_FLAVOUR).expect("surface sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut surface, &[]).expect("surface children");
+    let mut boxed = boxed_empty_map(&doc).expect("boxed map");
+    surface
+      .insert(PROP_ELEMENTS.to_string(), Value::Map(boxed.clone()))
+      .expect("surface elements");
+    boxed
+      .insert("type".to_string(), Any::String(BOXED_NATIVE_TYPE.to_string()))
+      .expect("boxed type");
+    let value = doc.create_map().expect("boxed value map");
+    boxed
+      .insert("value".to_string(), Value::Map(value))
+      .expect("boxed value");
+
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut note, note_id, NOTE_FLAVOUR).expect("note sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut note, &[db_id.to_string()]).expect("note children");
+
+    // Unsupported flavour.
+    insert_sys_fields(&mut db, db_id, "affine:database").expect("db sys fields");
+    insert_children(&doc, &mut db, &[]).expect("db children");
+
+    let initial_bin = doc
+      .encode_state_as_update_v1(&StateVector::default())
+      .expect("encode initial");
+
+    // Updating should succeed and preserve the opaque block rather than deleting
+    // it.
+    let updated_md = "# New Title\n\nHello.";
+    let delta = update_doc(&initial_bin, updated_md, doc_id).expect("delta");
+    assert!(!delta.is_empty(), "delta should contain changes");
+
+    let mut updated_doc = DocOptions::new().with_guid(doc_id.to_string()).build();
+    updated_doc
+      .apply_update_from_binary_v1(&initial_bin)
+      .expect("apply initial");
+    updated_doc.apply_update_from_binary_v1(&delta).expect("apply delta");
+
+    let blocks_map = updated_doc.get_map("blocks").expect("blocks map");
+    assert!(
+      blocks_map.get(db_id).is_some(),
+      "opaque block should be preserved when syncing from markdown"
+    );
+
+    let md = parse_doc_to_markdown(updated_doc.encode_update_v1().unwrap(), doc_id.to_string(), false, None)
+      .expect("render markdown")
+      .markdown;
+    assert!(md.contains("Hello."));
+  }
+
  #[test]
  fn test_update_ydoc_markdown_too_large() {
    let initial_md = "# Title\n\nContent.";
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
    "./broadcast-channel": "./src/impls/broadcast-channel/index.ts",
    "./idb/v1": "./src/impls/idb/v1/index.ts",
    "./cloud": "./src/impls/cloud/index.ts",
+    "./disk": "./src/impls/disk/index.ts",
    "./sqlite": "./src/impls/sqlite/index.ts",
    "./sqlite/v1": "./src/impls/sqlite/v1/index.ts",
    "./sync": "./src/sync/index.ts",
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More