+ “With all the time you spend watching TV,” he tells me, “you could
+ have written a novel by now.” It’s hard to disagree with the sentiment
+ — writing a novel is undoubtedly a better use of time than watching TV
+ — but what about the hidden assumption? Such comments imply that time
+ is “fungible” — that time spent watching TV can just as easily be
+ spent writing a novel. And sadly, that’s just not the case.
+
+
+ Time has various levels of quality. If I’m walking to the subway
+ station and I’ve forgotten my notebook, then it’s pretty hard for me
+ to write more than a couple paragraphs. And it’s tough to focus when
+ you keep getting interrupted. There’s also a mental component:
+ sometimes I feel happy and motivated and ready to work on something,
+ but other times I feel so sad and tired I can only watch TV.
+
+ If you want to be more productive then, you have to recognize this
+ fact and deal with it. First, you have to make the best of each kind
+ of time. And second, you have to try to make your time higher-quality.
+
+ Life is short (or so I’m told) so why waste it doing something dumb?
+ It’s easy to start working on something because it’s convenient, but
+ you should always be questioning yourself about it. Is there something
+ more important you can work on? Why don’t you do that instead? Such
+ questions are hard to face up to (eventually, if you follow this rule,
+ you’ll have to ask yourself why you’re not working on the most
+ important problem in the world) but each little step makes you more
+ productive.
+
+
+
+ This isn’t to say that all your time should be spent on the most
+ important problem in the world. Mine certainly isn’t (after all, I’m
+ writing this essay). But it’s definitely the standard against which
+ I measure my life.
+
+
+ Another common myth is that you’ll get more done if you pick one
+ problem and focus on it exclusively. I find this is hardly ever true.
+ Just this moment for example, I’m trying to fix my posture, exercise
+ some muscles, drink some fluids, clean off my desk, IM with my
+ brother, and write this essay. Over the course the day, I’ve worked on
+ this essay, read a book, had some food, answered some email, chatted
+ with friends, done some shopping, worked on a couple other essays,
+ backed up my hard drive, and organized my book list. In the past week
+ I’ve worked on several different software projects, read several
+ different books, studied a couple different programming languages,
+ moved some of my stuff, and so on.
+
+
+ Having a lot of different projects gives you work for different
+ qualities of time. Plus, you’ll have other things to work on if you
+ get stuck or bored (and that can give your mind time to unstick
+ yourself).
+
+
+ It also makes you more creative. Creativity comes from applying things
+ you learn in other fields to the field you work in. If you have a
+ bunch of different projects going in different fields, then you have
+ many more ideas you can apply.
+
+ Coming up with a bunch of different things to work on shouldn’t be
+ hard — most people have tons of stuff they want to get done. But if
+ you try to keep it all in your head it quickly gets overwhelming. The
+ psychic pressure of having to remember all of it can make you crazy.
+ The solution is again simple: write it down.
+
+
+ Once you have a list of all the things you want to do, you can
+ organize it by kind. For example, my list is programming, writing,
+ thinking, errands, reading, listening, and watching (in that order).
+
+
+ Most major projects involve a bunch of these different tasks. Writing
+ this, for example, involves reading about other procrastination
+ systems, thinking up new sections of the article, cleaning up
+ sentences, emailing people with questions, and so on, all in addition
+ to the actual work of writing the text. Each task can go under the
+ appropriate section, so that you can do it when you have the right
+ kind of time.
+
+ Once you have this list, the problem becomes remembering to look at
+ it. And the best way to remember to look at it is to make looking at
+ it what you would do anyway. For example, I keep a stack of books on
+ my desk, with the ones I’m currently reading on top. When I need a
+ book to read, I just grab the top one off the stack.
+
+
+ I do the same thing with TV/movies. Whenever I hear about a movie I
+ should watch, I put it in a special folder on my computer. Now
+ whenever I feel like watching TV, I just open up that folder.
+
+
+ I’ve also thought about some more intrusive ways of doing this. For
+ example, a web page that pops up with a list of articles in my “to
+ read” folder whenever I try to check some weblogs. Or maybe even a
+ window that pops up with work suggestions occasionally for me to see
+ when I’m goofing off.
+
+
+ Making the best use of the time you have can only get you so far. The
+ much more important problem is making more higher quality time for
+ yourself. Most people’s time is eaten up by things like school and
+ work. Obviously if you attend one of these, you should stop. But what
+ else can you do?
+
+ Cloud apps like Google Docs and{' '}
+ Trello are popular because they enable
+ real-time collaboration with colleagues, and they make it easy for us
+ to access our work from all of our devices. However, by centralizing
+ data storage on servers, cloud apps also take away ownership and
+ agency from users.{' '}
+
+ If a service shuts down, the software stops functioning, and data
+ created with that software is lost.
+
+
+ If you are an entrepreneur interested in building developer
+ infrastructure, all of the above suggests an interesting market
+ opportunity: “Firebase for CRDTs.”
+
+
+ In this article we propose local-first software{' '}
+ of principles for software that enables both collaboration
+
+ We survey existing approaches to data storage and sharing, ranging
+ from email attachments to web apps to Firebase-backed mobile apps, and
+ we examine the trade-offs of each. We look at Conflict-free Replicated
+ Data Types (CRDTs): data structures that are multi-user from the
+ ground up while also being fundamentally local and private. CRDTs have
+ the potential to be a foundational technology for realizing
+ local-first software.
+
+
+
+ We share some of our findings from developing local-first software
+ prototypes at Ink & Switch over the course of
+ several years. These experiments test the viability of CRDTs in
+ practice, and explore the user interface challenges for this new data
+ model. Lastly, we suggest some next steps for moving towards
+ local-first software: for researchers, for app developers, and a
+ startup opportunity for entrepreneurs.
+
+ Martin Kleppmann, Adam Wiggins, Peter van Hardenberg, and Mark
+ McGranaghan. Local-first software: you own your data, in spite of the
+ cloud. 2019 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New
+ Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!),
+ October 2019, pages 154–178.{' '}
+ doi:10.1145/3359591.3359737
+
+ It’s amazing how easily we can collaborate online nowadays. We use
+ Google Docs to collaborate on documents, spreadsheets and
+ presentations; in Figma we work together on user interface designs; we
+ communicate with colleagues using Slack; we track tasks in Trello; and
+ so on. We depend on these and many other online services, e.g. for
+ taking notes, planning projects or events, remembering contacts, and a
+ whole raft of business uses.
+
+
+ Today’s cloud apps offer big benefits compared to earlier generations
+ of software: seamless collaboration, and being able to access data
+ from any device. As we run more and more of our lives and work through
+ these cloud apps, they become more and more critical to us. The more
+ time we invest in using one of these apps, the more valuable the data
+ in it becomes to us.
+
+
+ However, in our research we have spoken to a lot of creative
+ professionals, and in that process we have also learned about the
+ downsides of cloud apps.
+
+
+ When you have put a lot of creative energy and effort into making
+ something, you tend to have a deep emotional attachment to it. If you
+ do creative work, this probably seems familiar. (When we say “creative
+ work,” we mean not just visual art, or music, or poetry — many other
+ activities, such as explaining a technical topic, implementing an
+ intricate algorithm, designing a user interface, or figuring out how
+ to lead a team towards some goal are also creative efforts.)
+
+ Students often re-read, underline, or highlight materials, thinking
+ that it will help them learn better. But, the best method for really
+ turning information into long-term memory is to use what is called
+ ‘retrieval practice’.
+
+
+
+ It simply means trying to retrieve the information from your own
+ brain, instead of looking at a sheet of paper. When you have really
+ learnt something, you’ve created sets of links between the neurons in
+ long-term memory. Each time you tug on those sets of links and bring
+ them back to mind from your memory, you strengthen them. This is why,
+ using flashcards, teaching others, or trying to retrieve key ideas
+ from your own mind, after having glanced at a page or your notes, can
+ be valuable.
+
+ The best method for more efficient learning is to avoid multitasking.
+ The Pomodoro Technique helps with this. To do a Pomodoro, just put
+ away all distractions (no pop-upson your computer or dings from your
+ phone!), set a timer for 25 minutes, and focus as fully as you can for
+ those 25 minutes, bringing your thoughts back to the task if you find
+ them wandering. At the end of the 25 minutes, give yourself a
+ five-minutes break and do not indulge in anything where you have to
+ focus on (no checking e-mails, for example – but making a cup of tea
+ is just fine). Repeat the Pomodoro/break three or four times, and
+ then, take a 30-minutes break – or wrap your studies up for the day!
+
+ We all wish we had much better memories, but, if you remember too
+ perfectly, it makes it harder to revisit and update your learning – to
+ be more flexible on the face of new information, or to change and
+ adapt if you’ve got something wrong. If you want to remember more,
+ retrieval practice with spaced repetition, that is, spacing your
+ retrieval practice out over a number of days – is your best bet.
+ Researchers sug-gest that you should retrieve the information when you
+ are about to forget it, which is a tricky bit of timing to figure out.
+
+
How can we make online learning more effective for students?
+
+ It can be hard to write a textbook for a class; so, most professors
+ use professional textbooks to supplement their teachings. Similarly,
+ it can be hard to create high-quality video materials. I believe
+ online teaching will continue to become more common post-COVID – the
+ genie is out of the bottle as, now, students realise that online
+ learning can be more convenient than face-to-face classes. But,
+ students still like their teachers – real professors, who they can
+ interact with. So, real face-to-face instructors will always have a
+ place.
+
+ Do you think students should use social media, like YouTube, for
+ learning?
+
+
+ There are some excellent learning materials available on YouTube, but,
+ students may have to spend a lot of time wading through the dreck to
+ find what they are looking for. Students – and all of us – need to be
+ a little wary of spending too much time on social media. It can be the
+ equivalent of parking yourself in front of the television and
+ indulging in hours of mindless entertainment – except that social
+ media can also be an echo chamber that can push us to unwittingly
+ become more extreme in our beliefs.
+
+ At GDC 2017, Hidemaro Fujibayashi, Satoru Takizawa, and Takuhiro Dohta
+ from Nintendo shared their insights on The Legend of Zelda: Breath of
+ the Wild's groundbreaking game mechanics. One standout feature is
+ the "multiplicative gameplay," which empowers players to
+ interact with the game world in diverse ways, leading to surprising
+ outcomes.
+
+
+
Mechanics
+
+ Multiplicative gameplay works like a magical concoction, where
+ players' actions, terrain, and items combine to create a range of
+ unexpected results. For instance, players can set trees ablaze to
+ create a fiery barrier against enemies, detonate bombs to carve new
+ paths, or soar through the skies with a glider for a bird's-eye
+ view of the world.
+
+
+ To achieve multiplicative gameplay, the development team made
+ significant changes to the game's terrain system, physics system,
+ and action system.
+
+ The terrain system enables players to climb any surface, whether
+ it's a wall, a tree, or a rock, granting them the freedom to
+ explore every nook and cranny of the game world.
+
+ Unlike traditional games, the physics system in Breath of the Wild is
+ more open, allowing players to leverage natural phenomena to solve
+ puzzles or create new gameplay opportunities. For instance, players
+ can ignite trees to create barriers of fire or use bombs to open up
+ new pathways.
+
+ The action system offers more flexibility than in traditional games,
+ empowering players to choose how they want to interact with the game
+ world. Whether it's wielding a sword, a shield, or a bow and
+ arrow, players have the freedom to approach challenges in their own
+ unique way.
+
+ Takizawa also outlined the process for validating multiplicative
+ gameplay. He believes that it can be achieved through the following
+ steps:
+
+
+
+ List all possible behaviors, terrain features, and items. For example,
+ in Breath of the Wild, players can engage in activities such as
+ climbing, gliding, swimming, and combat; terrain includes mountains,
+ forests, plains, and lakes; and items encompass weapons, tools, and
+ food.
+
+
+ Analyze the interactions between these elements. For example, players
+ can use fire to ignite trees, creating a barrier of fire to impede
+ enemies' progress.
+
+
+ Test the results of these interactions. For example, the development
+ team can assess whether players can safely navigate through a wall of
+ fire.
+
+
+ By following these steps, developers can verify whether multiplicative
+ gameplay will yield the desired outcomes.
+
+ Multiplicative gameplay is a potent tool for crafting more captivating
+ and immersive gaming experiences. It empowers players to explore the
+ game world in creative and flexible ways, leading to fresh and
+ unexpected discoveries.
+
+
+ ),
+ offset: { x: 450, y: -1400 },
+ },
+];
diff --git a/packages/frontend/core/src/components/affine/onboarding/articles/article-4.tsx b/packages/frontend/core/src/components/affine/onboarding/articles/article-4.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..657137a0e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/frontend/core/src/components/affine/onboarding/articles/article-4.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+import { ShadowSticker } from '../switch-widgets/shadow-sticker';
+import type { OnboardingBlockOption } from '../types';
+import bookmark1png from './assets/article-4-bookmark-1.png';
+import bookmark2png from './assets/article-4-bookmark-2.png';
+import illustration1jpg from './assets/article-4-illustration-1.jpg';
+import illustration2jpg from './assets/article-4-illustration-2.jpg';
+
+export const article4: Array = [
+ {
+ children:
+ Broken symmetry and the nature of the hierarchical structure of
+ science
+
+
+
+ The reductionist hypothesis may still be a topic for controversy among
+ philosophers, but among the great majority of active scientists I
+ think it is accepted without questions. The workings of our minds and
+ bodies, and of all the animate or inanimate matter of which we have
+ any detailed knowledge, are assumed to be controlled by the same set
+ of fundamental laws, which except under certain extreme conditions we
+ feel we know pretty well.
+
+
+ It seems inevitable to go on uncritically to what appears at first
+ sight to be an obvious corollary of reductionism: that if everything
+ obeys the same fundamental laws, then the only scientists who are
+ studying anything really fundamental are those who are working on
+ those laws. In practice, that amounts to some astrophysicists, some
+ elementary particle physicists, some logicians and other
+ mathematicians, and few others. This point of view, which it is the
+ main purpose of this article to oppose, is expressed in a rather
+ well-known passage by Weisskopf (1):
+
+ Looking at the development of science in the Twentieth Century one can
+ distinguish two trends, which I will call “intensive” and “extensive”
+ research, lacking a better terminology. In short: intensive research
+ goes for the fundamental laws, extensive research goes for the
+ explanation of phenomena in terms of known fundamental laws, As always,
+ distinctions of this kind are not unambiguous, but they are clear in
+ most cases. Solid state physics plasma physics, and perhaps also biology
+ are extensive. High energy physics and a good part of nuclear physics
+ are intensive research going on than extensive. Once new fundamental
+ laws are discovered, a large and ever increasing activity begins in
+ order to apply the discoveries to hitherto unexplained phenomena. Thus,
+ there are two dimensions to basic research. The frontier of science
+ extends all along a long line from the newest and most modern intensive
+ research, over the extensive research recently spawned by the intensive
+ research of yesterday, to the broad and well developed web of extensive
+ research activities based on intensive research of past decades
+
+ The effectiveness of this message may be indicated by the face that I
+ heard it quoted recently by a leader in the field of materials
+ science, who urged the participants at a meeting dedicated to
+ “fundamental problems in condensed matter physics” to accept that
+ there were few or no such problems and that nothing was left but
+ extensive science, which he seemed to equate with device engineering.
+
+
+ The main fallacy in this kind of thinking is that the reductionist
+ hypothesis does not by any means imply a “constructions” one: The
+ ability to reduce everything to simple fundamental laws does not imply
+ the ability to start from those laws and reconstruct the universe. In
+ fact, the more the elementary particle physicists tell us about the
+ nature of the fundamental laws, the less relevance they seem to have
+ to the very real problems of the rest of science much less to those of
+ society.
+
+ The constructionist hypothesis breaks down when confronted with the
+ twin difficulties of scale and complexity. The behavior of large and
+ complex aggregates of elementary particles, it turns out, is not to be
+ understood in terms of a simple extrapolation entirely new properties
+ appear, and the understanding of the new behaviors requires research
+ which I think is as fundamental in its nature as any other. That is,
+ it seems to me that one may array the sciences roughly linearly in a
+ hierarchy, according to the idea: The elementary entities of science X
+ obey the laws of science Y.
+
+
+ But this hierarchy does not imply that science X is “just applied Y.”
+ At each stage entirely new laws, concepts and generalizations are
+ necessary, requiring inspiration and creativity to just as great a
+ degree as in the previous one. Psychology is not applied biology, nor
+ is biology applied chemistry.
+
“With all the time you spend watching TV,” he tells me, “you could
have written a novel by now.” It’s hard to disagree with the sentiment
— writing a novel is undoubtedly a better use of time than watching TV
- — but what about the hidden assumption? Such comments imply that time
- is “fungible” — that time spent watching TV can just as easily be
- spent writing a novel. And sadly, that’s just not the case.
+ — but what about the hidden ...
),
- '1': (
+ '3': (
+
+
+
Breath of the Wild: Redefining Game Design
+
+ At GDC 2017, Hidemaro Fujibayashi, Satoru Takizawa, and Takuhiro Dohta
+ from Nintendo shared their insights on The Legend of Zelda: Breath of
+ the Wild's groundbreaking game mechanics. One standout ...
+
+
+
+ ),
+ '2': (
Learning with earning with retrieval practice
@@ -150,13 +166,12 @@ const paperBriefs = {
Students often re-read, underline, or highlight materials, thinking
that it will help them learn better. But, the best method for really
- turning information into long-term memory is to use what is called
- ‘retrieval practice’.
+ ...
),
- '2': (
+ '1': (
@@ -168,14 +183,12 @@ const paperBriefs = {
Cloud apps like Google Docs and Trello are popular because they enable
real-time collaboration with colleagues, and they make it easy for us
to access our work from all of our devices. However, by centralizing
- data storage on servers, cloud apps also take away ownership and
- agency from users. If a service shuts down, the software stops
- functioning, and data created with that software is lost.
+ ...
),
- '3': (
+ '4': (
More Is Different
@@ -186,32 +199,49 @@ const paperBriefs = {
The reductionist hypothesis may still be a topic for controversy among
philosophers, but among the great majority of active scientists I
- think it is accepted without questions. The workings of our minds and
- bodies, and of all the animate or inanimate matter of which we have
- any detailed knowledge, are assumed to be controlled by the same set
- of fundamental laws, which except under certain extreme conditions we
- feel we know pretty well.
-
-
-
- ),
- '4': (
-
-
-
HOWTO: Be more productive
-
- “With all the time you spend watching TV,” he tells me, “you could
- have written a novel by now.” It’s hard to disagree with the sentiment
- — writing a novel is undoubtedly a better use of time than watching TV
- — but what about the hidden assumption? Such comments imply that time
- is “fungible” — that time spent watching TV can just as easily be
- spent writing a novel. And sadly, that’s just not the case.
+ think it is accepted without ...