diff --git a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/context.ts b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/context.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e19803f2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/context.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createContext } from 'react';
+
+import type { DNDData, ExternalDataAdapter } from './types';
+
+export const DNDContext = createContext<{
+  /**
+   * external data adapter.
+   * if this is provided, the drop target will handle external elements as well.
+   *
+   * @default undefined
+   */
+  externalDataAdapter?: ExternalDataAdapter<DNDData>;
+}>({});
diff --git a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/drop-target.ts b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/drop-target.ts
index 9de6c58205..d00d54c578 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/drop-target.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/drop-target.ts
@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@ import {
   type Instruction,
   type ItemMode,
 } from '@atlaskit/pragmatic-drag-and-drop-hitbox/tree-item';
-import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { useContext, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 
-import type { DNDData } from './types';
+import { DNDContext } from './context';
+import type { DNDData, ExternalDataAdapter } from './types';
 
 export type DropTargetDropEvent<D extends DNDData> = {
   treeInstruction: Instruction | null;
@@ -58,25 +59,27 @@ type DropTargetGet<T, D extends DNDData> =
   | T
   | ((data: DropTargetGetFeedback<D>) => T);
 
-export type ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs = Parameters<
-  NonNullable<Parameters<typeof dropTargetForExternal>[0]['getData']>
->[0];
-
-export type ExternalDataAdapter<D extends DNDData> = (
-  args: ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs
-) => D['draggable'];
+const isExternalDrag = <D extends DNDData>(
+  args: Pick<DropTargetGetFeedback<D>, 'source'>
+) => {
+  return !args.source['data'];
+};
 
 const getAdaptedEventArgs = <
   D extends DNDData,
   Args extends Pick<DropTargetGetFeedback<D>, 'source'>,
 >(
   options: DropTargetOptions<D>,
-  args: Args
+  args: Args,
+  isDropEvent = false
 ): Args => {
   const data =
-    !args.source['data'] && options.externalDataAdapter
-      ? // @ts-expect-error hack for external data adapter (source has no data field)
-        options.externalDataAdapter(args as ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs)
+    isExternalDrag(args) && options.externalDataAdapter
+      ? options.externalDataAdapter(
+          // @ts-expect-error hack for external data adapter (source has no data field)
+          args as ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs,
+          isDropEvent
+        )
       : args.source['data'];
 
   return {
@@ -167,11 +170,16 @@ export interface DropTargetOptions<D extends DNDData = DNDData> {
   onDrag?: (data: DropTargetDragEvent<D>) => void;
   /**
    * external data adapter.
-   * if this is provided, the drop target will handle external elements as well.
+   * Will use the external data adapter from the context if not provided.
+   */
+  externalDataAdapter?: ExternalDataAdapter<D>;
+  /**
+   * Make the drop target allow external data.
+   * If this is undefined, it will be set to true if externalDataAdapter is provided.
    *
    * @default undefined
    */
-  externalDataAdapter?: ExternalDataAdapter<D>;
+  allowExternal?: boolean;
 }
 
 export const useDropTarget = <D extends DNDData = DNDData>(
@@ -205,19 +213,56 @@ export const useDropTarget = <D extends DNDData = DNDData>(
   const enableDraggedOverPosition = useRef(false);
   const enableDropEffect = useRef(false);
 
-  // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
-  const options = useMemo(getOptions, deps);
+  const dropTargetContext = useContext(DNDContext);
+
+  const options = useMemo(() => {
+    const opts = getOptions();
+    const allowExternal = opts.allowExternal ?? !!opts.externalDataAdapter;
+    return {
+      ...opts,
+      allowExternal,
+      externalDataAdapter: allowExternal
+        ? (opts.externalDataAdapter ??
+          (dropTargetContext.externalDataAdapter as ExternalDataAdapter<D>))
+        : undefined,
+    };
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [...deps, dropTargetContext.externalDataAdapter]);
 
   const dropTargetOptions = useMemo(() => {
+    const wrappedCanDrop = dropTargetGet(options.canDrop, options);
     return {
       get element() {
         return dropTargetRef.current;
       },
-      canDrop: dropTargetGet(options.canDrop, options),
+      canDrop: wrappedCanDrop
+        ? (args: DropTargetGetFeedback<D>) => {
+            // check if args has data. if not, it's an external drag
+            // we always allow external drag since the data is only
+            // available in drop event
+            if (isExternalDrag(args) && options.externalDataAdapter) {
+              return true;
+            }
+            return wrappedCanDrop(args);
+          }
+        : undefined,
       getDropEffect: dropTargetGet(options.dropEffect, options),
       getIsSticky: dropTargetGet(options.isSticky, options),
-      onDrop: (args: DropTargetDropEvent<D>) => {
-        args = getAdaptedEventArgs(options, args);
+      onDrop: (_args: DropTargetDropEvent<D>) => {
+        // external data is only available in drop event thus
+        // this is the only case for getAdaptedEventArgs
+        const args = getAdaptedEventArgs(options, _args, true);
+        if (
+          isExternalDrag(_args) &&
+          options.externalDataAdapter &&
+          typeof options.canDrop === 'function' &&
+          // there is a small flaw that canDrop called in onDrop misses
+          // `input and `element` arguments
+          !options.canDrop(args as any)
+        ) {
+          return;
+        }
+
         if (enableDraggedOver.current) {
           setDraggedOver(false);
         }
diff --git a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/index.ts b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/index.ts
index b56004fe3c..59aea6d5b9 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/index.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+export * from './context';
 export * from './draggable';
 export * from './drop-indicator';
 export * from './drop-target';
diff --git a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/types.ts b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/types.ts
index 7300c4753e..01555cf0f5 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/types.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/component/src/ui/dnd/types.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { dropTargetForExternal } from '@atlaskit/pragmatic-drag-and-drop/external/adapter';
+
 export interface DNDData<
   Draggable extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, unknown>,
   DropTarget extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, unknown>,
@@ -5,3 +7,12 @@ export interface DNDData<
   draggable: Draggable;
   dropTarget: DropTarget;
 }
+
+export type ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs = Parameters<
+  NonNullable<Parameters<typeof dropTargetForExternal>[0]['getData']>
+>[0];
+
+export type ExternalDataAdapter<D extends DNDData> = (
+  args: ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs,
+  isDropEvent?: boolean
+) => D['draggable'];
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/desktop/pages/workspace/index.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/desktop/pages/workspace/index.tsx
index 42e4214469..04ca2a1d55 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/desktop/pages/workspace/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/desktop/pages/workspace/index.tsx
@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
+import { DNDContext } from '@affine/component';
 import { AffineOtherPageLayout } from '@affine/component/affine-other-page-layout';
 import { workbenchRoutes } from '@affine/core/desktop/workbench-router';
 import {
   DefaultServerService,
   WorkspaceServerService,
 } from '@affine/core/modules/cloud';
+import { DndService } from '@affine/core/modules/dnd/services';
 import { ZipTransformer } from '@blocksuite/affine/blocks';
 import type { Workspace, WorkspaceMetadata } from '@toeverything/infra';
 import {
   FrameworkScope,
   GlobalContextService,
   useLiveData,
+  useService,
   useServices,
   WorkspacesService,
 } from '@toeverything/infra';
-import type { ReactElement } from 'react';
+import type { PropsWithChildren, ReactElement } from 'react';
 import { useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { matchPath, useLocation, useParams } from 'react-router-dom';
 
@@ -128,6 +131,18 @@ export const Component = (): ReactElement => {
   return <WorkspacePage meta={meta} />;
 };
 
+const DNDContextProvider = ({ children }: PropsWithChildren) => {
+  const dndService = useService(DndService);
+  const contextValue = useMemo(() => {
+    return {
+      externalDataAdapter: dndService.externalDataAdapter,
+    };
+  }, [dndService.externalDataAdapter]);
+  return (
+    <DNDContext.Provider value={contextValue}>{children}</DNDContext.Provider>
+  );
+};
+
 const WorkspacePage = ({ meta }: { meta: WorkspaceMetadata }) => {
   const { workspacesService, globalContextService, defaultServerService } =
     useServices({
@@ -229,7 +244,9 @@ const WorkspacePage = ({ meta }: { meta: WorkspaceMetadata }) => {
     return (
       <FrameworkScope scope={workspaceServer?.scope}>
         <FrameworkScope scope={workspace.scope}>
-          <AppContainer fallback />
+          <DNDContextProvider>
+            <AppContainer fallback />
+          </DNDContextProvider>
         </FrameworkScope>
       </FrameworkScope>
     );
@@ -238,11 +255,13 @@ const WorkspacePage = ({ meta }: { meta: WorkspaceMetadata }) => {
   return (
     <FrameworkScope scope={workspaceServer?.scope}>
       <FrameworkScope scope={workspace.scope}>
-        <AffineErrorBoundary height="100vh">
-          <WorkspaceLayout>
-            <WorkbenchRoot />
-          </WorkspaceLayout>
-        </AffineErrorBoundary>
+        <DNDContextProvider>
+          <AffineErrorBoundary height="100vh">
+            <WorkspaceLayout>
+              <WorkbenchRoot />
+            </WorkspaceLayout>
+          </AffineErrorBoundary>
+        </DNDContextProvider>
       </FrameworkScope>
     </FrameworkScope>
   );
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/dnd/services/index.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/dnd/services/index.ts
index 6de19bd119..421fec4876 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/dnd/services/index.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/dnd/services/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-import type { ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs } from '@affine/component';
+import type {
+  ExternalDataAdapter,
+  ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs,
+} from '@affine/component';
 import type { AffineDNDData } from '@affine/core/types/dnd';
 import type { DocsService, WorkspaceService } from '@toeverything/infra';
 import { Service } from '@toeverything/infra';
@@ -23,7 +26,13 @@ export class DndService extends Service {
 
   private readonly resolvers = new Map<string, EntityResolver>();
 
-  externalDataAdapter = (args: ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs) => {
+  externalDataAdapter: ExternalDataAdapter<AffineDNDData> = (
+    args: ExternalGetDataFeedbackArgs,
+    isDropEvent?: boolean
+  ) => {
+    if (!isDropEvent) {
+      return {};
+    }
     const from: AffineDNDData['draggable']['from'] = {
       at: 'external',
     };
@@ -43,6 +52,10 @@ export class DndService extends Service {
       }
     }
 
+    if (!entity) {
+      return {}; // no resolver can handle this data
+    }
+
     return {
       from,
       entity,
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/collection/index.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/collection/index.tsx
index a4b132480e..b289cebc89 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/collection/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/collection/index.tsx
@@ -189,10 +189,9 @@ export const ExplorerCollectionNode = ({
   const handleCanDrop = useMemo<DropTargetOptions<AffineDNDData>['canDrop']>(
     () => args => {
       const entityType = args.source.data.entity?.type;
-      const isExternalDrop = args.source.data.from?.at === 'external';
       return args.treeInstruction?.type !== 'make-child'
         ? ((typeof canDrop === 'function' ? canDrop(args) : canDrop) ?? true)
-        : entityType === 'doc' || isExternalDrop;
+        : entityType === 'doc';
     },
     [canDrop]
   );
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/doc/index.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/doc/index.tsx
index 52f8e69779..08276dd4db 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/doc/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/nodes/doc/index.tsx
@@ -180,10 +180,9 @@ export const ExplorerDocNode = ({
   const handleCanDrop = useMemo<DropTargetOptions<AffineDNDData>['canDrop']>(
     () => args => {
       const entityType = args.source.data.entity?.type;
-      const isExternalDrop = args.source.data.from?.at === 'external';
       return args.treeInstruction?.type !== 'make-child'
         ? ((typeof canDrop === 'function' ? canDrop(args) : canDrop) ?? true)
-        : entityType === 'doc' || isExternalDrop;
+        : entityType === 'doc';
     },
     [canDrop]
   );
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/dnd.ts b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/dnd.ts
index 32ba14fdf9..32aede8269 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/dnd.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/dnd.ts
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@ export const favoriteChildrenDropEffect: ExplorerTreeNodeDropEffect = data => {
     ) {
       return 'move';
     } else if (
-      (data.source.data.entity?.type &&
-        isFavoriteSupportType(data.source.data.entity.type)) ||
-      // always allow external drop
-      data.source.data.from?.at === 'external'
+      data.source.data.entity?.type &&
+      isFavoriteSupportType(data.source.data.entity.type)
     ) {
       return 'link';
     }
@@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ export const favoriteRootCanDrop: DropTargetOptions<AffineDNDData>['canDrop'] =
   data => {
     return data.source.data.entity?.type
       ? isFavoriteSupportType(data.source.data.entity.type)
-      : data.source.data.from?.at === 'external'; // always allow external drop
+      : false;
   };
 
 export const favoriteChildrenCanDrop: DropTargetOptions<AffineDNDData>['canDrop'] =
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/empty.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/empty.tsx
index c514f6f0d4..e7c91b8bfd 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/empty.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/empty.tsx
@@ -3,11 +3,9 @@ import {
   Skeleton,
   useDropTarget,
 } from '@affine/component';
-import { DndService } from '@affine/core/modules/dnd/services';
 import type { AffineDNDData } from '@affine/core/types/dnd';
 import { useI18n } from '@affine/i18n';
 import { FavoriteIcon } from '@blocksuite/icons/rc';
-import { useService } from '@toeverything/infra';
 
 import { ExplorerEmptySection } from '../../layouts/empty-section';
 import { DropEffect } from '../../tree';
@@ -23,7 +21,6 @@ const RootEmptyLoading = () => {
 };
 const RootEmptyReady = ({ onDrop }: Omit<RootEmptyProps, 'isLoading'>) => {
   const t = useI18n();
-  const dndService = useService(DndService);
 
   const { dropTargetRef, draggedOverDraggable, draggedOverPosition } =
     useDropTarget<AffineDNDData>(
@@ -33,9 +30,9 @@ const RootEmptyReady = ({ onDrop }: Omit<RootEmptyProps, 'isLoading'>) => {
         },
         onDrop: onDrop,
         canDrop: favoriteRootCanDrop,
-        externalDataAdapter: dndService.externalDataAdapter,
+        allowExternal: true,
       }),
-      [dndService.externalDataAdapter, onDrop]
+      [onDrop]
     );
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/index.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/index.tsx
index c10a936ba6..456a7941c6 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/sections/favorites/index.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import {
   useDropTarget,
 } from '@affine/component';
 import { usePageHelper } from '@affine/core/components/blocksuite/block-suite-page-list/utils';
-import { DndService } from '@affine/core/modules/dnd/services';
 import {
   DropEffect,
   ExplorerTreeRoot,
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ import { track } from '@affine/track';
 import { PlusIcon } from '@blocksuite/icons/rc';
 import {
   useLiveData,
-  useService,
   useServices,
   WorkspaceService,
 } from '@toeverything/infra';
@@ -151,8 +149,6 @@ export const ExplorerFavorites = () => {
     [favoriteService]
   );
 
-  const dndService = useService(DndService);
-
   const { dropTargetRef, draggedOverDraggable, draggedOverPosition } =
     useDropTarget<AffineDNDData>(
       () => ({
@@ -161,9 +157,9 @@ export const ExplorerFavorites = () => {
         },
         onDrop: handleDrop,
         canDrop: favoriteRootCanDrop,
-        externalDataAdapter: dndService.externalDataAdapter,
+        allowExternal: true,
       }),
-      [dndService.externalDataAdapter, handleDrop]
+      [handleDrop]
     );
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/tree/node.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/tree/node.tsx
index d47ed83d6f..9ec597e5b9 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/tree/node.tsx
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/modules/explorer/views/tree/node.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import {
 } from '@affine/component';
 import { RenameModal } from '@affine/component/rename-modal';
 import { AppSidebarService } from '@affine/core/modules/app-sidebar';
-import { DndService } from '@affine/core/modules/dnd/services';
 import { WorkbenchLink } from '@affine/core/modules/workbench';
 import type { AffineDNDData } from '@affine/core/types/dnd';
 import { extractEmojiIcon } from '@affine/core/utils';
@@ -186,7 +185,6 @@ export const ExplorerTreeNode = ({
     },
     [canDrop, reorderable]
   );
-  const dndService = useService(DndService);
 
   const {
     dropTargetRef,
@@ -224,9 +222,7 @@ export const ExplorerTreeNode = ({
         }
       },
       canDrop: handleCanDrop,
-      externalDataAdapter(args) {
-        return dndService.externalDataAdapter(args) as any;
-      },
+      allowExternal: true,
     }),
     [
       dndData?.dropTarget,
@@ -238,7 +234,6 @@ export const ExplorerTreeNode = ({
       cid,
       onDrop,
       setCollapsed,
-      dndService,
     ]
   );
   const isSelfDraggedOver = draggedOverDraggable?.data.__cid === cid;