sharpemu/src/SharpEmu.Libs/Kernel/KernelSemaphoreCompatExports.cs

// Copyright (C) 2026 SharpEmu Emulator Project
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

using System.Buffers.Binary;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Text;
using SharpEmu.HLE;

namespace SharpEmu.Libs.Kernel;

public static class KernelSemaphoreCompatExports
{
    private const int MaxSemaphoreNameLength = 128;
    private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<uint, KernelSemaphoreState> _semaphores = new();
    private static int _nextSemaphoreHandle = 1;

    private sealed class KernelSemaphoreState
    {
        public required string Name { get; init; }
        public required int InitialCount { get; init; }
        public required int MaxCount { get; init; }
        public int Count { get; set; }
        public int WaitingThreads { get; set; }
        public object Gate { get; } = new();
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "188x57JYp0g",
        ExportName = "sceKernelCreateSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelCreateSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var semaphoreAddress = ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi];
        var nameAddress = ctx[CpuRegister.Rsi];
        var attr = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdx]);
        var initialCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.Rcx]);
        var maxCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.R8]);
        var optionAddress = ctx[CpuRegister.R9];

        if (semaphoreAddress == 0 ||
            nameAddress == 0 ||
            attr > 2 ||
            initialCount < 0 ||
            maxCount <= 0 ||
            initialCount > maxCount ||
            optionAddress != 0)
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        if (!TryReadNullTerminatedUtf8(ctx, nameAddress, MaxSemaphoreNameLength, out var name))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_MEMORY_FAULT);
        }

        var handle = unchecked((uint)Interlocked.Increment(ref _nextSemaphoreHandle));
        if (handle == 0)
        {
            handle = unchecked((uint)Interlocked.Increment(ref _nextSemaphoreHandle));
        }

        _semaphores[handle] = new KernelSemaphoreState
        {
            Name = name,
            InitialCount = initialCount,
            MaxCount = maxCount,
            Count = initialCount,
        };

        if (!TryWriteUInt32(ctx, semaphoreAddress, handle))
        {
            _semaphores.TryRemove(handle, out _);
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_MEMORY_FAULT);
        }

        TraceSemaphore($"create handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{name}' attr=0x{attr:X} init={initialCount} max={maxCount}");
        return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "Zxa0VhQVTsk",
        ExportName = "sceKernelWaitSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelWaitSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var handle = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi]);
        var needCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.Rsi]);
        var timeoutAddress = ctx[CpuRegister.Rdx];

        if (!_semaphores.TryGetValue(handle, out var semaphore))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
        }

        if (needCount < 1 || needCount > semaphore.MaxCount)
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        lock (semaphore.Gate)
        {
            if (semaphore.Count >= needCount)
            {
                semaphore.Count -= needCount;
                TraceSemaphore($"wait handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
            }

            if (timeoutAddress != 0)
            {
                if (!TryReadUInt32(ctx, timeoutAddress, out _))
                {
                    return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_MEMORY_FAULT);
                }

                _ = TryWriteUInt32(ctx, timeoutAddress, 0);
                TraceSemaphore($"wait-timeout handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_TIMED_OUT);
            }

            if (!GuestThreadExecution.RequestCurrentThreadBlock(ctx, "sceKernelWaitSema"))
            {
                TraceSemaphore($"wait-would-block handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_TRY_AGAIN);
            }

            semaphore.WaitingThreads++;
            TraceSemaphore($"wait-block handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count} waiters={semaphore.WaitingThreads}");
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
        }
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "12wOHk8ywb0",
        ExportName = "sceKernelPollSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelPollSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var handle = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi]);
        var needCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.Rsi]);

        if (!_semaphores.TryGetValue(handle, out var semaphore))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
        }

        if (needCount < 1 || needCount > semaphore.MaxCount)
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        lock (semaphore.Gate)
        {
            if (semaphore.Count < needCount)
            {
                TraceSemaphore($"poll-busy handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_BUSY);
            }

            semaphore.Count -= needCount;
            TraceSemaphore($"poll handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' need={needCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
        }
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "4czppHBiriw",
        ExportName = "sceKernelSignalSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelSignalSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var handle = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi]);
        var signalCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.Rsi]);

        if (!_semaphores.TryGetValue(handle, out var semaphore))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
        }

        if (signalCount <= 0)
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        lock (semaphore.Gate)
        {
            if (semaphore.Count > semaphore.MaxCount - signalCount)
            {
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
            }

            semaphore.Count += signalCount;
            TraceSemaphore($"signal handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' signal={signalCount} count={semaphore.Count} waiters={semaphore.WaitingThreads}");
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
        }
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "4DM06U2BNEY",
        ExportName = "sceKernelCancelSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelCancelSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var handle = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi]);
        var setCount = unchecked((int)ctx[CpuRegister.Rsi]);
        var waitingThreadsAddress = ctx[CpuRegister.Rdx];

        if (!_semaphores.TryGetValue(handle, out var semaphore))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
        }

        if (setCount > semaphore.MaxCount)
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
        }

        lock (semaphore.Gate)
        {
            if (waitingThreadsAddress != 0 && !TryWriteUInt32(ctx, waitingThreadsAddress, unchecked((uint)semaphore.WaitingThreads)))
            {
                return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_MEMORY_FAULT);
            }

            semaphore.Count = setCount < 0 ? semaphore.InitialCount : setCount;
            semaphore.WaitingThreads = 0;
            TraceSemaphore($"cancel handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}' set={setCount} count={semaphore.Count}");
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
        }
    }

    [SysAbiExport(
        Nid = "R1Jvn8bSCW8",
        ExportName = "sceKernelDeleteSema",
        Target = Generation.Gen4 | Generation.Gen5,
        LibraryName = "libKernel")]
    public static int KernelDeleteSema(CpuContext ctx)
    {
        var handle = unchecked((uint)ctx[CpuRegister.Rdi]);
        if (!_semaphores.TryRemove(handle, out var semaphore))
        {
            return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
        }

        TraceSemaphore($"delete handle=0x{handle:X8} name='{semaphore.Name}'");
        return SetReturn(ctx, OrbisGen2Result.ORBIS_GEN2_OK);
    }

    private static int SetReturn(CpuContext ctx, OrbisGen2Result result)
    {
        var value = (int)result;
        ctx[CpuRegister.Rax] = unchecked((ulong)value);
        return value;
    }

    private static bool TryReadUInt32(CpuContext ctx, ulong address, out uint value)
    {
        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[sizeof(uint)];
        if (!ctx.Memory.TryRead(address, buffer))
        {
            value = 0;
            return false;
        }

        value = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32LittleEndian(buffer);
        return true;
    }

    private static bool TryWriteUInt32(CpuContext ctx, ulong address, uint value)
    {
        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[sizeof(uint)];
        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt32LittleEndian(buffer, value);
        return ctx.Memory.TryWrite(address, buffer);
    }

    private static bool TryReadNullTerminatedUtf8(CpuContext ctx, ulong address, int maxLength, out string value)
    {
        value = string.Empty;
        if (address == 0 || maxLength <= 0)
        {
            return false;
        }

        var bytes = new byte[Math.Min(maxLength, 4096)];
        for (var i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
        {
            Span<byte> current = stackalloc byte[1];
            if (!ctx.Memory.TryRead(address + (ulong)i, current))
            {
                return false;
            }

            if (current[0] == 0)
            {
                value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
                return true;
            }

            bytes[i] = current[0];
        }

        value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
        return true;
    }

    private static void TraceSemaphore(string message)
    {
        if (string.Equals(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SHARPEMU_LOG_SEMA"), "1", StringComparison.Ordinal))
        {
            Console.Error.WriteLine($"[LOADER][TRACE] sema.{message}");
        }
    }
}