diff --git a/packages/backend/server/src/__tests__/doc/userspace.spec.ts b/packages/backend/server/src/__tests__/doc/userspace.spec.ts
index 2ee691ba21..14f97d74d6 100644
--- a/packages/backend/server/src/__tests__/doc/userspace.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/server/src/__tests__/doc/userspace.spec.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,145 @@
-import test from 'ava';
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 
-test('should test through userspace', t => {
-  t.pass();
+import ava, { TestFn } from 'ava';
+import { applyUpdate, Doc as YDoc } from 'yjs';
+
+import { ConfigModule } from '../../base/config';
+import {
+  DocStorageModule,
+  PgUserspaceDocStorageAdapter as Adapter,
+} from '../../core/doc';
+import { Models, type User } from '../../models';
+import { createTestingModule, type TestingModule } from '../utils';
+
+interface Context {
+  module: TestingModule;
+  models: Models;
+  adapter: Adapter;
+}
+
+const test = ava as TestFn<Context>;
+
+test.before(async t => {
+  const module = await createTestingModule({
+    imports: [
+      ConfigModule.forRoot({
+        doc: {
+          manager: {
+            enableUpdateAutoMerging: false,
+          },
+        },
+      }),
+      DocStorageModule,
+    ],
+  });
+
+  t.context.models = module.get(Models);
+  t.context.adapter = module.get(Adapter);
+  t.context.module = module;
+});
+
+let user: User;
+
+test.beforeEach(async t => {
+  await t.context.module.initTestingDB();
+  user = await t.context.models.user.create({
+    email: 'test@affine.pro',
+  });
+});
+
+test.after(async t => {
+  await t.context.module.close();
+});
+
+test('should push user doc updates work', async t => {
+  const docId = randomUUID();
+  const doc = new YDoc();
+  const text = doc.getText('content');
+  const updates: Uint8Array[] = [];
+
+  doc.on('update', update => {
+    updates.push(update);
+  });
+
+  text.insert(0, 'hello');
+  text.insert(5, 'world');
+  text.insert(5, ' ');
+
+  let timestamp = await t.context.adapter.pushDocUpdates(
+    user.id,
+    docId,
+    updates
+  );
+  t.truthy(timestamp);
+
+  let record = await t.context.adapter.getDoc(user.id, docId);
+  const newDoc = new YDoc();
+  applyUpdate(newDoc, record!.bin);
+
+  t.is(newDoc.getText('content').toString(), 'hello world');
+  // find all timestamps
+  const timestamps = await t.context.adapter.getSpaceDocTimestamps(user.id);
+  t.deepEqual(timestamps, {
+    [docId]: timestamp,
+  });
+});
+
+test('should delete user doc work', async t => {
+  const docId = randomUUID();
+  const doc = new YDoc();
+  const text = doc.getText('content');
+  const updates: Uint8Array[] = [];
+
+  doc.on('update', update => {
+    updates.push(update);
+  });
+
+  text.insert(0, 'hello');
+  text.insert(5, 'world');
+  text.insert(5, ' ');
+
+  let timestamp = await t.context.adapter.pushDocUpdates(
+    user.id,
+    docId,
+    updates
+  );
+  t.truthy(timestamp);
+
+  let record = await t.context.adapter.getDoc(user.id, docId);
+  t.truthy(record);
+
+  await t.context.adapter.deleteDoc(user.id, docId);
+
+  record = await t.context.adapter.getDoc(user.id, docId);
+  t.falsy(record);
+});
+
+test('should delete all user docs work', async t => {
+  const docId = randomUUID();
+  const doc = new YDoc();
+  const text = doc.getText('content');
+  const updates: Uint8Array[] = [];
+
+  doc.on('update', update => {
+    updates.push(update);
+  });
+
+  text.insert(0, 'hello');
+  text.insert(5, 'world');
+  text.insert(5, ' ');
+
+  let timestamp = await t.context.adapter.pushDocUpdates(
+    user.id,
+    docId,
+    updates
+  );
+  t.truthy(timestamp);
+
+  let record = await t.context.adapter.getDoc(user.id, docId);
+  t.truthy(record);
+
+  await t.context.adapter.deleteSpace(user.id);
+
+  record = await t.context.adapter.getDoc(user.id, docId);
+  t.falsy(record);
 });
diff --git a/packages/backend/server/src/core/doc/adapters/userspace.ts b/packages/backend/server/src/core/doc/adapters/userspace.ts
index d909e09b26..6853d05f93 100644
--- a/packages/backend/server/src/core/doc/adapters/userspace.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/server/src/core/doc/adapters/userspace.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
 
 import { Mutex } from '../../../base';
+import { Models } from '../../../models';
 import { DocStorageOptions } from '../options';
 import { DocRecord, DocStorageAdapter } from '../storage';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class PgUserspaceDocStorageAdapter extends DocStorageAdapter {
   constructor(
-    private readonly db: PrismaClient,
     private readonly mutex: Mutex,
+    private readonly models: Models,
     options: DocStorageOptions
   ) {
     super(options);
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export class PgUserspaceDocStorageAdapter extends DocStorageAdapter {
   }
 
   override async getDoc(spaceId: string, docId: string) {
-    return this.getDocSnapshot(spaceId, docId);
+    return await this.getDocSnapshot(spaceId, docId);
   }
 
   async pushDocUpdates(
@@ -79,103 +79,46 @@ export class PgUserspaceDocStorageAdapter extends DocStorageAdapter {
   }
 
   async deleteDoc(userId: string, docId: string) {
-    await this.db.userSnapshot.deleteMany({
-      where: {
-        userId,
-        id: docId,
-      },
-    });
+    await this.models.userDoc.delete(userId, docId);
   }
 
   async deleteSpace(userId: string) {
-    await this.db.userSnapshot.deleteMany({
-      where: {
-        userId,
-      },
-    });
+    await this.models.userDoc.deleteAllByUserId(userId);
   }
 
   async getSpaceDocTimestamps(userId: string, after?: number) {
-    const snapshots = await this.db.userSnapshot.findMany({
-      select: {
-        id: true,
-        updatedAt: true,
-      },
-      where: {
-        userId,
-        ...(after
-          ? {
-              updatedAt: {
-                gt: new Date(after),
-              },
-            }
-          : {}),
-      },
-    });
-
-    const result: Record<string, number> = {};
-
-    snapshots.forEach(s => {
-      result[s.id] = s.updatedAt.getTime();
-    });
-
-    return result;
+    return await this.models.userDoc.findTimestampsByUserId(userId, after);
   }
 
   protected async getDocSnapshot(userId: string, docId: string) {
-    const snapshot = await this.db.userSnapshot.findUnique({
-      where: {
-        userId_id: {
-          userId,
-          id: docId,
-        },
-      },
-    });
+    const snapshot = await this.models.userDoc.get(userId, docId);
 
     if (!snapshot) {
       return null;
     }
 
     return {
-      spaceId: userId,
-      docId,
+      spaceId: snapshot.spaceId,
+      docId: snapshot.docId,
       bin: snapshot.blob,
-      timestamp: snapshot.updatedAt.getTime(),
-      editor: snapshot.userId,
+      timestamp: snapshot.timestamp,
+      editor: snapshot.editorId,
     };
   }
 
   protected async setDocSnapshot(snapshot: DocRecord) {
     // we always get lock before writing to user snapshot table,
     // so a simple upsert without testing on updatedAt is safe
-    await this.db.userSnapshot.upsert({
-      where: {
-        userId_id: {
-          userId: snapshot.spaceId,
-          id: snapshot.docId,
-        },
-      },
-      update: {
-        blob: Buffer.from(snapshot.bin),
-        updatedAt: new Date(snapshot.timestamp),
-      },
-      create: {
-        userId: snapshot.spaceId,
-        id: snapshot.docId,
-        blob: Buffer.from(snapshot.bin),
-        createdAt: new Date(snapshot.timestamp),
-        updatedAt: new Date(snapshot.timestamp),
-      },
+    await this.models.userDoc.upsert({
+      ...snapshot,
+      blob: Buffer.from(snapshot.bin),
     });
 
     return true;
   }
 
-  protected override async lockDocForUpdate(
-    workspaceId: string,
-    docId: string
-  ) {
-    const lock = await this.mutex.acquire(`userspace:${workspaceId}:${docId}`);
+  protected override async lockDocForUpdate(spaceId: string, docId: string) {
+    const lock = await this.mutex.acquire(`userspace:${spaceId}:${docId}`);
 
     if (!lock) {
       throw new Error('Too many concurrent writings');